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無法在python 3中導入matplotlib.pyplot

[英]Cannot import matplotlib.pyplot in python 3

我從這里按照說明為python 3 安裝matplotlib如何使用Python3.2安裝matplotlib

但是我在導入pyplot時遇到無法解決的ImportError:

>>> import matplotlib
>>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
 File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/matplotlib-1.4.x-py3.2-linux-i686.egg/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 98, in <module>
_backend_mod, new_figure_manager, draw_if_interactive, _show = pylab_setup()
 File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/matplotlib-1.4.x-py3.2-linux-i686.egg/matplotlib/backends/__init__.py", line 25, in pylab_setup
globals(),locals(),[backend_name])
 File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/matplotlib-1.4.x-py3.2-linux-i686.egg/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3agg.py", line 1, in <module>
   import cairo
ImportError: No module named cairo 

我已經在導入pyplot之前嘗試過matplotlib.use('Agg')matplotlib.use('GTK') ,但是它們沒有什么不同。

任何幫助將不勝感激,謝謝。

編輯:
這表明我具有所有必需的依賴項。

jack@hostname:~/installs/matplotlib$ sudo python3 setup.py --keywords
============================================================================
Edit setup.cfg to change the build options

BUILDING MATPLOTLIB
        matplotlib: yes [1.4.x]
            python: yes [3.2.3 (default, Apr 10 2013, 05:29:11)  [GCC
                    4.6.3]]
          platform: yes [linux2]

REQUIRED DEPENDENCIES AND EXTENSIONS
             numpy: yes [version 1.6.1]
          dateutil: yes [using dateutil version 2.1]
           tornado: yes [using tornado version 3.1]
         pyparsing: yes [using pyparsing version 2.0.0]
             pycxx: yes [Official versions of PyCXX are not compatible
                    with Python 3.x.  Using local copy]
            libagg: yes [pkg-config information for 'libagg' could not
                    be found. Using local copy.]
          freetype: yes [version 14.0.8]
               png: yes [version 1.2.46]

OPTIONAL SUBPACKAGES
       sample_data: yes [installing]
          toolkits: yes [installing]
             tests: yes [using nose version 1.3.0]

OPTIONAL BACKEND EXTENSIONS
            macosx: no  [Mac OS-X only]
            qt4agg: no  [PyQt4 not found]
           gtk3agg: yes [gtk3agg backend does not work on Python 3]
         gtk3cairo: no  [Requires cairo to be installed.]
            gtkagg: no  [Requires pygtk]
             tkagg: yes [version version not identified]
             wxagg: no  [requires wxPython]
               gtk: no  [Requires pygtk]
               agg: yes [installing]
             cairo: no  [cairo not found]
         windowing: no  [Microsoft Windows only]

OPTIONAL LATEX DEPENDENCIES
            dvipng: yes [version 1.14]
       ghostscript: yes [version 9.05]
             latex: yes [version 3.1415926]
           pdftops: yes [version 0.18.4]

問題原因在macOS圖像渲染中,matplotlib的后端(默認情況下使用Cocoa的API進行渲染的后端)。 有Qt4Agg和GTKAgg,作為后端不是默認值。 設置與其他Windows或linux os不同的macosx后端。

我以假定您已安裝pip matplotlib的方式解決了此問題,您的根目錄中有一個名為〜/的目錄。 matplotlib。 在其中創建一個名為matplotlibrc的文件,然后執行以下代碼

~ / .matplotlib / Matplotlibrc
backend: TkAgg

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