為什么我得到這個python語法indexerror

Question

我是python和一般編程的新手。 我的程序中收到許多語法錯誤。 大多數是索引錯誤。 當我現在運行它時，我得到的是：

"Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python33\HW3 playing around.py", line 133, in <module>
    Main()
  File "C:\Python33\HW3 playing around.py", line 32, in Main
    EmployeeNumbers()
  File "C:\Python33\HW3 playing around.py", line 69, in EmployeeNumbers
    Sal[Index] = float(input("Enter Employee salary here: "))
IndexError: list assignment index out of range"

我不知道如何解決此錯誤以及該程序具有的許多其他錯誤，我們將不勝感激。

-雅各布

# Description: This program will Calculate the Average, Maximum, and Minimum Salaries of employees

#Declare Variables
EmpNum = 0
SalAVG = 0
Index = 0
SalTot = 0

# Start Main
def Main():

# Get Number of employees
    EmpNum = int(input("Enter the number of employee's here: "))
    if EmpNum <=0:
            print("Please enter positive number")

    while Index < EmpNum:

        # Call EmployeeNames
        global Name
        global Index
        global SalTot
        Name = [Index]
        EmployeeNames()

        # Call EmployeeNumbers
        global Sal
        Sal = [Index]
        EmployeeNumbers()

        # Calculate SalTot
        SalTot = SalTot + Sal[Index]

        # Increase Index
        Index = Index + 1

    # Calculate and output AVG
    SalAVG = SalTot / Index
    print("The average salary is $", SalAVG)

    # Call and output Maximum
    Maximum()
    print("The highest paid employee is ", EmpName, " With a salary of $")

    # Call and output Minimum
    global Temp
    global Switch
    Minimum
    print("The Lowest paid employee is ", EmpName, " With a salary of $")

# Arrays

# EmployeeNames array
def EmployeeNames():
    # Bind global parts
    global Name
    global Index
    # Run EmployeeNames
    Name[EmpNum] = str(input("Enter employee name here: "))

# EmployeeNumbers Array
def EmployeeNumbers():
    #Bind Global parts
    global Sal
    #Run EmployeeNumbers
    Sal[Index] = float(input("Enter Employee salary here: "))
    if Sal[EmpNum] > 200000:
        print("Please enter lower salary")
        Sal[EmpNum] = float(input("Enter Employee salary here: "))
    if Sal[EmpNum] < 0:
        print("Please enter positive number")
        Sal[EmpNum] = float(input("Enter Employee salary here: "))

# Maximum array
def Maximum():
    # Bind global parts
    global Temp
    global Switch
    global Name
    Index = 1
    Temp = 0
    Switch = 1
    while Switch > 0:
        Index = 1
        if Sal[Index] > Sal[Index + 1]:
            # Call NameSwitch
            global TempName
            global Name
            NameSwitch()
            Temp = Sal[Index]
            Sal[Index] = Sal[Index + 1]
            Sal[Index + 1] = Temp
            Switch = Switch + 1
            Index = Index + 1
        Switch = 1

# Minimum array
def Minimum():
    # Bind global parts
    global Temp
    global Switch
    global Name
    Index = 1
    Temp = 0
    Switch = 1
    while Switch > 0:
        Index = 1
        if Sal[Index] < Sal[Index + 1]:
            # Call NameSwitch
            global TempName
            global Name
            NameSwitch()
            Temp = Sal[Index]
            Sal[Index] = Sal[Index + 1]
            Sal[Index + 1] = Temp
            Switch = Switch + 1
            Index = Index + 1
        Switch = 1

# NameSwitch array
def NameSwitch():
    #Bind global parts
    global TempName
    global Name
    TempName = ""
    TempName = Name[Index]
    Name[Index] = Name[Index + 1]
    Name[Index + 1] = TempName

Main()

Answer 1

我不會修復您的代碼，但是您的問題可以簡化為：

>>> some_list = []
>>> some_list[0] = "Hello World"
IndexError: list assignment index out of range

要修復它，您需要以初始大小開始列表：

>>> some_list = [None]
>>> some_list[0] = "Hello World"

或追加到空列表：

>>> some_list = []
>>> some_list.append("Hello World")

Answer 2

您的主要問題源於使用全局變量。 而不是創建全局變量，而是將變量定義為函數，如下所示：

def Maximum(Temp,Switch,Name):

然后像這樣調用函數

Maximum(Temp,Switch,Name)

這樣，您可以跟蹤定義函數時所需的一切。

回到您的錯誤，問題在於該函數中未定義Index。 重新創建函數標頭，如下所示：

def EmployeeNumbers(sal,index):

總的來說，這樣稱呼它：

EmployeeNumbers(sal, index)

最后，在main內部定義所有變量，因此在調用它時不需要將它們傳遞給main。