android：從uri獲取真實路徑

Question

我想將文件發送到服務器，我需要從 uri 獲取真實路徑。

我的代碼：

public String getPathFromURI(Context context, Uri contentUri) {
    if ( contentUri.toString().indexOf("file:///") > -1 ){
        return contentUri.getPath();
    }

    Cursor cursor = null;
    try { 
        String[] proj = { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA };
        cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(contentUri,  proj, null, null, null);
        int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
        cursor.moveToFirst();
        return cursor.getString(column_index);
    }finally {
          if (cursor != null) {
              cursor.close();
          }
    }
}

和 onActivityResult：

...
imageName = data.getData();
imagePath = getPathFromURI(getBaseContext(),imageName);

Picasso.with(getBaseContext()).load(imageName).into(imageView);
...

圖像如何顯示在 ImageView 中，但 imagePath 始終為 null ？ ：） 謝謝

編輯：

我如何將圖像發送到服務器

HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpContext localContext = new BasicHttpContext();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost([URL TO A SERVER]);

MultipartEntity entity = new MultipartEntity(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
entity.addPart("uploaded_file_1", new FileBody(new File( imagePath )));

httpPost.setEntity(entity);
httpClient.execute(httpPost, localContext);

Answer 1

我在堆棧上瀏覽了一些答案，並找到了解決方案......

public static String getPathFromURI(final Context context, final Uri uri) {

    final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;

    // DocumentProvider
    if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
        // ExternalStorageProvider
        if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
            final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
            final String[] split = docId.split(":");
            final String type = split[0];

            if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
                return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
            }
        }
        // DownloadsProvider
        else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {

            final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
            final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));

            return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
        }
        // MediaProvider
        else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
            final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
            final String[] split = docId.split(":");
            final String type = split[0];

            Uri contentUri = null;
            if ("image".equals(type)) {
                contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
            } else if ("video".equals(type)) {
                contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
            } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
                contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
            }

            final String selection = "_id=?";
            final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] {
                    split[1]
            };

            return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
        }
    }
    // MediaStore (and general)
    else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
        return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
    }
    // File
    else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
        return uri.getPath();
    }

    return null;
}

public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection,
        String[] selectionArgs) {

    Cursor cursor = null;
    final String column = "_data";
    final String[] projection = {
            column
    };

    try {
        cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs,
                null);
        if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
            final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
            return cursor.getString(column_index);
        }
    } finally {
        if (cursor != null)
            cursor.close();
    }
    return null;
}

public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
    return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
    return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
    return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

這將在每種情況下找到真正的路徑，即使對於 kitkat （這就是問題...... kitkat）

Answer 2

從 android 10 開始，您必須為文件使用特定於應用程序的存儲空間。 如果您想從外部存儲中獲取文件並對它執行一些操作，例如將其上傳到服務器，則需要獲取該文件並將其復制到特定於應用程序的存儲中。

這是您可以使用的，假設您已經擁有所選文件的 uri。

val parcelFileDescriptor =
    contentResolver.openFileDescriptor(selectedImageUri!!, "r", null) ?: return

val inputStream = FileInputStream(parcelFileDescriptor.fileDescriptor)
val file = File(cacheDir, contentResolver.getFileName(selectedImageUri!!))
val outputStream = FileOutputStream(file)
inputStream.copyTo(outputStream)

從 Uri 獲取文件名的函數是

fun ContentResolver.getFileName(fileUri: Uri): String {
    var name = ""
    val returnCursor = this.query(fileUri, null, null, null, null)
    if (returnCursor != null) {
        val nameIndex = returnCursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME)
        returnCursor.moveToFirst()
        name = returnCursor.getString(nameIndex)
        returnCursor.close()
    }
    return name
}

現在你可以使用file.path並且它會工作。 如果您不想這樣做，那么對於 android 10，還有一個臨時解決方案是

android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true"

您可以將其添加到應用程序標記內的 AndroidManifest.xml 中。

參考： Android 上傳文件到服務器

希望這會有所幫助，謝謝:)

Answer 3

這是我的簡單代碼......它將100％工作，Android版本> 23

如果你從畫廊選擇圖像時出現錯誤，推薦它

public String getPathFromUri(Uri uri, Activity activity) {
    String[] projection = {MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA};
    Cursor cursor = activity.managedQuery(uri, projection, null, null, null);
    int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA);
    cursor.moveToFirst();
    return cursor.getString(column_index);
}

Answer 4

我無法將 Marshmallow 手機共享媒體從 Google 照片到我的應用程序的路徑。 我將嘗試解釋自己為什么會發生這種情況。

我沒有找到任何官方文檔來支持我的想法，但我會與您分享它們，看看是否通過來自不同頭腦的一些合作，我們是否能夠找到解決方案。

我的理論是谷歌照片在手機中沒有實際的媒體文件，它們可能是縮略圖或在線。 因此，當您分享一些圖片時，它們會被臨時下載並可能存儲在應用程序的內部存儲中，因此您無法訪問它（到路徑）。

我發現獲取文件路徑的唯一解決方法是將其復制到我的應用程序內部存儲中。 我不喜歡它，但我嘗試的一切都對我不起作用。

Answer 5

感謝 Michal Heneš 和 Sam。

經過大量搜索，我在java中得到了解決方案。

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.DocumentsContract;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Switch;

import java.io.File;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ListIterator;
import java.util.Objects;

import kotlin.Metadata;
import kotlin.collections.CollectionsKt;
import kotlin.jvm.internal.Intrinsics;
import kotlin.text.Regex;
import kotlin.text.StringsKt;

public class UtilsFile {


    private final static String PUBLIC_DOWNLOAD_PATH = "content://downloads/public_downloads";


    private final static String EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DOCUMENTS_PATH = "com.android.externalstorage.documents";


    private final static String DOWNLOAD_DOCUMENTS_PATH = "com.android.providers.downloads.documents";


    private final static String MEDIA_DOCUMENTS_PATH = "com.android.providers.media.documents";


    private final static String PHOTO_CONTENTS_PATH = "com.google.android.apps.photos.content";


    private Boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
        return EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DOCUMENTS_PATH.equals(uri.getAuthority());

    }
 private Boolean isPublicDocument(Uri uri) {
        return PUBLIC_DOWNLOAD_PATH.equals(uri.getAuthority());

    }


    private Boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
        return DOWNLOAD_DOCUMENTS_PATH.equals(uri.getAuthority());

    }

    private Boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
        return MEDIA_DOCUMENTS_PATH.equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }


    private Boolean isGooglePhotosUri(Uri uri) {
        return MEDIA_DOCUMENTS_PATH.equals(uri.getAuthority());

    }
 private Boolean isPhotoContentUri(Uri uri) {
        return PHOTO_CONTENTS_PATH.equals(uri.getAuthority());

    }



    private String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {

        Cursor cursor = null;
        //String column = "_data" REMOVED IN FAVOR OF NULL FOR ALL
        //String projection = arrayOf(column) REMOVED IN FAVOR OF PROJECTION FOR ALL
        try {
            cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, null, selection, selectionArgs, null);
            if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(DocumentsContract.Document.COLUMN_DISPLAY_NAME);
                return cursor.getString(columnIndex);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.e("PathUtils", "Error getting uri for cursor to read file: " + e.getMessage());
        } finally {
            assert cursor != null;
            cursor.close();
        }
        return null;

    }

    public  String getFullPathFromContentUri(final Context context, final Uri uri) {

        final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;
        String filePath="";
        // DocumentProvider
        if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
            // ExternalStorageProvider
            if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                final String[] split = docId.split(":");
                final String type = split[0];

                if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
                    return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
                }//non-primary e.g sd card
                else {
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > 20) {
                        //getExternalMediaDirs() added in API 21
                        File[] extenal = context.getExternalMediaDirs();
                        for (File f : extenal) {
                            filePath = f.getAbsolutePath();
                            if (filePath.contains(type)) {
                                int endIndex = filePath.indexOf("Android");
                                filePath = filePath.substring(0, endIndex) + split[1];
                            }
                        }
                    }else{
                        filePath = "/storage/" + type + "/" + split[1];
                    }
                    return filePath;
                }
            }
            // DownloadsProvider
            else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
                String fileName = getDataColumn(context,  uri,null, null);
                String uriToReturn = null;
                if (fileName != null) {
                    uriToReturn = Uri.withAppendedPath(
                            Uri.parse(
                                    Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getAbsolutePath()), fileName
                    ).toString();
                }
                return uriToReturn;
            }
            // MediaProvider
            else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                final String[] split = docId.split(":");
                final String type = split[0];

