SQL左內聯接（mysql）

Question

我一直在使用以下查詢：

我正在使用兩個表：（提到了一些其他表，但此問題不需要）

assessment_criteria
+-------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field             | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+-------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id                | mediumint(9) | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| scheme_of_work_id | mediumint(9) | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| level             | char(255)    | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| criteria          | char(255)    | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
+-------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

criteria_completed
+------------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field                  | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id                     | mediumint(9) | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| student_ID             | mediumint(9) | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| assessment_criteria_id | mediumint(9) | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| date_marked            | date         | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| notes                  | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| attainment             | varchar(15)  | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| effort                 | varchar(15)  | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| marked_by              | varchar(20)  | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
+------------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

我使用這樣的查詢來顯示學生尚未完成的評估標准的列表：

SELECT DISTINCT assessment_criteria.id, assessment_criteria.level, assessment_criteria.criteria FROM assessment_criteria, criteria_completed  
WHERE (assessment_criteria.scheme_of_work_id = '17') 
AND (assessment_criteria.id NOT IN (SELECT criteria_completed.assessment_criteria_id FROM criteria_completed WHERE (student_ID = '403'))) 
ORDER BY level;

該查詢的運行速度變得異常慢，我一直在嘗試使用LEFT JOIN使其更快。

SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.level, a.criteria 
FROM assessment_criteria a
LEFT JOIN criteria_completed b
ON a.id = b.assessment_criteria_id
WHERE b.assessment_criteria_id IS NULL

但是，當我嘗試為項目和學生添加子句時，我沒有成功； 即。

SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.level, a.criteria 
FROM assessment_criteria a
LEFT JOIN criteria_completed b
ON a.id = b.assessment_criteria_id
WHERE b.assessment_criteria_id IS NULL
AND (b.student_ID = '403')
AND (a.scheme_of_work_id = '17');

mysql報告“空集”。 我懷疑我錯誤地引用了這些外鍵？

Answer 1

（僅確認一下，您正在使用b.assessment_criteria_id IS NULL來檢測失敗的聯接）

將表b上的過濾器應用於WHERE子句將過濾掉連接失敗的所有記錄，我相信這是問題的原因。

您可以嘗試將b過濾器移到JOIN條件：

SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.level, a.criteria 
FROM assessment_criteria a
LEFT JOIN criteria_completed b
  ON a.id = b.assessment_criteria_id
  AND (b.student_ID = 403)
WHERE b.assessment_criteria_id IS NULL
  AND (a.scheme_of_work_id = 17);

盡管個人而言，我不喜歡在JOIN中進行這樣的過濾 。 替代方法是：

SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.level, a.criteria 
FROM assessment_criteria a
LEFT JOIN criteria_completed b
  ON a.id = b.assessment_criteria_id
WHERE (a.scheme_of_work_id = 17)
   AND (b.assessment_criteria_id IS NULL OR b.student_ID = 403);