Windows Azure Powershell 將文件復制到 VM

Question

我正在嘗試使用 Windows Azure PowerShell 將 zip 文件復制到 VM。 我已經按照文檔設法連接到 VM。

但是，我找不到任何教程可以將 zip 文件上傳/復制/傳輸到 VM 磁盤，比如 C 驅動器。

任何人都可以幫我提供教程的任何鏈接或任何想法我如何復制它？

Answer 1

這是我在此處記錄的另一種方法。 它涉及

1. 創建並掛載一個空的本地 VHD。
2. 將您的文件復制到新的 VHD 並卸載它。
3. 將 VHD 復制到 azure blob 存儲
4. 將該 VHD 附加到您的 VM。

下面是一個例子：

#Create and mount a new local VHD
$volume = new-vhd -Path test.vhd -SizeBytes 50MB | `
  Mount-VHD -PassThru | `
  Initialize-Disk -PartitionStyle mbr -Confirm:$false -PassThru | `
  New-Partition -UseMaximumSize -AssignDriveLetter -MbrType IFS | `
  Format-Volume -NewFileSystemLabel "VHD" -Confirm:$false

#Copy my files  
Copy-Item C:\dev\boxstarter "$($volume.DriveLetter):\" -Recurse
Dismount-VHD test.vhd

#upload the Vhd to azure
Add-AzureVhd -Destination http://mystorageacct.blob.core.windows.net/vhdstore/test.vhd `
  -LocalFilePath test.vhd

#mount the VHD to my VM
Get-AzureVM MyCloudService MyVMName | `
  Add-AzureDataDisk -ImportFrom `
  -MediaLocation "http://mystorageacct.blob.core.windows.net/vhdstore/test.vhd" `
  -DiskLabel "boxstarter" -LUN 0 | `
  Update-AzureVM

Answer 2

這是我從一些 powershell 示例中獲得並修改的一些代碼。 它適用於使用New-PSSession創建的會話。 下面還包括一​​個很酷的包裝器。 最后，我需要發送一個完整的文件夾，所以它也在這里..

將它們捆綁在一起的一些示例用法

# open remote session
$session = Get-Session -uri $uri -credentials $credential 
# copy installer to VM
Write-Verbose "Checking if file $installerDest needs to be uploaded"
Send-File -Source $installerSrc -Destination $installerDest -Session $session -onlyCopyNew $true



<#
.SYNOPSIS
  Returns a session given the URL 
.DESCRIPTION
  http://michaelcollier.wordpress.com/2013/06/23/using-remote-powershell-with-windows-azure-vms/
#>
function Get-Session($uri, $credentials)
{
    for($retry = 0; $retry -le 5; $retry++)
    {
      try
      {
        $session = New-PSSession -ComputerName $uri[0].DnsSafeHost -Credential $credentials -Port $uri[0].Port -UseSSL
        if ($session -ne $null)
        {
            return $session
        }

        Write-Output "Unable to create a PowerShell session . . . sleeping and trying again in 30 seconds."
        Start-Sleep -Seconds 30
      }
      catch
      {
        Write-Output "Unable to create a PowerShell session . . . sleeping and trying again in 30 seconds."
        Start-Sleep -Seconds 30
      }
    }
}

<#
.SYNOPSIS
  Sends a file to a remote session.
  NOTE: will delete the destination before uploading
.EXAMPLE
  $remoteSession = New-PSSession -ConnectionUri $remoteWinRmUri.AbsoluteUri -Credential $credential
  Send-File -Source "c:\temp\myappdata.xml" -Destination "c:\temp\myappdata.xml" $remoteSession

  Copy the required files to the remote server 

    $remoteSession = New-PSSession -ConnectionUri $frontEndwinRmUri.AbsoluteUri -Credential $credential
    $sourcePath = "$PSScriptRoot\$remoteScriptFileName"
    $remoteScriptFilePath = "$remoteScriptsDirectory\$remoteScriptFileName"
    Send-File $sourcePath $remoteScriptFilePath $remoteSession

