使用 Tkinter 時出現致命的 python 錯誤（pygame 降落傘）分段錯誤

Question

我在pygame和python 2.7制作了小游戲，並用Tkinter添加了提交框。

它工作正常，直到我用py2exe / pygame2exe編譯它。

編譯沒有錯誤。

但是當我點擊 exe 文件來啟動應用程序時，編譯代碼拋出了這個錯誤：

    fatal python error (pygame parachute) Segmentation Fault
    This application has terminated in unusal way for more 
    information contact application support team.

當我刪除 Tkinter 代碼並編譯它時，它運行良好。

這是Tkinter代碼的一部分：

    #i tried importing both with import Tkinter and from Tkinter import*


    if event.key==pygame.K_s:
        subbox=Tkinter.Tk()
        subbox_label=Tkinter.Label(subbox,text="Type your name:")
        subbox_label.pack()
        subbox_entry=Tkinter.Entry(subbox)
        subbox_entry.pack()
        def savescore(a):
            a=str(a)
            print a
            print subbox_entry.get()
            player_name=subbox_entry.get()
            player_score=a
        subbox_button=Tkinter.Button(text="Click",command=lambda:savescore(score))
        subbox_button.pack()
        subbox.mainloop()

更新：

我逐行踢出 Tkinter 代碼，結果發現導入 Tkinter 會導致錯誤！

這意味着，如果我剛剛：

import Tkinter

我的游戲不行！！！ 我該怎么辦？

安裝文件（pygame2exe 但我可能不小心刪除了里面的東西）：

try:
    from distutils.core import setup
    import py2exe, pygame
    from modulefinder import Module
    import glob, fnmatch
    import sys, os, shutil
    import operator

except ImportError, message:
    raise SystemExit,  "Unable to load module. %s" % message

#hack which fixes the pygame mixer and pygame font
origIsSystemDLL = py2exe.build_exe.isSystemDLL # save the orginal before we edit it
def isSystemDLL(pathname):
    # checks if the freetype and ogg dll files are being included
    if os.path.basename(pathname).lower() in ("libfreetype-6.dll", "libogg-0.dll","sdl_ttf.dll"): # "sdl_ttf.dll" added by arit.
            return 0
    return origIsSystemDLL(pathname) # return the orginal function
py2exe.build_exe.isSystemDLL = isSystemDLL # override the default function with this one

class pygame2exe(py2exe.build_exe.py2exe): #This hack make sure that pygame default font is copied: no need to modify code for specifying default font
    def copy_extensions(self, extensions):
        #Get pygame default font
        pygamedir = os.path.split(pygame.base.__file__)[0]
        pygame_default_font = os.path.join(pygamedir, pygame.font.get_default_font())

        #Add font to list of extension to be copied
        extensions.append(Module("pygame.font", pygame_default_font))
        py2exe.build_exe.py2exe.copy_extensions(self, extensions)

class BuildExe:
    def __init__(self):
        #Name of starting .py
        self.script = "game_0.3.py"

        #Name of program
        self.project_name = "game"

        #Project url
        self.project_url = "it will be  on sourceforge and indieDB"

        #Version of program
        self.project_version = "0.3"

        #License of the program
        self.license = "gnu gpl 2.0"

        #Auhor of program
        self.author_name = "John Doe "
        self.author_email = "i dont want spam"
        self.copyright = "John Doe 2014"

        #Description
        self.project_description = None

        #Icon file (None will use pygame default icon)
        self.icon_file = "icon.ico"

        #Extra files/dirs copied to game
        self.extra_datas = ["block.png","CHARACTER.png","icon.ico","COPYING.txt","README1.txt","name.txt","score.txt"]

        #Extra/excludes python modules
        self.extra_modules = []
        self.exclude_modules =['AppKit', 'Foundation', 'Numeric', 'OpenGL.GL', '_scproxy', '_sysconfigdata', 'copyreg', 'dummy.Process', 'numpy', 'pkg_resources', 'queue', 'winreg', 'pygame.sdlmain_osx']

        #DLL Excludes
        self.exclude_dll = ['']
        #python scripts (strings) to be included, seperated by a comma
        self.extra_scripts = []

        #Zip file name (None will bundle files in exe instead of zip file)
        self.zipfile_name =None

        #Dist directory
        self.dist_dir ='dist'

