安裝mysql的Rails - 安裝mysql2時出錯：錯誤：無法構建gem原生擴展

Question

我有一個Rails 3.2.13應用程序，我想部署，但托管服務將需要MySQL，而不是我一直在使用的sqlite。

在從sqlite轉換為MySQL的過程中，我不得不安裝ruby gem mysql2 ，它在安裝時給出了以下錯誤：

安裝mysql2時出錯：錯誤：無法構建gem原生擴展。

我已經嘗試了bundle install ，以及gem install mysql2 ，但出現了相同的錯誤消息。

我知道對許多人有效的解決方案是sudo apt-get install libmysql-ruby libmysqlclient-dev ，但是我在Windows上使用Git Bash，所以我發現了Windows等價物（@ francois對這個問題的回答）。 我使用安裝程序安裝了MySQL Server 5.6 ，並運行以下命令：

gem install mysql2 -- '--with-mysql-lib="c:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.6\lib" --with-mysql-include="c:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.6\include"' 

根據我的閱讀，這應該成功安裝'mysql2'ruby gem。 但奇怪的是，我仍然有以下錯誤：

  Temporarily enhancing PATH to include DevKit... Building native extensions with: '--with-mysql-lib="c:\\Program 

Files \\ MySQL \\ MySQL Server 5.6 \\ lib“--with-mysql -include =”c：\\ Program Files \\ MySQL \\ MySQL Server 5.6 \\ i nclude“'這可能需要一段時間...錯誤：安裝mysql2時出錯：ERROR ：無法構建gem原生擴展。

  c:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/bin/ruby.exe extconf.rb --with-mysql-lib="c:\\Pro gram Files\\MySQL\\MySQL Server 5.6\\lib" --with-mysql-include="c:\\Program Files\\My SQL\\MySQL Server 5.6\\include" checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... yes checking for rb_wait_for_single_fd()... yes checking for rb_hash_dup()... yes 

檢查rb_intern3（）...是檢查-llibmysql中的main（）...是檢查mysql.h ...是檢查errmsg.h ...是檢查mysqld_error.h ...是創建Makefile

  make generating mysql2-i386-mingw32.def compiling client.c client.c: In function 'rb_raise_mysql2_error': client.c:139:3: 

