[英]Double-linked-list insert item algorithm flawed
我寫了一個雙鏈表:
class doubled {
private:
class sublink {
private:
char data[30];
sublink *next_ptr;
sublink *previous_ptr;
friend doubled;
};
public:
sublink *first_ptr;
doubled(){first_ptr = NULL;};
void add_item(char *item);
void rm_item(char *item);
};
問題在於將項目添加到列表的功能:
void doubled::add_item(char *item){
sublink *new_data;
sublink *n_insert;
sublink *p_insert;
new_data = new sublink;
n_insert = new sublink;
p_insert = new sublink;
if(first_ptr == NULL){
strcpy(new_data->data, item);
new_data->previous_ptr = NULL;
new_data->next_ptr = first_ptr;
first_ptr = new_data;
} else {
strcpy(new_data->data, item);
n_insert = first_ptr;
while(1){
n_insert = n_insert->next_ptr;
if(n_insert == NULL)
break;
if(strcmp(n_insert->data, new_data->data) >= 0){
new_data->next_ptr = n_insert;
n_insert->previous_ptr = new_data;
}
}
p_insert = first_ptr;
while(1){
p_insert = p_insert->next_ptr;
if(p_insert == NULL)
break;
if((strcmp(p_insert->data, new_data->data)) < 0){
new_data->previous_ptr = p_insert;
p_insert->next_ptr = new_data;
}
}
}
std::cout << first_ptr->data << '\n';
std::cout << new_data->data << '\n';
if(new_data->next_ptr != NULL)
std::cout << new_data->next_ptr->data << '\n';
}
上面的代碼按字母順序將給定項目插入列表。
該程序輸出first_ptr->data
和new_data->data
,但不輸出new_data->next_ptr->data
,也不輸出first_ptr->next_ptr->data
。 因此,語句if(new_data->next_ptr != NULL)
始終為true,不應為true。
有人看到這個程序有問題嗎?
您可能是忘記了將上一個或下一個ptr設置為NULL而得到的。
在這里,我稍微修正了邏輯並擺脫了段錯誤(我試圖就所檢查的每種情況盡最大可能發表評論):
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
class doubled
{
private:
class sublink
{
private:
char data[30];
sublink *next_ptr;
sublink *previous_ptr;
friend doubled;
};
public:
sublink *first_ptr;
doubled(){first_ptr = NULL;};
void add_item(char *item);
void rm_item(char *item);
};
void doubled::add_item(char *item)
{
sublink *new_data;
new_data = new sublink;
strcpy(new_data->data, item);
// empty list case
if(first_ptr == NULL)
{
// Only item in the list, I have no next or previous element
new_data->previous_ptr = NULL;
new_data->next_ptr = NULL;
// Make the list point to this element
first_ptr = new_data;
}
else
{
sublink* iter;
iter = first_ptr;
// 1 element list
if(iter->next_ptr == NULL)
{
// I'm after the first and only node
if(strcmp(iter->data, new_data->data) <= 0)
{
iter->next_ptr = new_data;
new_data->previous_ptr = iter;
new_data->next_ptr = NULL;
}
// I'm before the first and only node and thefore I become the new first
else
{
iter->previous_ptr = new_data;
new_data->next_ptr = iter;
first_ptr = iter;
}
}
// 2+ element list
else
{
// this is never null the first time because empty list case is take care of above
while(iter != NULL)
{
// Should I be inserted before the current node?
if(strcmp(iter->data, new_data->data) >= 0)
{
// first node case
if(iter->previous_ptr == NULL)
{
new_data->previous_ptr = NULL;
new_data->next_ptr = iter;
iter->previous_ptr = new_data;
first_ptr = new_data;
}
// intermediate node case
else if(iter->next_ptr != NULL)
{
iter->previous_ptr->next_ptr = new_data;
new_data->previous_ptr = iter->previous_ptr;
new_data->next_ptr = iter;
iter->previous_ptr = new_data;
}
// last node case
else
{
iter->next_ptr = new_data;
new_data->previous_ptr = iter;
new_data->next_ptr = NULL;
}
break;
}
// Move to next node
iter = iter->next_ptr;
}
}
}
// Print the list
std::cout << "List: " << std::endl;
sublink* printer = first_ptr;
while(printer != NULL)
{
std::cout << '\t' << printer->data << std::endl;
printer = printer->next_ptr;
}
std::cout << std::endl;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
doubled d;
char item[30] = "bla bla bla\0";
char item2[30] = "meh\0";
char item3[30] = "ahhhhhhhh\0";
char item4[30] = "dayummmmm\0";
d.add_item(item);
d.add_item(item2);
d.add_item(item3);
d.add_item(item4);
std::cin.get();
return 0;
}
您可以在這里查看結果: http : //ideone.com/EAzsPZ
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