Ruby on Rails：為什么我必須對命令使用sudo才能成功？

Question

我正在學習ruby on rails ...我已經能夠在OSX（10.8.3）本地主機上安裝應用程序，但是除非我使用sudo，否則大多數命令都會失敗，並會出現與權限相關的錯誤：

$ refinerycms ./

$ bundle install

$ bundle update

$ rails server

所有這些全都失敗了，沒有sudo...而且我不知道為什么。 這樣做有點麻煩，但更重要的是，似乎我在設置過程中一定做錯了一些才能做到這一點。 有誰知道我做錯了什么以及如何解決？

更新我懷疑這可能是相關的：（請注意， 兩者都指向同一個地方。）

$ gem environment
RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 2.0.3
  - RUBY VERSION: 1.9.3 (2012-04-20 patchlevel 194) [x86_64-darwin11.4.0]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - x86_64-darwin-11
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194
     - /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/


$ sudo gem environment
Password:
RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 2.0.3
  - RUBY VERSION: 1.9.3 (2012-04-20 patchlevel 194) [x86_64-darwin11.4.0]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - x86_64-darwin-11
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1
     - /Users/ESL/.gem/ruby/1.9.1
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/

這可能與或可能與~/.rvm不存在的事實有關。 它似乎沒有.rvm存在於任何地方。

更新2我對Rails應用程序了解不多，但是我注意到某些文件似乎歸系統所有，而不是我的用戶所有。 那是正常的嗎？

更新3我的直覺是我所有的gem都與root關聯，而不與我的用戶關聯，這可以解釋為什么每次嘗試執行操作時都會出現權限錯誤。 所以我嘗試以用戶身份重新安裝rvm ...

$ \curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100   184  100   184    0     0    192      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--   223
100 13641  100 13641    0     0   9060      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:--  9060
Downloading RVM from wayneeseguin branch stable
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100   124  100   124    0     0    381      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--   475
100 3263k  100 3263k    0     0   536k      0  0:00:06  0:00:06 --:--:--  615k

Upgrading the RVM installation in /usr/local/rvm/
    RVM PATH line found in /Users/ESL/.bashrc /Users/ESL/.zshrc.
    RVM sourcing line found in /Users/ESL/.bash_profile /Users/ESL/.zprofile.

Upgrade Notes:


  * WARNING: you have 'rvm_configure_env' in /etc/rvmrc, run the following to fix:

      sudo sed -i'' -e "/rvm_configure_env=.*\/opt\/sm/d" /etc/rvmrc
      rvm autolibs smf

  * No new notes to display.

# RVM:  Shell scripts enabling management of multiple ruby environments.
# RTFM: https://rvm.io/
# HELP: http://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=rvm (#rvm on irc.freenode.net)
# Cheatsheet: http://cheat.errtheblog.com/s/rvm
# Screencast: http://screencasts.org/episodes/how-to-use-rvm

# In case of any issues run 'rvm requirements' or read 'rvm notes'

Upgrade of RVM in /usr/local/rvm/ is complete.

#
#   Thank you for using RVM!
#   I sincerely hope that RVM helps to make your life easier and
#   more enjoyable!!!
#
# ~Wayne

It seems to have worked, but it looks to me like it keeps landing in the root instead of /Users/ME. Am I onto something?

更新

$ \curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100   184  100   184    0     0    124      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:--   143
100 13641  100 13641    0     0   6907      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:--  6907
Downloading RVM from wayneeseguin branch stable
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100   124  100   124    0     0    561      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--   712
100 3263k  100 3263k    0     0   767k      0  0:00:04  0:00:04 --:--:--  907k

Installing RVM to /usr/local/rvm/
    RVM PATH line found in /Users/ESL/.bashrc /Users/ESL/.zshrc.
    RVM sourcing line found in /Users/ESL/.bash_profile /Users/ESL/.zprofile.

# RVM:  Shell scripts enabling management of multiple ruby environments.
# RTFM: https://rvm.io/
# HELP: http://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=rvm (#rvm on irc.freenode.net)
# Cheatsheet: http://cheat.errtheblog.com/s/rvm
# Screencast: http://screencasts.org/episodes/how-to-use-rvm

# In case of any issues run 'rvm requirements' or read 'rvm notes'

Installation of RVM in /usr/local/rvm/ is almost complete:

  * First you need to add all users that will be using rvm to 'rvm' group,
    and logout - login again, anyone using rvm will be operating with `umask u=rwx,g=rwx,o=rx`.

  * To start using RVM you need to run `source /usr/local/rvm/scripts/rvm`
    in all your open shell windows, in rare cases you need to reopen all shell windows.

#
#   Thank you for using RVM!
#   I sincerely hope that RVM helps to make your life easier and
#   more enjoyable!!!
#
# ~Wayne

Answer 1

您未正確安裝RVM，這很容易做到。 “這通常是因為人們以root身份執行安裝，而不是從非特權用戶帳戶執行安裝指令。” 我建議使用sudo rvm implode完全刪除RVM，然后以單用戶模式再次安裝。 以您的身份而不是root或sudo的身份運行：

\curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable