Spring-Batch 沒有將元數據持久化到數據庫？

Question

我想創建一個spring-batch作業，但我想在沒有任何數據庫持久性的情況下運行它。 不幸的是，spring-batch 需要以某種方式將作業周期的metadata寫入數據庫，從而促使我至少提供某種帶有事務管理器和實體管理器的數據庫。

是否可以阻止元數據並獨立於 txmanagers 和數據庫運行？

更新：

ERROR org.springframework.batch.core.job.AbstractJob: Encountered fatal error executing job
java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.springframework.batch.core.repository.dao.MapJobExecutionDao.synchronizeStatus(MapJobExecutionDao.java:158) ~[spring-batch-core-3.0.1.RELEASE.jar:3.0.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.repository.support.SimpleJobRepository.update(SimpleJobRepository.java:161) ~[spring-batch-core-3.0.1.RELEASE.jar:3.0.1.RELEASE]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[?:1.7.0_51]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) ~[?:1.7.0_51]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[?:1.7.0_51]
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) ~[?:1.7.0_51]
    at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:317) ~[spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:190) ~[spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157) ~[spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor$1.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:98) ~[spring-tx-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:262) ~[spring-tx-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:95) ~[spring-tx-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) ~[spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:207) ~[spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy134.update(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[?:1.7.0_51]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) ~[?:1.7.0_51]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[?:1.7.0_51]
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) ~[?:1.7.0_51]
    at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:317) ~[spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:190) ~[spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157) ~[spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.SimpleBatchConfiguration$PassthruAdvice.invoke(SimpleBatchConfiguration.java:127) ~[spring-batch-core-3.0.1.RELEASE.jar:3.0.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) ~[spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:207) ~[spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy134.update(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.job.AbstractJob.updateStatus(AbstractJob.java:416) ~[spring-batch-core-3.0.1.RELEASE.jar:3.0.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.job.AbstractJob.execute(AbstractJob.java:299) [spring-batch-core-3.0.1.RELEASE.jar:3.0.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.launch.support.SimpleJobLauncher$1.run(SimpleJobLauncher.java:135) [spring-batch-core-3.0.1.RELEASE.jar:3.0.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.core.task.SyncTaskExecutor.execute(SyncTaskExecutor.java:50) [spring-core-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.launch.support.SimpleJobLauncher.run(SimpleJobLauncher.java:128) [spring-batch-core-3.0.1.RELEASE.jar:3.0.1.RELEASE]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[?:1.7.0_51]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) ~[?:1.7.0_51]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[?:1.7.0_51]
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) ~[?:1.7.0_51]
    at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:317) [spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:190) [spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157) [spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.SimpleBatchConfiguration$PassthruAdvice.invoke(SimpleBatchConfiguration.java:127) [spring-batch-core-3.0.1.RELEASE.jar:3.0.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) [spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:207) [spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar:4.0.6.RELEASE]
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy50.run(Unknown Source) [?:?]

Answer 1

只需為批處理配置創建一個沒有數據源的配置：

@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@EnableBatchProcessing
public class BatchConfiguration extends DefaultBatchConfigurer {

    @Override
    public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
        // override to do not set datasource even if a datasource exist.
        // initialize will use a Map based JobRepository (instead of database)
    }

}

它將使用基於內存映射的實現來初始化 JobRepository 和 JobExplorer。 https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-batch/blob/342d27bc1ed83312bdcd9c0cb30510f4c469e47d/spring-batch-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/batch/core/configuration/annotation/DefaultBatchConfigurer.java#L84

即使使用 spring 啟動自動配置，您也可以使用您的生產數據源。

Answer 2

我想在沒有任何數據庫持久性的情況下運行它

您可以使用MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean和ResourcelessTransactionManager

示例配置：

<bean id="transactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.batch.support.transaction.ResourcelessTransactionManager" />

<bean id="jobRepository"
    class="org.springframework.batch.core.repository.support.MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean">
    <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
</bean>

<bean id="jobLauncher"
    class="org.springframework.batch.core.launch.support.SimpleJobLauncher">
    <property name="jobRepository" ref="jobRepository" />
</bean>

對於 Spring 4.X，基於注解的配置如下：

@Bean
public PlatformTransactionManager getTransactionManager() {
    return new ResourcelessTransactionManager();
}

@Bean
public JobRepository getJobRepo() {
    return new MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean(getTransactionManager()).getObject();
}

Answer 3

調整@Braj 的答案后，我的工作配置如下所示：

@Bean
public ResourcelessTransactionManager transactionManager() {
    return new ResourcelessTransactionManager();
}

@Bean
public JobRepository jobRepository(ResourcelessTransactionManager transactionManager) throws Exception {
    MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean mapJobRepositoryFactoryBean = new MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean(transactionManager);
    mapJobRepositoryFactoryBean.setTransactionManager(transactionManager);
    return mapJobRepositoryFactoryBean.getObject();
}

@Bean
public SimpleJobLauncher jobLauncher(JobRepository jobRepository) {
    SimpleJobLauncher simpleJobLauncher = new SimpleJobLauncher();
    simpleJobLauncher.setJobRepository(jobRepository);
    return simpleJobLauncher;
}

Answer 4

我回到我自己的問題，因為該解決方案不再有效。 從 spring-batch-1.5.3 開始，使用如下：

@SpringBootApplication(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})
...
    @Bean
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        return new ResourcelessTransactionManager();
    }
}

