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[英]glibc detected ./a.out: munmap_chunk(): invalid pointer - dynamic array of struct C++
[英]glibc detected *** ./a.out: munmap_chunk(): invalid pointer:
有很多類似這樣的問題,但是在研究了一些案例之后,我想這個問題是針對特定案例的,因此我發布了我的代碼,並指出問題出在哪里,您可能會耐心閱讀我的代碼嗎?
#ifndef uniBTree_H
#define uniBTree_H
#include "uniTreeNode.h"
#include <cassert>
template<class T>
class uniBTree {
private:
uniTreeNode<T> *root;
int delete_helper(uniTreeNode<T> *);
uniTreeNode<T> *insert_helper(uniTreeNode<T> *, const T);
void in_print_helper(const uniTreeNode<T> *) const;
void pre_print_helper(const uniTreeNode<T> *) const;
void post_print_helper(const uniTreeNode<T> *) const;
public:
uniBTree(void);
uniBTree(uniTreeNode<T> *r);
~uniBTree(void);
void insert(const T i);
void in_print(void) const;
void pre_print(void) const;
void post_print(void) const;
};
template<class T>
uniBTree<T>::uniBTree(void)
{
root = NULL;
}
template<class T>
uniBTree<T>::uniBTree(uniTreeNode<T> *r)
{
root = r;
}
template<class T>
int uniBTree<T>::delete_helper(uniTreeNode<T> *n)
{
int count = 0;
if (n == NULL)
return 0;
count += delete_helper(n->get_left());
count += delete_helper(n->get_right());
delete n;
count++;
return count;
}
template<class T>
uniBTree<T>::~uniBTree(void)
{
int count = delete_helper(root);
std::cout << "uniBTree<T>::~uniBTree<T>(void)\n";
std::cout << count << " nodes deleted\n";
}
template<class T>
void uniBTree<T>::in_print() const
{
in_print_helper(root);
}
template<class T>
void uniBTree<T>::pre_print() const
{
pre_print_helper(root);
}
template<class T>
void uniBTree<T>::post_print() const
{
post_print_helper(root);
}
template<class T>
void uniBTree<T>::in_print_helper(const uniTreeNode<T> *current) const
{
if (current == NULL)
return;
in_print_helper(current->get_left());
current->print();
in_print_helper(current->get_right());
}
template<class T>
void uniBTree<T>::pre_print_helper(const uniTreeNode<T> *current) const
{
if (current == NULL)
return;
current->print();
pre_print_helper(current->get_left());
pre_print_helper(current->get_right());
}
template<class T>
void uniBTree<T>::post_print_helper(const uniTreeNode<T> *current) const
{
if (current == NULL)
return;
post_print_helper(current->get_left());
post_print_helper(current->get_right());
current->print();
}
template<class T>
void uniBTree<T>::insert(const T i)
{
if (root == NULL)
root = new uniTreeNode<T>(i, NULL, NULL);
else
insert_helper(root, i);
}
template<class T>
uniTreeNode<T> *uniBTree<T>::insert_helper(uniTreeNode<T> *current, const T i)
{
if (current == NULL) {//this is will only dealed by attempting to visit leaves...
//if root is null, it'll be handled in insert
uniTreeNode<T> *child = new uniTreeNode<T>(i, NULL, NULL);
assert(child != NULL);
return(child);
}
if (i < current->get_data())
current->set_left(insert_helper(current->get_left(), i));
else
current->set_right(insert_helper(current->get_right(), i));
return(current);
}
#endif
#ifndef uniTreeNode_H//for redefinition
#define uniTreeNode_H
#include <iostream>
//using namespace std; don't use using namespace xxx and include source file in .h file
template<typename T>
class uniTreeNode {
private:
T data;
uniTreeNode<T> *left;
uniTreeNode<T> *right;
public:
//uniTreeNode<T>(void);
uniTreeNode(T d, uniTreeNode<T> *l, uniTreeNode<T> *r);
T get_data(void) const;
uniTreeNode<T> *get_left(void) const;
uniTreeNode<T> *get_right(void) const;
void set_left(uniTreeNode<T> *l);
void set_right(uniTreeNode<T> *r);
void print() const;
};
template<typename T>
uniTreeNode<T>::uniTreeNode/*remember syntax here*/
(T d , uniTreeNode<T> *l = NULL, uniTreeNode<T> *r = NULL)
{
data = d;
left = l;
right = r;
}
template<typename T>
T uniTreeNode<T>::get_data(void) const
{
return data;
}
template<typename T>
uniTreeNode<T> * uniTreeNode<T>::get_left(void) const
{
return left;
}
template<typename T>
uniTreeNode<T> * uniTreeNode<T>::get_right(void) const
{
return right;
}
template<typename T>
void uniTreeNode<T>::set_left(uniTreeNode<T> *l)
{
left = l;
}
template<typename T>
void uniTreeNode<T>::set_right(uniTreeNode<T> *r)
