如何將一個函數中的值傳輸到另一個函數？

Question

我需要將calcRectArea中的寬度值轉移到calcTriArea中，這樣我就可以計算山牆區域而無需第二次詢問寬度。 我一般對Python和編程都不熟悉，所以如果這是一個愚蠢的問題，請原諒我。

def main():   

    '''
main adds rectangular area and triangular area to compute the total area
    '''

    rectarea=0
    rectarea=calcRectArea(rectarea)
    print("Rectangular area is now",rectarea)

    triarea=0
    triarea=calcTriArea(triarea)
    print("Triangular area is now",triarea)

    totalarea=triarea+rectarea
    print("The total area of the first house is",totalarea)

    print("For the second house: ")

    rectarea2=0
    rectarea2=calcRectArea(rectarea2)
    print("Rectangular area of second house is now",rectarea2)

    triarea2=0
    triarea2=calcTriArea(triarea2)
    print("Triangular area of the second house is now",triarea2)

    totalarea2=triarea2+rectarea2
    print("The total area of the second house is",totalarea2) 

    totalbothhouses=totalarea+totalarea2
    print("The combined area of both houses is",totalbothhouses)


def calcRectArea(RectAreaTotal):

    '''
calcRectArea prompts the user to enter width, height, and length, computes the
front and side areas, and adds them to compute rectangular area
'''

    width=input("Enter the width: ")
    width=int(width)

    height=input("Enter the height: ")
    height=int(height)

    length=input("Enter the length: ")
    length=int(length)

    front=(width*height)
    side=(length*height)

    RectAreaTotal=(front*2)+(side*2)
    return RectAreaTotal

def calcTriArea(totalgablearea):

    '''
    calcTriArea has the user enter the gable height and computes triangular area
    '''

    gableheight=input("Enter the gable height: ")
    gableheight=int(gableheight)

    totalgablearea=(gableheight)         
    return totalgablearea                       

main()

Answer 1

您可以考慮在計算功能之外索取值：

def get_dimensions():
    height = int(input("Enter the height: "))
    width = int(input("Enter the width: "))
    length = int(input("Enter the length: "))

height, width, length = get_dimensions()

# go on to pass the values to your functions

還有其他更高級的選項，但這應該可以幫助您入門。 如果您有興趣，我可以在此答案中添加其他一些選項。

Answer 2

讓我們看一下函數的外觀。

我可以編寫一些名為foo的任意函數，使其具有單個輸入和輸出：

def foo(a):
    return a

f = foo(1)  # f == 1

我也可以用4個輸入和4個輸出來編寫它：

def foo(a, b, c, d):
    return a, b, c, d

f, g, h, i = foo(1, 2, 3, 4) # f = 1, g = 2, h = 3, i = 4

函數定義允許您指定所需的任意數量的輸入。 您還將注意到，在python中，您可以返回多個值！ 在您的示例中，您可以簡單地更改當前函數以接受額外的值。

def calcTriArea(totalgablearea):

變

def calcTriArea(totalgablearea, calcRectArea):

現在，您需要在rectArea中更改您的退貨聲明以返回額外的值。

return RectAreaTotal, width

現在您可以在triArea函數中訪問calcRectArea的寬度！ 您現在只需要像這樣將其傳遞給函數：

rectarea, width=calcRectArea(rectarea)
print("Rectangular area is now",rectarea)

triarea=0
triarea=calcTriArea(triarea, width)
print("Triangular area is now",triarea)

Answer 3

您可以從main獲取值，並將其傳遞到兩個函數calcRectArea和calcTriArea

檢查包括main在內的功能的定義以實施更改：

def main():   

    '''
main adds rectangular area and triangular area to compute the total area
    '''

    rectarea=0
    width=input("Enter the width: ")
    width=int(width)
    rectarea=calcRectArea(rectarea,width)
    print("Rectangular area is now",rectarea)

    triarea=0
    triarea=calcTriArea(triarea,width)
    print("Triangular area is now",triarea)

    totalarea=triarea+rectarea
    print("The total area of the first house is",totalarea)

    print("For the second house: ")

    rectarea2=0
    width=input("Enter the width: ")
    width=int(width)
    rectarea2=calcRectArea(rectarea2, width)
    print("Rectangular area of second house is now",rectarea2)

    triarea2=0
    triarea2=calcTriArea(triarea2, width)
    print("Triangular area of the second house is now",triarea2)

    totalarea2=triarea2+rectarea2
    print("The total area of the second house is",totalarea2) 

    totalbothhouses=totalarea+totalarea2
    print("The combined area of both houses is",totalbothhouses)


def calcRectArea(RectAreaTotal, width):

    '''
calcRectArea prompts the user to enter width, height, and length, computes the
front and side areas, and adds them to compute rectangular area
'''



    height=input("Enter the height: ")
    height=int(height)

    length=input("Enter the length: ")
    length=int(length)

    front=(width*height)
    side=(length*height)

    RectAreaTotal=(front*2)+(side*2)
    return RectAreaTotal,width

def calcTriArea(totalgablearea, width):

    '''
    calcTriArea has the user enter the gable height and computes triangular area
    '''

    gableheight=input("Enter the gable height: ")
    gableheight=int(gableheight)

    totalgablearea=(gableheight)         
    return totalgablearea