Django，VirtualEnv，Ubuntu，uwsgi / gunicorn：無法找到所有python / django模塊

Question

我正在嘗試設置uWSGI來為我的django應用服務，但是我遇到了路徑問題，或者至少我認為這是路徑問題。 症狀是，當我向應用程序發出curl請求時，我得到了回溯，表明找不到基本的python / django模塊。 例如：

File "/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/_doctest.py", line 104, in <module> import unittest, difflib, pdb, tempfile
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/pdb.py", line 59, in <module>
class Pdb(bdb.Bdb, cmd.Cmd): AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'Cmd'

我看了其他與SO相關的問題，但似乎都不是我的問題。

這是我的設置：

• django == 1.5.1
• uwsgi == 1.9.15（從pip安裝）
• python是2.7
• Ubuntu 12.04 LTS
• nginx = 0.8.54（但我不認為這是有意義的，因為我尚未將uwsgi連接到nginx）

我在一個無業游民的創建的virtualbox中運行，廚師和工廠進行所有典型的配置。

這是我將ssh插入計算機后的VM的路徑：

PATH="/opt/example/venvs/example/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/opt/vagrant_ruby/bin"

這是.wsgi文件（除了我為調試添加的打印路徑以外，其他都是相當標准的文件）：

import os
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "example.settings")

import sys
print sys.path

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
application = get_wsgi_application()

這是uwsgi ini文件（請注意我必須添加的所有各種pythonpath）：

[uwsgi]
#socket=/tmp/hs.com.sock
virtualenv=/opt/example/venv
chdir=/opt/example/apps/example/src
module=example.wsgi:application
master=true
workers=8
pidfile=/opt/example/apps/example/src/example/uwsgi-master.pid
max-requests=5000
#plugins=python
enable-threads=true
processes=2
no-site=true
http=:8003
#env=DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=example.settings
pythonpath=..
pythonpath=/vagrant/src
pythonpath=/opt/example/apps/example/src/example
pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7
pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2
pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/lib-old
pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/distutils
#pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/encodings
#pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/config
pythonpath=/usr/lib/python2.7/
pythonpath=/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/
pythonpath=/usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/
pythonpath=/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2/
pythonpath=/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/
#pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/
#pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/
pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management
#pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands
pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7
pythonpath=/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/site-packages
pythonpath=/vagrant/src/example

里面有這么多pythonpath的原因是因為該應用無法找到非常基本的模塊，因此我不斷添加路徑來使其解析。 這可以解決多個錯誤，但是1）我找不到上述Cmd attributerror的正確路徑，2）添加這些單獨路徑中的每條只是感覺不正確。

uwsgi輸出到'uwsgi --ini inifile'

[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from xxx
*** Starting uWSGI 1.9.15 (32bit) on [Fri Sep 13 18:12:44 2013] ***
compiled with version: 4.6.3 on 13 September 2013 06:46:44
os: Linux-3.2.0-23-generic-pae #36-Ubuntu SMP Tue Apr 10 22:19:09 UTC 2012
nodename: xxx
machine: i686
clock source: unix
detected number of CPU cores: 1
current working directory: /vagrant/src
writing pidfile to /opt/example/apps/example/src/example/uwsgi-master.pid
detected binary path: /opt/example/venvs/example/bin/uwsgi
your processes number limit is 1824
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
uWSGI http bound on localhost:8003 fd 4
uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 127.0.0.1:34622 (port auto-assigned) fd 3
Python version: 2.7.3 (default, Apr 10 2013, 06:03:17)  [GCC 4.6.3]
Set PythonHome to /opt/example/venv
Python main interpreter initialized at 0xa044e58
python threads support enabled
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 192012 bytes (187 KB) for 2 cores
*** Operational MODE: preforking ***
added ../ to pythonpath.
added /vagrant/src/ to pythonpath.
added /opt/example/apps/example/src/example/ to pythonpath.
added /opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/ to pythonpath.
added /opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2 to pythonpath.
added /opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/lib-tk to pythonpath.
added /opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/lib-old to pythonpath.
added /opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/ to pythonpath.
added /opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/distutils/ to pythonpath.
added /usr/lib/python2.7/ to pythonpath.
added /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/ to pythonpath.
added /usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/ to pythonpath.
added /usr/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2/ to pythonpath.
added /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/ to pythonpath.
added /opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/ to pythonpath.
added /opt/example/venvs/example/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ to pythonpath.
added /opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/ to pythonpath.
added /opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ to pythonpath.
added /vagrant/src/example/ to pythonpath.
['/vagrant/src/example/', '/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/site-packages/', '/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/', '/opt/example/venvs/example/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/', '/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/', '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/', '/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2/', '/usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/', '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/', '/usr/lib/python2.7/', '/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/distutils/', '/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/', '/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/lib-old', '/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/lib-tk', '/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2', '/opt/example/venvs/example/lib/python2.7/', '/opt/example/apps/example/src/example/', '/vagrant/src/', '../', '.', '', '/opt/example/venv/lib/python2.7/', '/opt/example/venv/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2', '/opt/example/venv/lib/python2.7/lib-tk', '/opt/example/venv/lib/python2.7/lib-old', '/opt/example/venv/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload', '/vagrant/src/example']
WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 0 seconds on interpreter 0xa044e58 pid: 2911 (default app)
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 2911)
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 2912, cores: 1)
spawned uWSGI worker 2 (pid: 2913, cores: 1)
spawned uWSGI http 1 (pid: 2914)

從另一個終端運行curl -v localhost：8003，我得到了上面發布的“ AttributeErrror ...”。 卷曲輸出為：

curl: (52) Empty reply from server
* Closing connection #0

這是我嘗試過的：

1. 使用最新的uWSGI版本1.9.15和LTS版本1.4.x
2. 在virtualenv內部和外部安裝uWSGI
3. django的runserver可以很好地為我的應用程序提供服務，我可以看到由於wsgi文件中的debug print sys.path語句而打印出的路徑，而這只是我在wsgi.ini文件中包含的路徑的一部分
4. 還從wsgi.py文件中打印出了runserver和uwsgi環境中的環境變量，我看不到任何重要的不同之處
5. uwsgi能夠毫無問題地提供基本的test.py應用程序文件，因此我相信可以消除任何安裝/設置問題
6. 嘗試使用sudo運行uwsgi

我還嘗試了一個基本的django應用程序（直接從startproject創建），並且還具有相同的attributeerror失敗，並且需要相同的pythonpath列表。

我一定缺少一些簡單的設置或配置...？ 讓我知道是否需要更多信息。

Edit1：這似乎不是特定於uWSGI，而是與virtualenv設置和路徑有關。 我安裝了gunicorn，結果完全一樣。

Answer 1

我認為您的uwsgi.ini文件缺少上的“ s”

virtualenv=/opt/example/venv