如何在python中將字符串轉換為json？

Question

當我這樣做時，我有一個從git獲取的字符串

> git show xxxx | head -3

commit 34343asdfasdf343434asdfasdfas
Author: John Doe <john@doe.com>
Date:   Wed Jun 25 09:51:49 2014 +0800

我需要使用python將輸出到控制台的此字符串轉換為json格式，因此格式應為（我在腳本中編寫）

{'commit': '34343asdfasd343adfas', 'Author': 'john doe', 'date': 'wed jun 25'} 

目前，我正在嘗試手動按字符串中的第一個空格進行拆分。

Answer 1

這適用於您的示例：

>>> txt='''\
... commit 34343asdfasdf343434asdfasdfas
... Author: John Doe <john@doe.com>
... Date:   Wed Jun 25 09:51:49 2014 +0800'''
>>> json.dumps({k:v for k,v in re.findall(r'^([^\s]+)\s+(.+?)$', txt, re.M)})
{"commit": "34343asdfasdf343434asdfasdfas", "Date:": "Wed Jun 25 09:51:49 2014 +0800", "Author:": "John Doe <john@doe.com>"}

如果您有git...部分，則將其拆分：

>>> json.dumps({k:v for k,v in re.findall(r'^([^\s]+)\s+(.+?)$', 
                           txt.partition('\n\n')[2], re.M)})

如果您想松開:只需更改正則表達式捕獲組即可：

>>> json.dumps({k:v for k,v in re.findall(r'^(\w+):?\s+(.+?)$', 
                          txt.partition('\n\n')[2], re.M)})
{"Date": "Wed Jun 25 09:51:49 2014 +0800", "commit": "34343asdfasdf343434asdfasdfas", "Author": "John Doe <john@doe.com>"}

如果您要丟失電子郵件地址，請執行以下操作：

>>> json.dumps({k:v for k,v in re.findall(r'^(\w+):?\s+(.+?)(?:\s*<[^>]*>)?$', 
                     txt.partition('\n\n')[2], re.M)})
{"Date": "Wed Jun 25 09:51:49 2014 +0800", 
 "commit": "34343asdfasdf343434asdfasdfas", "Author": "John Doe"}

Answer 2

嘗試遵循值的確切格式

OP要求一些定制值，這些值不是刪除標簽字后剩下的確切值。 為此，我們必須逐行處理。

接受文本輸入並將其分成幾行：

>>> text = """commit 34343asdfasdf343434asdfasdfas
... Author: John Doe <john@doe.com>
... Date:   Wed Jun 25 09:51:49 2014 +0800"""
...
>>> lines = text.split("\n")
>>> lines
['commit 34343asdfasdf343434asdfasdfas',
 'Author: John Doe <john@doe.com>',
 'Date:   Wed Jun 25 09:51:49 2014 +0800']

假定行的固定順序並逐步進行處理：

>>> dct = {}
>>> dct["commit"] = lines[0].split()[1]
>>> dct["Author"] = lines[1].split(": ")[1].split(" <")[0]
>>> dct["Date"] = " ".join(lines[2].split(": ")[1].split()[:3])

創建最終字典：

>>> dct
{'Author': 'John Doe',
 'Date': 'Wed Jun 25',
 'commit': '34343asdfasdf343434asdfasdfas'}

可以轉儲為字符串：

>>> import json
>>> json.dumps(dct)
'{"Date": "Wed Jun 25", "commit": "34343asdfasdf343434asdfasdfas", "Author": "John Doe"}'

Answer 3

import subprocess
results = subproccess.Popen("git show xxxx | head -3",stdout=subprocess.PIPE,shell=True).communicate()[0].strip()
data = {}
for line in results.splitlines():
     key,value = line.split(" ",1)
     data[re.sub("[^a-zA-Z]","",key)] = value
json.dumps(data)