Answer 5

如果不想在數據庫中存儲作業的元數據，配置如下

@Configuration
public class InMemoryJobRepositoryConfiguration {
@Bean
public ResourcelessTransactionManager transactionManager() {
    return new ResourcelessTransactionManager();
}

@Bean
public MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean mapJobRepositoryFactory(ResourcelessTransactionManager transactionManager)
        throws Exception {
    MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean factory = new MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean(transactionManager);
    factory.afterPropertiesSet();
    return factory;
}

@Bean
public JobRepository jobRepository(MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean repositoryFactory) throws Exception {
    return repositoryFactory.getObject();
}

@Bean
public JobExplorer jobExplorer(MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean repositoryFactory) {
    return new SimpleJobExplorer(repositoryFactory.getJobInstanceDao(), repositoryFactory.getJobExecutionDao(),
            repositoryFactory.getStepExecutionDao(), repositoryFactory.getExecutionContextDao());
}

@Bean
public SimpleJobLauncher jobLauncher(JobRepository jobRepository) {
    SimpleJobLauncher launcher = new SimpleJobLauncher();
    launcher.setJobRepository(jobRepository);
    return launcher;
}
}

如果job需要讀寫業務數據到數據庫，數據源配置如下。

@Autowired
private DataSource dataSource;

spring batch 使用該數據源創建內部模式（BATCH_* 表和序列）。 為了防止這種情況發生，在 application.properties 中設置標志spring.batch.initializer.enabled=false 。

Answer 6

我嘗試了上述所有解決方案，但它不適用於我的特定場景，因為我的 spring 批處理作業具有多線程等高級功能。 它需要一個數據庫。 所以這是我為解決問題所做的工作：

@Configuration
public class FakeBatchConfig implements BatchConfigurer {

  PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;
  JobRepository jobRepository;
  JobLauncher jobLauncher;
  JobExplorer jobExplorer;

  @Override
  public JobRepository getJobRepository() {
    return jobRepository;
  }

  @Override
  public PlatformTransactionManager getTransactionManager() {
    return transactionManager;
  }

  @Override
  public JobLauncher getJobLauncher() {
    return jobLauncher;
  }

  @Override
  public JobExplorer getJobExplorer() {
    return jobExplorer;
  }

  @PostConstruct
  void initialize() throws Exception {

    if (this.transactionManager == null) {
      this.transactionManager = new ResourcelessTransactionManager();
    }

    MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean jobRepositoryFactory = new MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean(this.transactionManager);
    jobRepositoryFactory.afterPropertiesSet();
    this.jobRepository = jobRepositoryFactory.getObject();

    MapJobExplorerFactoryBean jobExplorerFactory = new MapJobExplorerFactoryBean(jobRepositoryFactory);
    jobExplorerFactory.afterPropertiesSet();
    this.jobExplorer = jobExplorerFactory.getObject();
    this.jobLauncher = createJobLauncher();
  }

  private JobLauncher createJobLauncher() throws Exception {
    SimpleJobLauncher jobLauncher = new SimpleJobLauncher();
    jobLauncher.setJobRepository(jobRepository);
    jobLauncher.afterPropertiesSet();
    return jobLauncher;
  }

}

Answer 7

除了@Braj-s 響應之外，我還必須排除批量自動配置： @SpringBootApplication(exclude = {BatchAutoConfiguration.class})

否則它無法正常工作。 這包括 Spring Boot 應用程序

Answer 8

在閱讀了所有提供的答案后，我得到了它的工作。 我混合使用了membersound 和Aure77 解決方案。 我發現不需要覆蓋 setDataSource 方法。 DefaultBatchConfigurer 會自動處理 PlatformTransactionManager 並且不需要 DataSource。 請注意我使用的是 Spring Boot 2.0.3.RELEASE。 以下是我使用的方法

@SpringBootApplication(exclude = { DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class })
@EnableBatchProcessing
public class DemoApplication extends DefaultBatchConfigurer {

    @Autowired
    private JobBuilderFactory jobs;

    @Autowired
    private StepBuilderFactory steps;

    @Bean
    protected Tasklet tasklet() {

        return new Tasklet() {
            @Override
            public RepeatStatus execute(StepContribution contribution, ChunkContext context) {
                return RepeatStatus.FINISHED;
            }
        };
    }

    @Bean
    public Job job() throws Exception {
        return this.jobs.get("job").start(step1()).build();
    }

    @Bean
    protected Step step1() throws Exception {
        return this.steps.get("step1").tasklet(tasklet()).build();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //System.exit(SpringApplication.exit(SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args)));
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }
}

Answer 9

最簡單的是將嵌入式數據庫添加到類路徑。 自然不推薦在生產中使用，但如果您使用它來學習，請節省時間。

將嵌入的 H2 數據庫依賴項添加到 pom.xml：

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
    <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

就這樣。

Answer 10

可以進行以下更改以使用 Spring Batch，而無需創建與 Spring Batch 相關的元數據數據庫結構。

這對我有用：

1. 添加了ResourcelessTransactionManager類型的 bean 並配置了MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean 。
2. 使用配置的 bean MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean創建了一個SimpleJoblauncher bean。
3. 在@EnableBatchProcessing下面添加了注釋@SpringBootApplication 。
4. 要覆蓋默認我不得不添加spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding=true在application.properties 。