如何在OSX 10.9.3上安裝命令行工具？

Question

我找到了以下命令： xcode-select --install 。 但是，如果我運行它，則會得到：

Usage: xcode-select -print-path
   or: xcode-select -switch <xcode_folder_path>
   or: xcode-select -version
Arguments:
   -print-path                     Prints the path of the current Xcode folder
   -switch <xcode_folder_path>     Sets the path for the current Xcode folder
   -version                        Prints xcode-select version information

不是安裝過程。 XCode是5.1.1。

如果我在XCode中打開首選項，似乎一切都已安裝。

我嘗試從https://developer.apple.com/downloads/index.action# （山獅的軟件包從4月，3月和10月）下載“命令行工具”，但是當我分別運行它們時，我收到此錯誤消息： 所以目前，我不知道該如何安裝或如何安裝它。

問題是，當我在Rails應用程序中運行bundle update時，出現錯誤消息

You have to install development tools first.

現在如何進行？

編輯：我設法從軟件包中安裝了命令行工具，但是當我運行然后進行gem安裝時，錯誤仍然相同：

You have to install development tools first.

我測試了是否按以下方式安裝了命令行工具：

xcode-select -print-path
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer

xcode-select -version
xcode-select version 2003.

sudo xcode-select -switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer

但這應該意味着它已經安裝了，對吧？ 但是，當我嘗試安裝gem時，仍然會遺漏您必須首先安裝開發工具的路線。

** EDIT2：當我運行Brew醫生時，我得到了（我想可能存在連接）：

Warning: Setting DYLD_* vars can break dynamic linking.
Set variables:
    DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH

Warning: You have an outdated version of /usr/bin/install_name_tool installed.
This will cause binary package installations to fail.
This can happen if you install osx-gcc-installer or RailsInstaller.
To restore it, you must reinstall OS X or restore the binary from
the OS packages.

Warning: "config" scripts exist outside your system or Homebrew directories.
`./configure` scripts often look for *-config scripts to determine if
software packages are installed, and what additional flags to use when
compiling and linking.

Having additional scripts in your path can confuse software installed via
Homebrew if the config script overrides a system or Homebrew provided
script of the same name. We found the following "config" scripts:

    /opt/ImageMagick/bin/Magick++-config
    /opt/ImageMagick/bin/Magick-config
    /opt/ImageMagick/bin/MagickCore-config
    /opt/ImageMagick/bin/MagickWand-config
    /opt/ImageMagick/bin/Wand-config

Warning: Your XQuartz (2.7.4) is outdated
Please install XQuartz 2.7.6:
  https://xquartz.macosforge.org

Warning: You seem to have osx-gcc-installer installed.
Homebrew doesn't support osx-gcc-installer. It causes many builds to fail and
is an unlicensed distribution of really old Xcode files.
Please run `xcode-select --install` to install the CLT.

Warning: Unbrewed dylibs were found in /usr/local/lib.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected dylibs:
    /usr/local/lib/libMagickCore-6.Q8.1.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libMagickWand-6.Q8.1.dylib

Warning: Unbrewed .la files were found in /usr/local/lib.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected .la files:
    /usr/local/lib/libMagickCore-6.Q8.la
    /usr/local/lib/libMagickWand-6.Q8.la

Warning: Unbrewed .pc files were found in /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected .pc files:
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/ImageMagick-6.Q8.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/ImageMagick.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/MagickCore-6.Q8.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/MagickCore.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/MagickWand-6.Q8.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/MagickWand.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/Wand-6.Q8.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/Wand.pc

Warning: You have unlinked kegs in your Cellar
Leaving kegs unlinked can lead to build-trouble and cause brews that depend on
those kegs to fail to run properly once built. Run `brew link` on these:

    libpng

Answer 1

如果您已經安裝了開發工具，並且選擇了正確的版本，但是仍然出現錯誤，則可以嘗試按照以下步驟為我修復的錯誤：

1. 從App Store下載OS X安裝（對我來說，它在/Applications/Install\\ OS\\ X\\ Yosemite.app ）。
2. 打開InstallESD.dmg映像： open /Applications/Install\\ OS\\ X\\ Yosemite.app/Contents/SharedSupport/InstallESD.dmg 。
3. 在“ 軟件包”文件夾中查找Essentials.pkg 。
4. 運行Essentials安裝。

警告：請注意，重新安裝操作系統的某些部分可能會破壞它，我對此不承擔任何責任，因此請在備份之前進行備份:-) ！！！

或者，您可以購買軟件（例如AnyToIso或Pacifist ），然后僅提取所需的文件。

更新：提取的文件可以在Clinic的GitHub repo上找到 。