    $answerFileName = Split-Path -Leaf $WebPIApplicationAnswerFile
    $answerFilePath = "$remoteScriptsDirectory\$answerFileName"
    Send-File $WebPIApplicationAnswerFile $answerFilePath $remoteSession
    Remove-PSSession -InstanceId $remoteSession.InstanceId
#>
function Send-File
{
    param (

        ## The path on the local computer
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]
        $Source,

        ## The target path on the remote computer
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]
        $Destination,

        ## The session that represents the remote computer
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.PSSession] 
        $Session,

        ## should we quit if file already exists?
        [bool]
        $onlyCopyNew = $false

        )

    $remoteScript =
    {
        param ($destination, $bytes)

        # Convert the destination path to a full filesystem path (to supportrelative paths)
        $Destination = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.`
        Path.GetUnresolvedProviderPathFromPSPath($Destination)

        # Write the content to the new file
        $file = [IO.File]::Open($Destination, "OpenOrCreate")
        $null = $file.Seek(0, "End")
        $null = $file.Write($bytes, 0, $bytes.Length)
        $file.Close()
    }

    # Get the source file, and then start reading its content
    $sourceFile = Get-Item $Source

    # Delete the previously-existing file if it exists
    $abort = Invoke-Command -Session $Session {
        param ([String] $dest, [bool]$onlyCopyNew)

        if (Test-Path $dest) 
        { 
            if ($onlyCopyNew -eq $true)
            {
                return $true
            }

            Remove-Item $dest
        }

        $destinationDirectory = Split-Path -Path $dest -Parent
         if (!(Test-Path $destinationDirectory))
        {
            New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $destinationDirectory 
        }

        return $false
    } -ArgumentList $Destination, $onlyCopyNew

    if ($abort -eq $true)
    {
        Write-Host 'Ignored file transfer - already exists'
        return
    }

    # Now break it into chunks to stream
    Write-Progress -Activity "Sending $Source" -Status "Preparing file"
    $streamSize = 1MB
    $position = 0
    $rawBytes = New-Object byte[] $streamSize
    $file = [IO.File]::OpenRead($sourceFile.FullName)
    while (($read = $file.Read($rawBytes, 0, $streamSize)) -gt 0)
    {
        Write-Progress -Activity "Writing $Destination" -Status "Sending file" `
            -PercentComplete ($position / $sourceFile.Length * 100)

        # Ensure that our array is the same size as what we read from disk
        if ($read -ne $rawBytes.Length)
        {
            [Array]::Resize( [ref] $rawBytes, $read)
        }

        # And send that array to the remote system
        Invoke-Command -Session $session $remoteScript -ArgumentList $destination, $rawBytes

        # Ensure that our array is the same size as what we read from disk
        if ($rawBytes.Length -ne $streamSize)
        {
            [Array]::Resize( [ref] $rawBytes, $streamSize)
        }
        [GC]::Collect()
        $position += $read
    }

    $file.Close()

    # Show the result
    Invoke-Command -Session $session { Get-Item $args[0] } -ArgumentList $Destination
}

<#
.SYNOPSIS
  Sends all files in a folder to a remote session.
  NOTE: will delete any destination files before uploading
.EXAMPLE
  $remoteSession = New-PSSession -ConnectionUri $remoteWinRmUri.AbsoluteUri -Credential $credential
  Send-Folder -Source 'c:\temp\' -Destination 'c:\temp\' $remoteSession
#>
function Send-Folder 
{
    param (
        ## The path on the local computer
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]
        $Source,

        ## The target path on the remote computer
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]
        $Destination,

        ## The session that represents the remote computer
     #   [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.PSSession] 
        $Session,

        ## should we quit if files already exist?
        [bool]
        $onlyCopyNew = $false
    )

    foreach ($item in Get-ChildItem $Source)
    {
        if (Test-Path $item.FullName -PathType Container) {
            Send-Folder $item.FullName "$Destination\$item" $Session $onlyCopyNew
        } else {
            Send-File -Source $item.FullName -Destination "$destination\$item" -Session $Session -onlyCopyNew $onlyCopyNew
        }
    }
}

Answer 3

您不能使用 PowerShell 將文件直接復制到虛擬機的操作系統磁盤（或什至其連接的磁盤之一）。 沒有用於直接與虛擬機內部通信的 API（您需要為此創建自己的自定義服務。

