使用機器人課程拍攝屏幕截圖-希望減少文件大小

Question

我有一小段代碼每五分鍾拍攝一次我的桌面的屏幕截圖-輕拂一下想法並弄清楚有多少截圖（例如，facebook）是一個工作。這非常有用，但是目錄已滿屏幕截圖越來越大。 我正在尋找減少圖像文件大小的方法-我不需要它們具有完全完美的屏幕截圖質量-我想只降低圖像的整體質量-也許使用更具損耗的格式或要求機器人將其保存為灰度。

我在問可以修改以下代碼的方式，以使生成的圖像占用更少的文件空間，並且我願意在此過程中承受相當高的質量損失。

/**
 * Code modified from code given in http://whileonefork.blogspot.co.uk/2011/02/java-multi-monitor-screenshots.html following a SE question at  
 * http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10042086/screen-capture-in-java-not-capturing-whole-screen and then modified by a code review at http://codereview.stackexchange.com/questions/10783/java-screengrab
 */
package com.tmc.personal;

import java.awt.AWTException;
import java.awt.GraphicsDevice;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.TimeZone;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

class ScreenCapture {

    static int minsBetweenScreenshots = 5;

    public static void main(String args[]) {
        int indexOfPicture = 1000;// should be only used for naming file...
        while (true) {
            takeScreenshot("ScreenCapture" + indexOfPicture++);
            try {
                TimeUnit.MINUTES.sleep(minsBetweenScreenshots);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    //from http://www.coderanch.com/t/409980/java/java/append-file-timestamp
    private  final static String getDateTime()
    {
        DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd_hh:mm:ss");
        df.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("PST"));
        return df.format(new Date());
    }

    public static void takeScreenshot(String filename) {
        Rectangle allScreenBounds = getAllScreenBounds();
        Robot robot;
        try {
            robot = new Robot();
            BufferedImage screenShot = robot.createScreenCapture(allScreenBounds);
            ImageIO.write(screenShot, "jpg", new File(filename + getDateTime()+ ".jpg"));
        } catch (AWTException e) {
            System.err.println("Something went wrong starting the robot");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.err.println("Something went wrong writing files");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Okay so all we have to do here is find the screen with the lowest x, the
     * screen with the lowest y, the screen with the higtest value of X+ width
     * and the screen with the highest value of Y+height
     * 
     * @return A rectangle that covers the all screens that might be nearby...
     */
    private static Rectangle getAllScreenBounds() {
        Rectangle allScreenBounds = new Rectangle();
        GraphicsEnvironment ge = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();
        GraphicsDevice[] screens = ge.getScreenDevices();

        int farx = 0;
        int fary = 0;
        for (GraphicsDevice screen : screens) {
            Rectangle screenBounds = screen.getDefaultConfiguration().getBounds();
            // finding the one corner
            if (allScreenBounds.x > screenBounds.x) {
                allScreenBounds.x = screenBounds.x;
            }
            if (allScreenBounds.y > screenBounds.y) {
                allScreenBounds.y = screenBounds.y;
            }
            // finding the other corner
            if (farx < (screenBounds.x + screenBounds.width)) {
                farx = screenBounds.x + screenBounds.width;
            }
            if (fary < (screenBounds.y + screenBounds.height)) {
                fary = screenBounds.y + screenBounds.height;
            }
            allScreenBounds.width = farx - allScreenBounds.x;
            allScreenBounds.height = fary - allScreenBounds.y;
        }
        return allScreenBounds;
    }
}

Answer 1

為什么不簡單地縮放您收到的圖像：

  BufferedImage img = robot.createScreenCapture(allScreenBounds);

  // scaledWidth and scaledHeight are the new smaller image size
  Image scaledImg = img.getScaledInstance(scaledWidth, scaledHeight,
        BufferedImage.SCALE_AREA_AVERAGING);

如果您需要將新圖像作為BufferedImage，則：

  BufferedImage scaledBufferedImg = new BufferedImage(scaledWidth, scaledHeight,
        BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
  Graphics g = scaledBufferedImg.getGraphics();
  g.drawImage(scaledImg, 0, 0, null);
  g.dispose();

Answer 2

除了按“氣墊船充滿鰻魚”答案縮放圖像外，還可以嘗試將jpeg品質設置為小於默認值：

Iterator iter = ImageIO.getImageWritersByFormatName("jpeg");
ImageWriter writer = (ImageWriter)iter.next();
ImageWriteParam iwp = writer.getDefaultWriteParam();
iwp.setCompressionMode(ImageWriteParam.MODE_EXPLICIT);
iwp.setCompressionQuality(0.5);   // integer between 0 and 1

另外，根據所截取的屏幕截圖類型，您可能會發現通過使用基於調色板的其他圖像文件格式（例如PNG（8位）或GIF）來減小文件大小。 當圖像包含出現在相同顏色的頻繁塊中的有限顏色集時，與jpeg相比，這些格式可以使用更少的文件大小。 ...就像許多傳統的GUI應用程序屏幕截圖一樣。