C：使用字符串數組初始化struct

Question

我正在嘗試執行以下操作，但編譯器正在抱怨括號，但是，我無法找到替代方法。

struct cards {
  char faces[13][6], suits[4][9];
}

typedef struct cards cards;

void init_struct(cards *s) {
  s->suits = {"hearts","spades","clubs","diamonds"};
  s->faces = {"ace","two","three","four","five",
              "six","seven","eight","nine"
              "ten","jack","queen","king"};
}

我意識到有幾個可能的重復線程，但沒有一個讓我在軌道上。 我希望你們其中一個可以:)謝謝

Answer 1

#include <string.h>

typedef struct cards {
    char faces[13][6], suits[4][9];
} cards;

cards base_card = {
    {"ace","two","three","four","five",
     "six","seven","eight","nine", //forgot "," at nine after
     "ten","jack","queen","king"},
    {"hearts","spades","clubs","diamonds"}
};

void init_struct(cards *s) {
    memcpy(s, &base_card,sizeof(cards));
}

Answer 2

直接初始化語法只能用於初始化，而不能用於賦值。 你不能這樣做，例如：

char p[2][5];
p = {"a", "b"}; //error

這就是它無法編譯的原因。 嘗試strcpy -ing string by string

strcpy(s->suits[0], "hearts");
strcpy(s->suits[1], "spades");
...etc

或者，初始化臨時數組然后復制它

char suits_tmp[4][9] = {"hearts","spades","clubs","diamonds"};
memcpy(s->suits, suits_tmp, 4*9);

Answer 3

在你的struct使用const char * （我假設不需要修改套裝/面值的實際內容）並單獨初始化它們：

struct cards {
    const char *suits[4];
    const char *faces[13];
};

typedef struct cards cards;

void init_struct(cards *s)
{
    s->suits[0] = "hearts";
    s->suits[1] = "spades";
    s->suits[2] = "clubs";
    s->suits[3] = "diamonds";
    s->faces[0] = "ace";
    s->faces[1] = "two";
    s->faces[2] = "three";
    s->faces[3] = "four";
    s->faces[4] = "five";
    s->faces[5] = "six";
    s->faces[6] = "seven";
    s->faces[7] = "eight";
    s->faces[8] = "nine";
    s->faces[9] = "ten";
    s->faces[10] = "jack";
    s->faces[11] = "queen";
    s->faces[12] = "king";
}

當然，如果你只想要一套一卡通，這是合理的，那么這將有效：

struct
{
    const char *suits[4];
    const char *faces[13];
} cards =
{
    {"hearts","spades","clubs","diamonds"},
    {"ace","two","three","four","five",
        "six","seven","eight","nine",
        "ten","jack","queen","king"}
};

Answer 4

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

struct cards {
  const char** suits;
  const char** faces; 
};

typedef struct cards cards;

const char* suits[4] = {"hearts","spades","clubs","diamonds"};
const char* faces[13] = {"ace","two","three","four","five",
              "six","seven","eight","nine"
              "ten","jack","queen","king"};
int main()
{
    cards deck;
    deck.suits = suits;
    deck.faces = faces;
    printf(deck.suits[0]);
    return 0;
}

這也有效。 不使用指針。

澄清

我知道我的答案是快速而骯臟的，但沒有strcpy或memcpy或很長的作業列表。 如果你的計划是為你的游戲使用標准牌組，那么無論如何它將是一組恆定的值。 如果您打算使用不同類型的套牌，那么我的答案可能不夠充分。 是的，它沒有init_struct函數，但您可以根據自己的意圖輕松修改它（因為我不熟悉C和malloc。）