{
right = r;
}
template<typename T>
void uniTreeNode<T>::print() const
{
std::cout << "data is " << data << std::endl;
}
#endif
#include <ostream>
class date{
private:
int y;
int m;
int d;
public:
date();//default constructor
date(const long int);//used by cplr as convert constructor
date(int, int , int);
friend bool operator<(const date &d1, const date &d2);//d1 is for left-hand date
friend bool operator>(const date &d1, const date &d2);
bool operator==(date d);
bool operator!=(date d);
date &operator=(date d);
friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &out, date d);
friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &in, date d);
};
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <time.h>
#include <cstring>
#include "date.h"
date::date(){
y = m = d = 0;
}
date::date(int Y, int M, int D){
y = Y;
m = M;
d = D;
}
date::date(const long int s){//#second since 1970/1/1 00:00:00
struct tm *buf;
buf = gmtime(&s);
y = (buf->tm_year+1900);
m = buf->tm_mon+1;
d = buf->tm_mday;
}
bool operator<(const date &d1, const date &d2){
bool result;//sizeof(bool) is 1
if(d1.y < d2.y) result = true;
else if(d1.y == d2.y){
if(d1.m < d2.m) result = true;
else if(d1.m == d2.m){
if(d1.d < d2.d) result = true;
else result = false;
}
else result = false;
}
else result = false;
return result;
}
bool operator>(const date &d1, const date &d2){
bool result;//sizeof(bool) is 1
if(d1.y > d2.y) result = true;
else if(d1.y == d2.y){
if(d1.m > d2.m) result = true;
else if(d1.m == d2.m){
if(d1.d > d2.d) result = true;
else result = false;
}
else result = false;
}
else result = false;
return result;
}
bool date::operator==(date d){
return (this->y==d.y && this->m==d.m && this->d==d.d);
}
bool date::operator!=(date d){
return (this->y!=d.y || this->m!=d.m || this->d!=d.d);
}
date &date::operator=(date d){
this->y = d.y;
this->m = d.m;
this->d = d.d;
return *this;
}
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &out, date d){
out << d.y << "/" << d.m << "/" << d.d << std::endl;
return out;
}
std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &in, date d){
in >> d.y >> d.m >> d.d ;
return in;
}
#include "uniBTree.h"
#include "date.h"
#include <cstdio>
int main(){
date d1 = 100000000;//convert constructor
uniTreeNode<date> node(d1, NULL, NULL);
printf("%p %p\n", node.get_left(), node.get_right());
std::cout << node.get_data() << std::endl;
date d2 = 86401;
date d3 = 200000000;
uniBTree<date> btree(&node);
return 0;
}
我進行了測試,發現其&node
無效。 我認為這是因為它試圖在程序結束時“釋放” btree
,並且遇到根時,因為它指向node
,所以不能執行任何操作。
我有兩個問題:
node
,( uniTreeNode<date> node(xxx, xxx, xxx);
)是程序“新建”了對象嗎? uniTreeNode<T>
類模板,我沒有編寫其析構函數! 因此,就像我上面所說的那樣,當要釋放由btree
的根指向的node時,是否存在所謂的“默認析構函數”? 叫這里嗎? 最重要的是,程序是否使用了“刪除”? 如果以上兩個問題之一不存在,為什么會出現問題?
編輯:現在顯示問題,但是如何調整代碼以解決此問題? 任何一個想法嗎?
編輯:像這樣修改:
uniTreeNode<date> *nodeptr = new uniTreeNode<date>(d1, NULL, NULL);
ps如果不間接使用指針來引用我們btree的根(因此使用new),則不使用new,並且不應該使用delete; 通過此選擇,uniTreenode的delete_helper應該使用此:
if(n != root){
delete n;
count++;
}
但這不能解決問題...最終的問題是:
"can we release object without using delete(because it isn't obtained from newing) in c++?"
回復:
我的“發布” /“分配”實際上是關於內存的,沒有指定如何完成...但是無論如何這是一個大問題
您說“您可以這樣做,但幾乎總是錯誤的答案”;您的意思是我應該使用DELETE但不直接調用析構函數?(實際上似乎根本不合適)->請在此處進行說明
順便說一句,例如我所發布的那些東西,如果我想釋放它們,是否有必要用聲明將它們刪除? 還是像自動變量實例一樣處理它們?(超出范圍時,由編譯器返回)->請根據需要更正以上內容
另一個問題:對於這些自動實例,是否沒有任何現有的語句可用於執行某些操作(例如DELETE所做的事情)? 或者,如果願意,我只能調用析構函數?
回答您的問題:
因此,您不能在未使用new分配的指針上使用delete。
最簡單的解決方法是使用new分配節點:
uniTreeNode<date>* node = new uniTreeNode<date>(d1);
uniBTree<date> btree(node);
學習使用valgrind
。
它立即告訴您問題出在uniBTree
,您正在刪除uniBTree
析構函數中的堆棧對象
==23648== Invalid free() / delete / delete[] / realloc()
==23648== at 0x4A0736C: operator delete(void*) (vg_replace_malloc.c:480)
==23648== by 0x400D78: uniBTree<date>::delete_helper(uniTreeNode<date>*) (uniBTree.h:48)
==23648== by 0x400CD5: uniBTree<date>::~uniBTree() (uniBTree.h:56)
==23648== by 0x400B91: main (main.cc:17)
==23648== Address 0x7fefffab0 is on thread 1's stack
==23648==
析構函數調用delete
但是&node
不是由new
創建的(可以說是因為您沒有編寫new
!)
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