如何在bash腳本中創建動態變量數組名稱並用多行文本填充它

Question

我需要為某些數組創建一個動態變量名，並用多行文本填充它。

我實際上是這樣的：

#!/bin/bash

IFS=$'\n'
# Set an array with 1 item
ARRAY=("Item1")
# Get a description for the last item from a simple text file
DESCRIPTION=("$(cat test1.txt)")
# Get the number of items in the array
ARRAY_ITEMS_COUNT=${#ARRAY[@]}
# Create a variable name containing the number of items in the array as identifier
# and fill it with the description
eval ARRAY_ITEM${ARRAY_ITEMS_COUNT}_DESCRIPTION="(\"${DESCRIPTION[@]}\")"

# Display some results
echo "ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[@] = \"${ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[@]}\""
echo "ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[0] = \"${ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[0]}\""
echo "ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[1] = \"${ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[1]}\""

echo

# Same as above with a different text file
ARRAY=("Item1" "Item2")
DESCRIPTION=("$(cat test2.txt)")
ARRAY_ITEMS_COUNT=${#ARRAY[@]}

# Get an error here due to the ' character used in the text file
eval ARRAY_ITEM${ARRAY_ITEMS_COUNT}_DESCRIPTION="(\"${DESCRIPTION[@]}\")"

echo "ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[@] = \"${ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[@]}\""
echo "ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[0] = \"${ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[0]}\""
echo "ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[1] = \"${ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[1]}\""

文件“ test1.txt”和“ test2.txt”如下：

test1.txt的

Simple text file with multi-lines used as
a test without special characters inside.

的test2.txt

Simple text file with multi-lines used as
a test with single ' and double " quotes.

預期結果 ：

ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[@] = "Simple text file with multi-lines used as
a test without special characters inside."
ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[0] = "Simple text file with multi-lines used as"
ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[1] = "a test without special characters inside."

ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[@] = "Simple text file with multi-lines used as
a test with single ' and double " quotes."
ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[0] = "Simple text file with multi-lines used as"
ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[1] = "a test with single ' and double " quotes."

當前結果：

ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[@] = "Simple text file with multi-lines used as
a test without special characters inside."
ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[0] = "Simple text file with multi-lines used as
a test without special characters inside."
ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[1] = ""

./test.sh: eval: line 28: unexpected EOF while looking for matching `"'
./test.sh: eval: line 29: syntax error: unexpected end of file
ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[@] = ""
ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[0] = ""
ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[1] = ""

我嘗試了很多事情，但是它並沒有給我帶來什么期望，所以有人可以幫助我解決我在那里遇到的兩個問題：

• 如何獲取包含每個索引上文本文件的每一行的適當數組
• 即使在文本中使用引號字符也如何使其工作

編輯 ：工作解決方案（bash版本> 4）是：

#!/bin/bash

# Set an array with 1 item
ARRAY=("Item1")
# Get the number of items in the array
ARRAY_ITEMS_COUNT=${#ARRAY[@]}
# Create a variable name containing the number of items in the array as identifier
# and fill it with the description
readarray -t "ARRAY_ITEM${ARRAY_ITEMS_COUNT}_DESCRIPTION" < test1.txt

# Display some results
echo "ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[@] = \"${ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[@]}\""
echo "ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[0] = \"${ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[0]}\""
echo "ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[1] = \"${ARRAY_ITEM1_DESCRIPTION[1]}\""

echo

# Same as above with a different text file
ARRAY=("Item1" "Item2")
ARRAY_ITEMS_COUNT=${#ARRAY[@]}

# Get an error here due to the ' character used in the text file
readarray -t ARRAY_ITEM${ARRAY_ITEMS_COUNT}_DESCRIPTION < test2.txt

echo "ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[@] = \"${ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[@]}\""
echo "ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[0] = \"${ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[0]}\""
echo "ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[1] = \"${ARRAY_ITEM2_DESCRIPTION[1]}\""

感謝您的幫助，祝您有美好的一天。

誹謗

Answer 1

在數組分配中調用cat ，如果希望逐行讀取文件，則不要引用它。 因為如果這樣做，文件的內容將被視為一個字符串/一行。 因此不會逐行讀取。 你試一試：

DESCRIPTION=($(cat test1.txt))

另外，如果您使用的是Bash版本4，則可以使用bash內置命令readarray生成一個數組：

readarray -t DESCRIPTION < "test1.txt"

對於Bash版本<4，這可以替代cat和readarray ：

IFS=$'\n' read -d -r -a DESCRIPTION < "test1.txt"