awk / sed循環CSV - 將子項綁定到第1列

Question

應Charles Duffy的要求重新設計，重點更為狹窄。

我有一個CSV文件，如下所示：

Security Policy: Blahblahblah,,,,,,,,,
12,,host_A,net-B,https,drop,Log,Any,Any,comments
13,,host_A,net-B,smtp,drop,Log,Any,Any,comments
14,,host_A,net-B,http,accept,Log,Any,Any,comments 
,,net-C,,,,,,,
,,net-D,,,,,,,
15,,host_A,net-B,http,accept,Log,Any,Any,comments
,,host_B,net-C,service_X,,,,,
,,host_C,net-D,service_y,,,,,
,,host_D,,,,,,,
,,host_E,,,,,,,

我需要單獨解析每個值，但是我需要在各自的語句中包含$ 1。 正如你所看到的，對於13和14來說這很容易，但是當它們的列是空白的（兒童）時它會成為14和15的嚴重問題。

循環使用它的最佳方法是什么？

例如，我希望輸出看起來像：

'text goes here' $1 'more text' $3 'more text'
'text goes here' $1 'more text' $4 'more text'

等等

使用實際值（15）：

'text goes here' 15 'more text' host_A 'more text'
'text goes here' 15 'more text' host_B 'more text'
'text goes here' 15 'more text' host_C 'more text'
'text goes here' 15 'more text' host_D 'more text'
'text goes here' 15 'more text' host_E 'more text'
'text goes here' 15 'other text' net-B 'more text'
'text goes here' 15 'other text' net-C 'more text'
'text goes here' 15 'other text' net-D 'more text'
'text goes here' 15 'text' http 'more text'
'text goes here' 15 'text' service_X 'more text'
'text goes here' 15 'text' service_y'more text'

等等等等。

謝謝，

Answer 1

process_file() {
  # declare local variables
  declare -a last_seen row
  declare col_idx col

  read # discard first line

  while IFS=, read -r -a row; do
    # for each remaining line...
    for col_idx in "${!row[@]}"; do
      # update last-seen rows with any contents here
      col=${row[$col_idx]}
      if [[ $col ]]; then
        last_seen[$col_idx]=$col
      fi
    done

    # ...and operate on those values.
    printf 'text goes here %s more text %s more text\n' \
      "${last_seen[0]}" "${last_seen[2]}" "${last_seen[3]}"
  done
}

process_file <input.csv >output.txt

Answer 2

我真的在猜測，因為你的問題不能解釋你想要什么，但是你正在尋找的是這樣的東西：

$ cat file
Security Policy: Blahblahblah,,,,,,,,,
12,,host_A,net-B,https,drop,Log,Any,Any,comments
13,,host_A,net-B,smtp,drop,Log,Any,Any,comments
14,,host_A,net-B,http,accept,Log,Any,Any,comments
,,net-C,,,,,,,
,,net-D,,,,,,,
15,,host_A,net-B,http,accept,Log,Any,Any,comments
,,host_B,net-C,service_X,,,,,
,,host_C,net-D,service_y,,,,,
,,host_D,,,,,,,
,,host_E,,,,,,,

$ awk -f tst.awk file
12  host_A net-B https drop Log Any Any comments
13  host_A net-B smtp drop Log Any Any comments
14  host_A net-B http accept Log Any Any comments
14  net-C net-B http accept Log Any Any comments
14  net-D net-B http accept Log Any Any comments
15  host_A net-B http accept Log Any Any comments
15  host_B net-C service_X accept Log Any Any comments
15  host_C net-D service_y accept Log Any Any comments
15  host_D net-B http accept Log Any Any comments
15  host_E net-B http accept Log Any Any comments

$ cat tst.awk
BEGIN{ FS="," }
NR==1 { next }
$1 != "" { split($0,dflt) }
{ for (i=1;i<=NF;i++) if ($i == "") $i = dflt[i]; print }