在bash腳本中使用中間的父“..”目錄規范化路徑

Question

我有一個存儲在bash變量中的路徑列表，如下所示

>>> MY_PATHS= ../Some/Path/ ../Some/Other/../Path/

我想要一個唯一的相對路徑列表，但由於第二個路徑中使用的“..”父目錄，我不能只將它們傳遞給uniq 。

是否有標准的linux方法來規范化目錄路徑？

我想要的結果是這樣的：

>>> echo $MY_UNIQUE_PATHS
../Some/Path/

Answer 1

似乎python的relpath可以為我做這一切......

#!/usr/bin/python
import sys, os, pipes
paths = sys.argv[1:]                 #arguments are a list of paths
paths = map(os.path.relpath, paths)  #"normalize" and convert to a relative path
paths = set(paths)                   #remove duplicates
paths = map(pipes.quote, paths)      #for filenames with spaces etc
print " ".join(paths)                #print result

例子：

>>> normpath ../Some/Path/ ../Some/Other/../Path/
../Some/Path
>>> normpath ../Some/Path/ ../Some/Other/../Different\ Path/
'../Some/Different Path' ../Some/Path

如果需要絕對路徑， relpath用abspath替換abspath 。

謝謝，@ devnull！

Answer 2

這是一個只在bash中的版本，除了打印相對路徑之外，它仍然使用python的神奇relpath函數（參見本文 ）。

注意：路徑必須存在，否則realpath失敗:(

#!/usr/bin/bash

IFS=$'\r\n' #so the arrays abspaths and relpaths are created with just newlines

#expand to absolute paths and remove duplicates
abspaths=($(for p in "$@"; do realpath "$p"; done | sort | uniq))
printf "%q " "${abspaths[@]}" #use printf to escape spaces etc
echo #newline after the above printf

#use python to get relative paths
relpath(){ python -c "import os.path; print os.path.relpath('$1','${2:-$PWD}')" ; } 
relpaths=($(for p in "${abspaths[@]}"; do relpath "$p"; done))
printf "%q " "${relpaths[@]}"
echo