                Uri contentUri = null;
                if ("image".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else if ("video".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                }

                final String selection = "_id=?";
                final String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{
                        split[1]
                };

                Cursor cursor = null;
                final String column = "_data";
                final String[] projection = {
                        column
                };

                try {
                    cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs,
                            null);
                    if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                        final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
                        return cursor.getString(column_index);
                    }
                } finally {
                    if (cursor != null)
                        cursor.close();
                }
                return null;
            }

        }
        // MediaStore (and general)
        else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
        }
        // File
        else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            return uri.getPath();
        }
        else if (isPublicDocument(uri)){
            String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
            final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(
                    Uri.parse(PUBLIC_DOWNLOAD_PATH), Long.parseLong(id));
            String[] projection = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
            @SuppressLint("Recycle") Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(contentUri, projection, null, null, null);

            if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
                cursor.moveToFirst();
                return cursor.getString(column_index);
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

}

訪問 ActivityResult 上的公共下載文件 Android 28 Samsung Galaxy S9+ (Verizon)

Answer 6

您可以使用此功能從新 android 和舊版本的 uri 中獲取文件

fun getFileFromUri(context: Context, uri: Uri?): File? {
    uri ?: return null
    uri.path ?: return null

    var newUriString = uri.toString()
    newUriString = newUriString.replace(
        "content://com.android.providers.downloads.documents/",
        "content://com.android.providers.media.documents/"
    )
    newUriString = newUriString.replace(
        "/msf%3A", "/image%3A"
    )
    val newUri = Uri.parse(newUriString)

    var realPath = String()
    val databaseUri: Uri
    val selection: String?
    val selectionArgs: Array<String>?
    if (newUri.path?.contains("/document/image:") == true) {
        databaseUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI
        selection = "_id=?"
        selectionArgs = arrayOf(DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(newUri).split(":")[1])
    } else {
        databaseUri = newUri
        selection = null
        selectionArgs = null
    }
    try {
        val column = "_data"
        val projection = arrayOf(column)
        val cursor = context.contentResolver.query(
            databaseUri,
            projection,
            selection,
            selectionArgs,
            null
        )
        cursor?.let {
            if (it.moveToFirst()) {
                val columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column)
                realPath = cursor.getString(columnIndex)
            }
            cursor.close()
        }
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        Log.i("GetFileUri Exception:", e.message ?: "")
    }
    val path = realPath.ifEmpty {
        when {
            newUri.path?.contains("/document/raw:") == true -> newUri.path?.replace(
                "/document/raw:",
                ""
            )
            newUri.path?.contains("/document/primary:") == true -> newUri.path?.replace(
                "/document/primary:",
                "/storage/emulated/0/"
            )
            else -> return null
        }
    }
    return if (path.isNullOrEmpty()) null else File(path)
}

Answer 7

此代碼適用於我在 android 11 和 12

 private static String getRealPathFromURI(Uri uri, Context context) {
                Uri returnUri = uri;
                Cursor returnCursor = context.getContentResolver().query(returnUri, null, null, null, null);
                int nameIndex = returnCursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME);
                int sizeIndex = returnCursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.SIZE);
                returnCursor.moveToFirst();
                String name = (returnCursor.getString(nameIndex));
                String size = (Long.toString(returnCursor.getLong(sizeIndex)));
                File file = new File(context.getFilesDir(), name);
                try {
                    InputStream inputStream = context.getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri);
                    FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
                    int read = 0;
                    int maxBufferSize = 1 * 1024 * 1024;
                    int bytesAvailable = inputStream.available();
        
                    //int bufferSize = 1024;
                    int bufferSize = Math.min(bytesAvailable, maxBufferSize);
        
                    final byte[] buffers = new byte[bufferSize];
                    while ((read = inputStream.read(buffers)) != -1) {
                        outputStream.write(buffers, 0, read);
                    }
                    Log.e("File Size", "Size " + file.length());
                    inputStream.close();
                    outputStream.close();
                    Log.e("File Path", "Path " + file.getPath());
                    Log.e("File Size", "Size " + file.length());
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Log.e("Exception", e.getMessage());
                }
                return file.getPath();
            }