錯誤：無法構建安裝rubygems的gem本機擴展消息（Linux）

Question

我正在通過rails教程atm。 （我是初學者，所以請耐心等待。）

正如您在下面看到的，當我嘗試使用'bundle install'安裝rubygems時，我收到錯誤消息，說我需要確保'gem install json -v'1.8.1'成功再次嘗試之前。

但是當我嘗試和sudo gem install json -v'1.8.1'時，我得到了

---

。

如果我問一個愚蠢的問題，或者我遺漏了任何必要的信息，請告訴我。 我是新手 - CodeAcademy＆RailsForZombies是我所知的范圍。

ben@ben-X551CA ~/first_rails_project/bens_first_app $ bundle install
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/..........
Resolving dependencies...
Using rake 10.3.2
Using i18n 0.6.11
Using minitest 4.7.5
Using multi_json 1.10.1
Using thread_safe 0.3.4
Using tzinfo 0.3.41
Using activesupport 4.0.8
Using builder 3.1.4
Using erubis 2.7.0
Using rack 1.5.2
Using rack-test 0.6.2
Using actionpack 4.0.8
Using mime-types 1.25.1
Using polyglot 0.3.5
Using treetop 1.4.15
Using mail 2.5.4
Using actionmailer 4.0.8
Using activemodel 4.0.8
Using activerecord-deprecated_finders 1.0.3
Using arel 4.0.2
Using activerecord 4.0.8
Using bundler 1.7.2
Using coffee-script-source 1.8.0
Using execjs 2.2.1
Using coffee-script 2.3.0
Using thor 0.19.1
Using railties 4.0.8
Using coffee-rails 4.0.1
Using hike 1.2.3
Using jbuilder 1.0.2
Using jquery-rails 3.0.4


Your user account isn't allowed to install to the system Rubygems.
You can cancel this installation and run:

bundle install --path vendor/bundle


to install the gems into ./vendor/bundle/, or you can enter your password
and install the bundled gems to Rubygems using sudo.

Password: 

Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb 


/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError) from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:inrequire'
    from extconf.rb:1:in `'

Gem files will remain installed in /tmp/bundler20140908-2757-18q0kfn/json-1.8.1/gems/json-1.8.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /tmp/bundler20140908-2757-18q0kfn/json-1.8.1/gems/json-1.8.1/ext/json/ext/generator/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing json (1.8.1), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that gem install json -v '1.8.1' succeeds before bundling.

ben@ben-X551CA ~/first_rails_project/bens_first_app $ gem install json -v '1.8.1'
ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError)
    You don't have write permissions into the /var/lib/gems/1.9.1 directory.
ben@ben-X551CA ~/first_rails_project/bens_first_app $ sudo gem install json -v '1.8.1'
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing json:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

 /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb

/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError) from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in require'from extconf.rb：1：in`

Gem文件將保留在/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/json-1.8.1中以供檢查。 結果記錄到/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/json-1.8.1/ext/json/ext/generator/gem_make.out ben @ ben-X551CA~ / first_rails_project / bens_first_app $

Answer 1

所以運行這個對我有用：

sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev

假設需要-dev包？

Answer 2

如果@BenLawton的答案不起作用試試這個（在Ubuntu 16.04上為我工作）：

sudo apt-get install ruby-full

https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/documentation/installation/#apt