    ## Code from DistUtils tutorial at http://wiki.python.org/moin/Distutils/Tutorial
    ## Originally borrowed from wxPython's setup and config files
    def opj(self, *args):
        path = os.path.join(*args)
        return os.path.normpath(path)

    def find_data_files(self, srcdir, *wildcards, **kw):
        # get a list of all files under the srcdir matching wildcards,
        # returned in a format to be used for install_data
        def walk_helper(arg, dirname, files):
            if '.svn' in dirname:
                return
            names = []
            lst, wildcards = arg
            for wc in wildcards:
                wc_name = self.opj(dirname, wc)
                for f in files:
                    filename = self.opj(dirname, f)

                    if fnmatch.fnmatch(filename, wc_name) and not os.path.isdir(filename):
                        names.append(filename)
            if names:
                lst.append( (dirname, names ) )

        file_list = []
        recursive = kw.get('recursive', True)
        if recursive:
            os.path.walk(srcdir, walk_helper, (file_list, wildcards))
        else:
            walk_helper((file_list, wildcards),
                        srcdir,
                        [os.path.basename(f) for f in glob.glob(self.opj(srcdir, '*'))])
        return file_list

    def run(self):
        if os.path.isdir(self.dist_dir): #Erase previous destination dir
            shutil.rmtree(self.dist_dir)

        #Use the default pygame icon, if none given
        if self.icon_file == None:
            path = os.path.split(pygame.__file__)[0]
            self.icon_file = os.path.join(path, 'pygame.ico')

        #List all data files to add
        extra_datas = []
        for data in self.extra_datas:
            if os.path.isdir(data):
                extra_datas.extend(self.find_data_files(data, '*'))
            else:
                extra_datas.append(('.', [data]))

        setup(
            cmdclass = {'py2exe': pygame2exe},
            version = self.project_version,
            description = self.project_description,
            name = self.project_name,
            url = self.project_url,
            author = self.author_name,
            author_email = self.author_email,
            license = self.license,

            # targets to build
            console = [{
                'script': self.script,
                'icon_resources': [(0, self.icon_file)],
                'copyright': self.copyright
            }],
            options = {'py2exe': {'optimize': 2, 'bundle_files': 1, 'compressed': True, \
                                  'excludes': self.exclude_modules, 'packages': self.extra_modules, \
                                  'dll_excludes': self.exclude_dll,
                                  'includes': self.extra_scripts} },
            zipfile = self.zipfile_name,
            data_files = extra_datas,
            dist_dir = self.dist_dir
            )

        if os.path.isdir('build'): #Clean up build dir
            shutil.rmtree('build')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    if operator.lt(len(sys.argv), 2):
        sys.argv.append('py2exe')
    BuildExe().run() #Run generation
    raw_input("Press any key to continue") #Pause to let user see that things ends 

另一件重要的事情：如果我在 pygame 之前導入 Tkinter，則沒有分段錯誤，但游戲無法運行，並且會彈出錯誤窗口，並說此應用程序請求運行時以異常方式終止以獲取更多信息，請聯系應用程序支持

Answer 1

你檢查 py2exe/Bugs 了嗎？

雖然它不是完全相同的崩潰，但與 Tkinter 內部對 Tcl 和 Tk DLL 服務子層的依賴相關的根本原因似乎相似：

引用：

"""

使用Tkinter和bundle_files = 1 ，我立即崩潰。

這是我的設置：

    winxp sp2
    py2exe 0.6.8
    python 2.5.1

我的測試文件是“ example.py ”，如下：

#### start
from Tkinter import *
if __name__ == '__main__':
print "hello"
#### end
my setup.py is as follows:
#### start
from distutils.core import setup
import py2exe
setup(
options = {'py2exe': {'bundle_files': 1}},
zipfile = None,
console=['example.py'])
#### end

它編譯得很好，但是在運行“ dist ”目錄下生成的“ example.exe ”時，它立即得到錯誤信息“example.exe遇到問題需要關閉。對於給您帶來的不便，我們深表歉意” .

使用相同的setup.py ，但使用bundle_files = 3工作正常； 使用 bundle_files = 2 會導致同樣的崩潰。

我希望這是復制此錯誤的足夠信息。 如果您需要，我很樂意提供任何其他信息 - 只需在此處發回即可。

"""

+ 建議的解決方法：

引用：

"""

我通過編輯site-packages/py2exe/build_exe.py “修復”這個site-packages/py2exe/build_exe.py ，

將“ tcl85.dll ”和“ tk85.dll ”添加到“ dlls_in_exedir ”列表中

- 意味着它們被放在 .exe 旁邊而不是捆綁在里面。

有點亂，但比 bundled=3 好多了

"""