如何在Linux中比較兩個乳膠文件？

Question

我需要將New.tex http://pastebin.com/PCafGYwG與Old.tex http://pastebin.com/jRU8rhhV進行比較，如果相同IP中的兩個文檔中都存在相同漏洞，則需要輸出。

例如：兩個文件的IP地址均為10.1.2.3。

新特克斯

 \subsection {Summary of security vulnerabilities found on the host with IP address 10.1.2.3}
\begin{center}
\begin{longtable}{|p{0.2in}|p{0.5in}|p{4in}|p{0.4in}|} \hline
\textit{\textbf{No}} &\textit{\textbf{Severity level}} & \textit{\textbf{Vulnerability name}} & \textit{\textbf{More}} \\ \hline
     1  & \cellcolor{Red}High& DNS Server Cache Snooping Remote Information Disclosure  & \href{http://www.rootsecure.net/content/downloads/pdf/dns\_cache\_snooping.pdf}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     2  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & SSL Certificate with Wrong Hostname  & \href{http://www.tenable.com/plugins/index.php?view=single&id=45411}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     3  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & SSL Self-Signed Certificate  & \href{http://www.tenable.com/plugins/index.php?view=single&id=57582}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     4  & \cellcolor{SkyBlue}Low & SSL RC4 Cipher Suites Supported  & \href{http://www.nessus.org/u?217a3666}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\
\end{longtable}
\end{center}
.............
.....................
...

舊文本

.............
.......
......................
 \subsection {Summary of security vulnerabilities found on the host with IP address 10.1.2.3}
\begin{center}
\begin{longtable}{|p{0.2in}|p{0.5in}|p{4in}|p{0.4in}|} \hline
\textit{\textbf{No}} &\textit{\textbf{Severity level}} & \textit{\textbf{Vulnerability name}} & \textit{\textbf{More}} \\ \hline
     1  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & DNS Server Cache Snooping Remote Information Disclosure  & \href{http://www.rootsecure.net/content/downloads/pdf/dns\_cache\_snooping.pdf}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     2  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & SSL Certificate Cannot Be Trusted  & \href{http://www.tenable.com/plugins/index.php?view=single&id=51192}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     3  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & SSL Certificate with Wrong Hostname  & \href{http://www.tenable.com/plugins/index.php?view=single&id=45411}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     4  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & SSL Self-Signed Certificate  & \href{http://www.tenable.com/plugins/index.php?view=single&id=57582}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
\end{longtable}
\end{center}
..............
.......
...........

在這種情況下，

兩者都具有漏洞=“ DNS服務器緩存偵聽遠程信息披露”“具有錯誤主機名的SSL證書”“ SSL自簽名證書”

我需要輸出

僅漏洞摘要如下

\subsection {Summary of security vulnerabilities found on the host with IP address 10.1.2.3}
\begin{center}
\begin{longtable}{|p{0.2in}|p{0.5in}|p{4in}|p{0.4in}|} \hline
\textit{\textbf{No}} &\textit{\textbf{Severity level}} & \textit{\textbf{Vulnerability name}} & \textit{\textbf{More}} \\ \hline
     1  & \cellcolor{Red}Medium & DNS Server Cache Snooping Remote Information Disclosure  & \href{http://www.rootsecure.net/content/downloads/pdf/dns\_cache\_snooping.pdf}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     2  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & SSL Certificate with Wrong Hostname  & \href{http://www.tenable.com/plugins/index.php?view=single&id=45411}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     3  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & SSL Self-Signed Certificate  & \href{http://www.tenable.com/plugins/index.php?view=single&id=57582}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
\end{longtable}
\end{center}

如何在Linux上使用bash腳本，awk，sed或任何其他方法來實現此目的？

Answer 1

您可以使用diff命令或diffuse GUI工具比較兩個文件：

diff Old.tex New.tex

要么

diffuse Old.tex New.tex

為了進行更深入的分析，我建議編寫一個簡短的python（或perl）腳本，在其中讀取兩個文件，找到您感興趣的行，進行比較，並進行所需的替換。

Answer 2

最簡單的方法是在第一行中查找要搜索的唯一文本，然后使用grep定位該行，並添加-A8來捕獲接下來的8行上下文。 在您的情況下，可能會執行以下操作：

grep -A8 {Summary\ of\ security\ vulnerabilities filename

假設單詞組合對於漏洞行是唯一的，那么您將獲得上面指示的行。