警告：ISO C90禁止混合聲明和代碼client.c：在函數'finish_and_mark_inactive'中：client.c：508：3：警告：ISO C90禁止混合聲明和代碼client.c：在函數'rb_mysql_client_abandon_results'中：client.c： 535：3：警告：ISO C90禁止混合聲明和代碼client.c：在函數'rb_mysql_client_next_result'中：client.c：938：5：警告：ISO C90禁止混合聲明和編譯mysql2_ext.c編譯result.c結果的代碼。 c：在函數'rb_mysql_result_fetch_fields'中：result.c：407：35：警告：有符號和無符號整數表達式離子之間的比較鏈接共享對象mysql2 / mysql2.so client.o：在函數nogvl_connect': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/cl ient.c:158: undefined reference to mysql_real_connect @ 32'client.o：在函數nogvl_init': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/cl ient.c:150: undefined reference to mysql_init @ 4'client.o：在func中 set_ssl_options': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/cl ient.c:1078: undefined reference to mysql_ssl_set @ 24'客戶端的set_ssl_options': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/cl ient.c:1078: undefined reference to .o：函數mysql_client_options': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/cl ient.c:723: undefined reference to mysql_options的mysql_client_options': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/cl ient.c:723: undefined reference to @ 12'c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：727：對mysql_error@4' client.o: In function未定義引用mysql_error@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_info'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：267：對mysql_info@4' client.o: In function未定義引用mysql_info@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_warning_count'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / client.:257:undefined引用mysql_warning_count@4' client.o: In function nogvl_do_result'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / client.c ：370：對mysql_store_result@4' client.o: In function未定義引用 mysql_store_result@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_more_results'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / client.c：923 ：未定義引用mysql_more_results@4' client.o: In function nogvl_select_db'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / client .c：863：未定義引用mysql_select_db@8' client.o: In function nogvl_ping'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：894：對mysql_ping的未定義引用mysql_ping@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_thread_id'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3。 13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：856：未定義引用mysql_thread_id@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_last_id'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：825：對mysql_insert_id@4' client.o: In function未定義引用mysql_insert_id@4' client.o: In function nogvl_read_query_result'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9。 1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：357：未定義引用mysql_read_query_result@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_server_info'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：788：未定義引用mysql_get_server_version@4' c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/cl ient.c:789: undefined reference to mysql_get_server_info @ 4'client.o：在函數rb_mysql_client_info': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/cl ient.c:756: undefined reference to mysql_get_client_version @ 0'c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：757：未定義引用mysql_get_client_info@0' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_real_escape'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：662：對mysql_real_escape_string@16' client.o: In function未定義引用mysql_real_escape_string@16' client.o: In function finish_and_mark_i中 nactive'：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：515：對mysql_free_result@4' client.o: In function未定義引用mysql_free_result@4' client.o: In function nogvl_send_query'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：334：對mysql_send_query@12' client.o: In function未定義引用mysql_send_query@12' client.o: In function nogvl_close'：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：190：undefined引用mysql_close@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_escape'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / client.c ：238：未定義引用mysql_escape_string@12' client.o: In function rb_raise_mysql2_error'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：125：未定義引用mysql_error@4' c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/cl ient.c:126: undefined reference to mysql_sqlstate @ 4'c：\\ RailsIn的mysql_error@4' c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/cl ient.c:126: undefined reference to staller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：140：未定義引用mysql_errno@4' client.o: In function rb_connect' ：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：297：未定義引用mysql_errno@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_store_result'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / client.:996：未定義引用mysql_errno@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_next_result'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / client.c：939：undefined reference to mysql_next_result@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_affected_rows'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / client.c：839 ：未定義的對mysql_affected_rows@4' client.o: In function引用mysql_affected_rows@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_async_result'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / client .c：419：你 ndefined引用mysql_errno@4' client.o: In function rb_mysql_client_abandon_results'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / client。 c：539：未定義引用mysql_next_result@4' c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/cl ient.c:538: undefined reference to mysql_more_results @ 4'c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：547：未定義引用mysql_free_result@4' client.o: In function nogvl_do_result'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / client.c：368：undefined reference到mysql_use_result@4' client.o: In function nogvl_close'：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c： 190：未定義引用mysql_close@4' client.o: In function set_charset_name'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / cl ient.c：1067：undefined referen ce to mysql_options@12' c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/cl ient.c:1069: undefined reference to mysql_error @ 4 'client.o：在函數init_mysql2_client': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/cl ient.c:1105: undefined reference to mysql_get_client_info @ 0'come.o：在函數rb_mysql_result_count': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/re sult.c:576: undefined reference to mysql_num_rows的rb_mysql_result_count': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/re sult.c:576: undefined reference to @ 4'rend.o：在函數rb_mysql_result_fetch_field': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/re sult.c:126: undefined reference to mysql_fetch_field_direct @ 8'c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / re sult.c：114 ：未定義的對mysql_num_fields@4' result.o: In function引用mysql_num_fields@4' result.o: In function rb_mysql_result_fetch_fields'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / re sult .c：403：你 ndefined對mysql_num_fields@4' result.o: In function引用mysql_num_fields@4' result.o: In function nogvl_fetch_row'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / re sult。 c：105：未定義引用mysql_fetch_row@4' result.o: In function rb_mysql_result_free_result'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / re sult.c：75：對mysql_free_result@4' result.o: In function未定義引用mysql_free_result@4' result.o: In function rb_mysql_result_fetch_row'中：c：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ lib \\ ruby​​ \\ gems \\ 1.9.1 \\ gems \\ mysql2-0.3.13 \\ ext \\ mysql2 / re sult.c：213：未定義引用mysql_fetch_lengths@4' c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/re sult.c:215: undefined reference to mysql_num_fields @ 4'rend.o：函數rb_mysql_result_each': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/re sult.c:503: undefined reference to mysql_fetch_fields的rb_mysql_result_each': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/re sult.c:503: undefined reference to @ 4'rend.o：在函數rb_mysql_result_free_result': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/re sult.c:75: undefined reference to rb_mysql_result_free_result': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/re sult.c:75: undefined reference to mysql_free_result的rb_mysql_result_free_result': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/re sult.c:75: undefined reference to @ 4'rend.o：在函數rb_mysql_result_each': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/re sult.c:531: undefined reference to mysql_fetch_fields @ 4'sult.o：在函數rb_mysql_result_free_result': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/re sult.c:75: undefined reference to mysql_free_result的rb_mysql_result_free_result': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/re sult.c:75: undefined reference to @ 4'sult.o：在函數rb_mysql_result_each': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/re sult.c:490: undefined reference to mysql_num_rows @ 4'rend.o：在函數rb_mysql_result_free_result': c:\\RailsInstaller\\Ruby1.9.3\\lib\\ruby\\gems\\1.9.1\\gems\\mysql2-0.3.13\\ext\\mysql2/re sult.c:75: undefined reference to mysql_free_result @ 4' collect2：ld返回1退出狀態make：*** [mysql2.so]錯誤1

