使用maven-dependency-plugin使用maven 3.1創建可運行的jar不會創建可運行的jar

Question

使用Maven 3.1
日蝕赫利俄斯

ASPEKT：

嘗試使用maven-jar / dependency-plugins創建可運行的jar文件。

問題：創建jar文件和依賴項后，當我嘗試使用命令啟動jar文件時出現NoCLassDefFoundErrors

  java -jar program.jar

但是類/文件可以在./dependency-jars文件夾中找到？？？ 我還嘗試了以下命令：

  java -cp ./dependency-jars -jar program.jar

這也不起作用。

題：

您知道jvm為什么找不到這些類嗎？ 怎么了？

pom.xml中：

<build>
    <finalName>program</finalName>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-eclipse-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.9</version>
            <configuration>
                <downloadSources>true</downloadSources>
                <downloadJavadocs>true</downloadJavadocs>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>${jdk.version}</source>
                <target>${jdk.version}</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
            <configuration>
                <archive>

                    <manifest>

                        <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                        <classpathPrefix>dependency-jars/</classpathPrefix>
                        <mainClass>de.test.MainCLass</mainClass>
                    </manifest>
                </archive>
                <outputDirectory>${package-target-folder}</outputDirectory>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.1</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>javadoc</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <id>create-javadoc</id>
                    <configuration>
                        <charset>UTF-8</charset>
                        <outputDirectory>${package-target-folder}/docs</outputDirectory>
                        <reportOutputDirectory>${package-target-folder}/docs</reportOutputDirectory>

                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.8</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <id>copy-dependencies</id>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <configuration>
                        <outputDirectory>${package-target-folder}/dependency-jars/</outputDirectory>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
                <execution>


                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>

    </plugins>
</build>

[UPDATE]

創建的MANIFEST.MF看起來像

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Built-By: ahausden
Build-Jdk: 1.7.0_25
Class-Path: dependency-jars/spring-core-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar dependency-j
ars/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar dependency-jars/spring-jdbc-4.0.0.RELEA
SE.jar dependency-jars/spring-beans-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar dependency-jars
/spring-tx-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar dependency-jars/spring-oxm-4.0.0.RELEASE
.jar dependency-jars/spring-batch-core-2.2.0.RELEASE.jar dependency-j
ars/xstream-1.3.jar dependency-jars/xpp3_min-1.1.4c.jar dependency-ja
rs/jettison-1.1.jar dependency-jars/spring-aop-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar depe
ndency-jars/spring-context-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar dependency-jars/spring-e
xpression-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar dependency-jars/spring-batch-infrastructu
re-2.2.0.RELEASE.jar dependency-jars/spring-retry-1.0.2.RELEASE.jar d
ependency-jars/spring-batch-test-2.2.0.RELEASE.jar dependency-jars/co
mmons-io-1.4.jar dependency-jars/commons-dbcp-1.2.2.jar dependency-ja
rs/commons-pool-1.3.jar dependency-jars/commons-collections-3.2.jar d
ependency-jars/spring-test-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar dependency-jars/javax.in
ject-1.jar dependency-jars/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar dependency-jars/sl
f4j-api-1.6.1.jar dependency-jars/log4j-1.2.16.jar dependency-jars/sp
ring-orm-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar dependency-jars/aopalliance-1.0.jar depend
ency-jars/mariadb-java-client-1.1.1.jar dependency-jars/hibernate-cor
e-4.3.1.Final.jar dependency-jars/jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar dependen
cy-jars/jboss-logging-annotations-1.2.0.Beta1.jar dependency-jars/jbo
ss-transaction-api_1.2_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar dependency-jars/dom4j-1.6
.1.jar dependency-jars/xml-apis-1.0.b2.jar dependency-jars/hibernate-
commons-annotations-4.0.4.Final.jar dependency-jars/hibernate-jpa-2.1
-api-1.0.0.Final.jar dependency-jars/javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar dependen
cy-jars/antlr-2.7.7.jar dependency-jars/jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar depend
ency-jars/hibernate-annotations-3.5.6-Final.jar dependency-jars/hiber
nate-commons-annotations-3.2.0.Final.jar dependency-jars/hibernate-jp
a-2.0-api-1.0.0.Final.jar dependency-jars/javassist-3.12.1.GA.jar dep
endency-jars/commons-cli-1.3-20140221.042048-103.jar
Created-By: Apache Maven 3.1.0
Main-Class: de.test.MainClass
Archiver-Version: Plexus Archiver

最后的“行”是作為行分隔符。 似乎MANIFEST.MF文件看起來有點損壞，不是嗎？

Answer 1

不知道發生了什么，但這是我的pom使用shade構建可運行jar的樣子：

 <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>${basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
                <includes>
                    <include>schema.xsd</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </resources>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <configuration>
                    <shadedArtifactAttached>true</shadedArtifactAttached>
                    <shadedClassifierName>stand-alone</shadedClassifierName>
                    <artifactSet>
                        <excludes>
                            <exclude>org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:</exclude>
                            <exclude>org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j12:jar:</exclude>
                            <exclude>org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:</exclude>
                            <exclude>commons-logging:commons-logging:jar:</exclude>
                            <exclude>commons-logging:commons-logging-api:jar:</exclude>
                        </excludes>
                    </artifactSet>
                    <filters>
                        <filter>
                            <artifact>*:*</artifact>
                            <excludes>
                                <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
                                <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
                                <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
                            </excludes>
                        </filter>
                    </filters>
                    <finalName>MyFinalRunnableJarName</finalName>
                    <transformers>
                        <transformer
                            implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                            <mainClass>class.with.main.Method</mainClass>
                        </transformer>
                        <transformer
                            implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                            <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
                        </transformer>
                        <transformer
                            implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                            <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
                        </transformer>
                    </transformers>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

Answer 2

嘗試提供清單文件中的條目：

Main-Class: YourClassWithMainMethod

也可以看這篇文章 。 因此，您可以手動進行設置並查看區別。

如果dependency-jars是目錄，請嘗試：

java -cp ./dependency-jars/* -jar program.jar

我仍然無法發表評論，因此請顯示這些NoCLassDefFoundErrors。 並且您是否嘗試過從Eclipse手動執行相同的jar文件並查看其中的區別？

您的清單中有依賴項dependency-jars / commons-cli-1.3-20140221.042048-103.jar，但您在目錄中寫有SNAPSHOT版本。 而且在Maven Central中只有commons-cli：commons-cli：20040117.000000。

@robermann請參閱這篇文章 （要工作，它應該用雙引號引起來）

Answer 3

最簡單的解決方案是使用maven-assembly-plugin，如下所示：

<project>
  [...]
  <build>
    [...]
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <!-- NOTE: We don't need a groupId specification because the group is
             org.apache.maven.plugins ...which is assumed by default.
         -->
        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.4</version>
        <configuration>
          <descriptorRefs>
            <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
          </descriptorRefs>
        </configuration>
        [...]
</project>

Answer 4

您確定在命令行啟動的Java版本等於或大於編譯時maven使用的Java版本嗎？ 試試java -version

Answer 5

通過命令行，轉到“ dependency-jars”的父目錄並運行： java -jar program.jar

Answer 6

好的，我解決了第二個/更新的問題：

我首先開始使用eclipse和maven插件來創建可運行的jar文件。 這存在所描述的問題。

畢竟，我嘗試從控制台應用程序使用maven 3.1，並且畢竟它可以工作。 看來Eclipse Maven插件有一些問題。

Answer 7

使用此命令可以創建任何Maven項目的jar文件。

mvn clean編譯安裝