使用makefile編譯C ++項目時出現問題

Question

我在使用makefile編譯CS硬件時遇到問題。 它將在CodeBlocks中編譯，但不能在gcc中編譯...

->文件位於此處... https://github.com/ericmwalsh/cppSortedList

這些文件是...

SortedList.h

SortedList.cpp（包括SortedList.h）

PCTimer.h

fileListFunctions.cpp（包括PCTimer.h和SortedList.cpp）

testSortedList.cpp（包括fileListFunctions.cpp）

現在我知道我不應該相互包含cpp文件，但是由於某種原因我無法使用我的makefile：

testmake：SortedList.cpp fileListFunctions.cpp testSortedList.cpp
gcc -o testmake SortedList.cpp fileListFunctions.cpp testSortedList.cpp -I。

我得到的錯誤如下：

gcc -o testmake SortedList.cpp fileListFunctions.cpp testSortedList.cpp -I.
In file included from SortedList.cpp:9:
./SortedList.h:41:17: warning: in-class initialization of non-static data member is a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
    int capacity=45500, size=0;
                ^
./SortedList.h:41:29: warning: in-class initialization of non-static data member is a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
    int capacity=45500, size=0;
                            ^
SortedList.cpp:138:1: warning: control may reach end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
}
^
3 warnings generated.
In file included from fileListFunctions.cpp:10:
./PCTimer.h:32:9: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cerr'
        cerr << "attempt to start an already running stopwatch" << endl;
        ^
./PCTimer.h:32:68: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
        cerr << "attempt to start an already running stopwatch" << endl;
                                                                   ^
./PCTimer.h:43:9: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cerr'
        cerr << "attempt to stop a non-running stopwatch" << endl;
        ^
./PCTimer.h:43:62: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
        cerr << "attempt to stop a non-running stopwatch" << endl;
                                                             ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:12:38: error: unknown type name 'SortedArrayList'
void insertAllWords(char * fileName, SortedArrayList * inp){
                                     ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:15:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
    std::ifstream infile(fileName);
    ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:16:10: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
    for( std::string line; getline( infile, line ); ){
         ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:16:37: error: use of undeclared identifier 'infile'
    for( std::string line; getline( infile, line ); ){
                                    ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:18:9: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
        std::transform(line.begin(), line.end(), line.begin(), ::tolower);
        ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:21:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'infile'
    infile.close();
    ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:23:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cout'
    cout << "SortedArrayList: Time to insertAllWords from " << fileName << ": " << t.elapsedTime() << " secs" << endl;
    ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:23:114: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
    cout << "SortedArrayList: Time to insertAllWords from " << fileName << ": " << t.elapsedTime() << " secs" << endl;
                                                                                                                 ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:25:36: error: unknown type name 'SortedArrayList'
bool findAllWords(char * fileName, SortedArrayList * inp){
                                   ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:28:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
    std::ifstream infile(fileName);
    ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:29:10: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
    for( std::string line; getline( infile, line ); ){
         ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:29:37: error: use of undeclared identifier 'infile'
    for( std::string line; getline( infile, line ); ){
                                    ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:31:9: error: use of undeclared identifier 'std'
        std::transform(line.begin(), line.end(), line.begin(), ::tolower);
        ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:34:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'infile'
    infile.close();
    ^
fileListFunctions.cpp:36:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cout'
    cout << "SortedArrayList: Time to findAllWords from " << fileName << ": " << t.elapsedTime() << " secs" << endl;
    ^
fatal error: too many errors emitted, stopping now [-ferror-limit=]
20 errors generated.
testSortedList.cpp:12:5: error: unknown type name 'SortedArrayList'
    SortedArrayList * a = new SortedArrayList();
    ^
testSortedList.cpp:12:31: error: unknown type name 'SortedArrayList'
    SortedArrayList * a = new SortedArrayList();
                              ^
testSortedList.cpp:22:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cout'
    cout << endl << "AFTER REMOVALS:" << endl << endl;
    ^
testSortedList.cpp:22:13: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
    cout << endl << "AFTER REMOVALS:" << endl << endl;
            ^
testSortedList.cpp:22:42: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
    cout << endl << "AFTER REMOVALS:" << endl << endl;
                                         ^
testSortedList.cpp:22:50: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
    cout << endl << "AFTER REMOVALS:" << endl << endl;
                                                 ^
testSortedList.cpp:34:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cout'
    cout << endl << "AFTER INSERTS:" << endl << endl;
    ^
testSortedList.cpp:34:13: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
    cout << endl << "AFTER INSERTS:" << endl << endl;
            ^
testSortedList.cpp:34:41: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
    cout << endl << "AFTER INSERTS:" << endl << endl;
                                        ^
testSortedList.cpp:34:49: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
    cout << endl << "AFTER INSERTS:" << endl << endl;
                                                ^
testSortedList.cpp:39:5: error: unknown type name 'SortedLinkedList'
    SortedLinkedList * a = new SortedLinkedList();
    ^
testSortedList.cpp:39:32: error: unknown type name 'SortedLinkedList'
    SortedLinkedList * a = new SortedLinkedList();
                               ^
testSortedList.cpp:49:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cout'
    cout << endl << endl << "REMOVED AFTER THIS :" << endl << endl;
    ^
testSortedList.cpp:49:13: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
    cout << endl << endl << "REMOVED AFTER THIS :" << endl << endl;
            ^
testSortedList.cpp:49:21: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
    cout << endl << endl << "REMOVED AFTER THIS :" << endl << endl;
                    ^
testSortedList.cpp:49:55: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
    cout << endl << endl << "REMOVED AFTER THIS :" << endl << endl;
                                                      ^
testSortedList.cpp:49:63: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
    cout << endl << endl << "REMOVED AFTER THIS :" << endl << endl;
                                                              ^
testSortedList.cpp:57:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'cout'
    cout << "Beginning the testing with SortedArrayList..." << endl << endl;
    ^
testSortedList.cpp:57:64: error: use of undeclared identifier 'endl'
    cout << "Beginning the testing with SortedArrayList..." << endl << endl;
                                                               ^
fatal error: too many errors emitted, stopping now [-ferror-limit=]
20 errors generated.
make: *** [testmake] Error 1

Answer 1

您需要首先將所有相關文件(.cpp)編譯為對象(.o) 。 並將其與最終對象(main.o)以形成可執行文件。

看看如何制作一個簡單的C ++ Makefile？ 。

這會起作用，

#Declaration and Definition of Macros which are used in make 
CPP  = g++
OBJ = SortedList.o fileListFunctions.o testSortedList.o
INCS = -I"include" -I"include" -I"." 
BIN=testmake
CXXFLAGS=$(INCS) -O3 -Wall
RM = rm -f

.PHONY: all all-before all-after clean clean-custom

all: all-before $(BIN) all-after

clean: clean-custom
    ${RM} $(OBJ) $(BIN)

$(BIN): $(OBJ)
    $(CPP) $(OBJ) -o $(BIN) $(LIBS)

SortedList.o: SortedList.cpp
    $(CPP) -c SortedList.cpp -o $@ $(CXXFLAGS)

fileListFunctions.o: fileListFunctions.cpp
    $(CPP) -c fileListFunctions.cpp -o $@ $(CXXFLAGS)

testSortedList.o: testSortedList.cpp
    $(CPP) -c testSortedList.cpp -o $@ $(CXXFLAGS)