可以使用 PowerShell 通過Set-AzureStorageBlobContent文件上傳到 Blob。 那時，您可以在虛擬機上通知正在運行的應用程序（可能帶有隊列消息？），有一個文件等待它處理。 處理過程可能就像將文件復制到 VM 的本地磁盤一樣簡單。

Answer 4

1. 從http://aka.ms/downloadazcopy安裝 AzCopy
2. 從以下位置閱讀文檔： https : //docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/storage/storage-use-azcopy
3. cd "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft SDKs\\Azure\\AzCopy"
4. 獲取 Blob 存儲（輔助）密鑰

5. Powershell：Blob 上傳單個文件

    .\AzCopy /Source:C:\myfolder /Dest:https://myaccount.blob.core.windows.net/mycontainer/myfolder/ /DestKey:key /Pattern:abc.txt

6. 登錄遠程虛擬機

7. Powershell：Blob 下載單個文件

    .\AzCopy /Source:https://myaccount.file.core.windows.net/myfileshare/myfolder/ /Dest:C:\myfolder /SourceKey:key /Pattern:abc.txt

Answer 5

另一種解決方案是使用自定義擴展腳本。
使用自定義擴展腳本允許您將文件復制到 VM，即使 VM 沒有公共 ip（專用網絡）。 所以你不需要配置 winRm 或任何東西。

我過去曾使用自定義擴展腳本進行部署后，例如在 VM 或規模集上安裝應用程序。 基本上，您將文件上傳到 blob 存儲，自定義擴展腳本將在 VM 上下載這些文件。

我在我的 blob 存儲帳戶上創建了一個test-container並上傳了兩個文件：

• deploy.ps1 ：在 VM 上執行的腳本。
• test.txt ：帶有“Hello world from VM”的文本文件

這是deploy.ps1文件的代碼：

Param(
    [string] [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)] $filename,
    [string] [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)] $destinationPath
)

# Getting the full path of the downloaded file
$filePath = $PSScriptRoot + "\" + $filename

Write-Host "Checking the destination folder..." -Verbose
if(!(Test-Path $destinationPath -Verbose)){
    Write-Host "Creating the destination folder..." -Verbose
    New-Item -ItemType directory -Path $destinationPath -Force -Verbose
}

Copy-Item $filePath -Destination $destinationPath -Force -Verbose

這是向虛擬機添加自定義腳本擴展的代碼。

Login-AzureRMAccount

$resourceGroupName = "resourcegroupname"
$storageAccountName = "storageaccountname"
$containerName = "test-container"
$location = "Australia East"
$vmName = "TestVM"
$extensionName = "copy-file-to-vm"
$filename = "test.txt"
$deploymentScript = "deploy.ps1"
$destintionPath = "C:\MyTempFolder\"

$storageAccountKeys = (Get-AzureRmStorageAccountKey -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName -Name $storageAccountName).Value
$storageAccountKey = $storageAccountKeys[0]

Set-AzureRmVMCustomScriptExtension -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName -VMName $vmName -Name $extensionName -Location $location -TypeHandlerVersion "1.9" -StorageAccountName $storageAccountName -StorageAccountKey $storageAccountKey -ContainerName $containerName -FileName $deploymentScript, $filename -Run $deploymentScript -Argument "$filename $destintionPath" -ForceRerun "1"

您可以在復制文件后刪除擴展名：

Remove-AzureRmVMCustomScriptExtension -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName -VMName $vmName -Name $extensionName -Force

在我的場景中，我有一個邏輯應用程序，每次將新文件添加到容器時都會觸發該應用程序。 邏輯應用調用 Runbook（需要一個azure 自動化帳戶），添加自定義腳本擴展然后將其刪除。

Answer 6

我能夠在目標服務器上復制二進制文件但無法安裝，我在底部的deploy.ps1中使用以下語法

powershell.exe Start-Process -Wait  -PassThru msiexec -ArgumentList '/qn /i "c:\MyTempFolder\ddagent.msi" APIKEY="8532473174"'