  Gem files will remain installed in c:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9 .1/gems/mysql2-0.3.13 

檢查。 結果記錄到c：/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/mysql2-0。 3.13 / EXT / mysql2 / gem_make.out

 Can anyone please help? I am having much trouble comprehending what's wrong with the installation. 

Answer 1

我在Win64環境中遇到了同樣的錯誤。

我測試了很多解決方案，但唯一對我有用的是：

• gem install mysql2 -v'0.3.11'

Answer 2

我一直對同樣的問題感到惱火，終於成功安裝了mysql2 。 感謝odiszapc @ github 。 看來我通過谷歌發現的任何其他解決方案都不適用於我。

復制並粘貼在這里 。 所以沒有信任我。

gem uninstall mysql2

Download last MySQL connector from http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/Connector-C/mysql-    connector-c-noinstall-6.0.2-win32.zip

Extract it to C:\connector-6.0.2

gem install mysql2 --platform=ruby -- '--with-mysql-lib="C:\connector-6.0.2\lib" --with-mysql-include="C:\connector-6.0.2\include" --with-mysql-dir="C:\connector-6.0.2"'

關於我的其他信息。

• ruby 1.9.3p392（2013-02-22）[i386-mingw32]
• Rails 3.2.13
• MySQL Server 5.6
• mysql2-0.3.13

PS即使您成功安裝了mysql2 ，您可能仍需要一些工作（例如mysql2.so（LoadError）），並且在我的情況下它與libmysql有關，似乎是另一個關於mysql2的重大故障。

Answer 3

我在Windows 7 64位上安裝。 對我有用的是：

從以下網址下載C 32位連接器存檔： http ： //dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/c/

我把它提取到C：\\ Temp。 如果使用其他目錄，請調整下一個命令。

gem install mysql2 --platform=ruby -- '--with-mysql-dir="C:\Temp\mysql-connector-c-6.1.3-win32"'

Answer 4

痛苦......很痛苦。 最后工作做：

（平台：Windows64bits，Ruby32bits，DevKit32bits ......）

1. 從http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/Connector-C/mysql-connector-c-noinstall-6.0.2-win32.zip/from/pick下載C語言的mysql連接器
2. 在名稱中沒有空格的目錄中解壓縮連接器！
3. 將lib / libmysql.dll文件復制到ruby / bin中
4. gem install mysql2 - --with-mysql-dir = D：\\ RoR \\ mysql-connector-c（所以給連接器的目錄而不是服務器的目錄）

我啟動並運行了mysql2 v0.3.17 ...

Answer 5

1. 從下載Mysql連接器
   http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/Connector-C/mysql-connector-c-noinstall-6.0.2-win32.zip/from/pick 。
2. 提取它。 復制lib \\ libmysql.dll文件並將其粘貼到Ruby的bin目錄ex： C：\\ RailsInstaller \\ Ruby1.9.3 \\ bin
3. 現在再次安裝Mysql2 gem
   gem install mysql2 - ' - with-mysql-lib =“c：\\ Program Files \\ MySQL \\ MySQL Server 5.0 \\ lib \\ opt”--with-mysql-include =“c：\\ Program Files \\ MySQL \\ MySQL Server 5.0 \\包括“”
   注意：根據您的需要更改mysql安裝路徑
4. 嘗試現在捆綁