如何使用 Swift 代碼（NSFileManager）創建目錄

Question

我在轉換 Objective-C 代碼以創建 Swift 目錄時遇到了一些麻煩。

目標-C：

    NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; // Get documents folder
    NSString *dataPath = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"/MyFolder"];

    if (![[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:dataPath])
    [[NSFileManager defaultManager] createDirectoryAtPath:dataPath withIntermediateDirectories:NO attributes:nil error:&error];

Answer 1

斯威夫特 5.0

let paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.documentDirectory, .userDomainMask, true)
let documentsDirectory = paths[0]
let docURL = URL(string: documentsDirectory)!
let dataPath = docURL.appendingPathComponent("MyFolder")
if !FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: dataPath.path) {
    do {
        try FileManager.default.createDirectory(atPath: dataPath.path, withIntermediateDirectories: true, attributes: nil)
    } catch {
        print(error.localizedDescription)
    }
}

斯威夫特 4.0

let paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(FileManager.SearchPathDirectory.documentDirectory, FileManager.SearchPathDomainMask.userDomainMask, true)
let documentsDirectory: AnyObject = paths[0] as AnyObject
let dataPath = documentsDirectory.appendingPathComponent("MyFolder")!
    
do {
    try FileManager.default.createDirectory(atPath: dataPath.absoluteString, withIntermediateDirectories: false, attributes: nil)
} catch let error as NSError {
    print(error.localizedDescription)
}

斯威夫特 3.0

let paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(FileManager.SearchPathDirectory.documentDirectory, FileManager.SearchPathDomainMask.userDomainMask, true)
let documentsDirectory: AnyObject = paths[0]
let dataPath = documentsDirectory.appendingPathComponent("MyFolder")!
        
do {
    try FileManager.default.createDirectory(atPath: dataPath.absoluteString, withIntermediateDirectories: false, attributes: nil)
} catch let error as NSError {
    print(error.localizedDescription)
}

斯威夫特 2.1

您可以使用以下方法創建目錄：

let paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSSearchPathDirectory.DocumentDirectory, NSSearchPathDomainMask.UserDomainMask, true)
let documentsDirectory: AnyObject = paths[0]
let dataPath = documentsDirectory.stringByAppendingPathComponent("MyFolder")

do {
    try NSFileManager.defaultManager().createDirectoryAtPath(dataPath, withIntermediateDirectories: false, attributes: nil)
} catch let error as NSError {
    print(error.localizedDescription)
}

Answer 2

@Kampai 和 @Crashalot 的答案都不適合我。

.absoluteString創建一個帶有file://前綴的 url，並在創建目錄時導致異常。 相反，我使用了 .path方法。

Swift 3的固定代碼

let documentsDirectory = FileManager.default.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask).first!
let dataPath = documentsDirectory.appendingPathComponent("MyFolder")

do {
    try FileManager.default.createDirectory(atPath: dataPath.path, withIntermediateDirectories: true, attributes: nil)
} catch let error as NSError {
    print("Error creating directory: \(error.localizedDescription)")
}

Answer 3

接受的答案不再編譯，因為帶有appendingPathComponent的行會生成錯誤。

這是一個可以編譯的 Swift 3 版本：

fileprivate func createDir(dirName: String) {
    let documentsDirectory = FileManager.default.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask)[0]
    let dataPath = documentsDirectory.appendingPathComponent(dirName)

    do {
        try FileManager.default.createDirectory(atPath: dataPath.absoluteString, withIntermediateDirectories: false, attributes: nil)
    } catch let error as NSError {
        printError("Error creating directory: \(error.localizedDescription)")
    }
}

Answer 4

斯威夫特 4：

NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains 返回一個字符串數組，而不是 URL。

appendingPathComponent 到字符串使應用程序崩潰並顯示消息 -[NSPathStore2 URLByAppendingPathComponent:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance

這是一個可以編譯的 Swift 4 版本：

    let paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(FileManager.SearchPathDirectory.documentDirectory, FileManager.SearchPathDomainMask.userDomainMask, true)
    if let pathURL = URL.init(string: paths[0]) {
        let dataURL = pathURL.appendingPathComponent("MyFolder")
        do {
            try FileManager.default.createDirectory(atPath: dataURL.absoluteString, withIntermediateDirectories: true, attributes: nil)
        } catch let error as NSError {
            print(error.localizedDescription);
        }
    }
    else {
        print("Error in getting path URL");
    }

Answer 5

更簡單的解決方案：

"~/Desktop/demo".expand.createDir()//Now you have a folder named demo on your desk

extension String{
    func createDir(_ path:String){
        do {
            try FileManager.default.createDirectory(atPath: path, withIntermediateDirectories: true, attributes: nil)
        } catch let error as NSError {
            NSLog("Unable to create directory \(error.debugDescription)")
        }
    }
    var expand:String {return NSString(string: self).expandingTildeInPath}
}

Answer 6

斯威夫特 4

// DB Directory and Path
lazy var applicationDocumentsDirectory: URL = {

    let urls = FileManager.default.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask)
    let documentDirectoryURL = urls[urls.count - 1] as URL
    let dbDirectoryURL = documentDirectoryURL.appendingPathComponent("DB")

    if FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: dbDirectoryURL.path) == false{
        do{
            try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: dbDirectoryURL, withIntermediateDirectories: false, attributes: nil)
        }catch{
        }
    }
    return dbDirectoryURL
}()

Answer 7

斯威夫特 5

guard let path = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(FileManager.SearchPathDirectory.documentDirectory, FileManager.SearchPathDomainMask.userDomainMask, true).first else { return }
    if let pathURL = URL.init(string: path) {
        let dataURL = pathURL.appendingPathComponent("MyFolderName")
        do {
            try FileManager.default.createDirectory(atPath: dataURL.absoluteString, withIntermediateDirectories: true, attributes: nil)
        } catch let error as NSError {
            print(error.localizedDescription);
        }
    }
    else {
        print("Error in URL path");
    }

Answer 8

對於其他開發人員，我將把它留在這里，因為它可能會幫助像我這樣的人尋找一種方法來確定文件夾的創建位置。

let paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.DocumentDirectory, .UserDomainMask, true) as NSArray
let documentsDir = paths.firstObject as String
println("Path to the Documents directory\n\(documentsDir)")

Answer 9

(lldb) p path.absoluteString
(String) $R23 = "file:///Users/vincent/Library/Developer/CoreSimulator/Devices/4778E487-D1AD-41E7-9B91-18E08A400DEA/data/Containers/Data/Application/286AF87C-1134-4308-9656-DEE8F9FF046E/Documents/tide/927EBC30-EAD1-44BA-80B2-FD3D0A66E9DE"
(lldb) p path.path
(String) $R25 = "/Users/vincent/Library/Developer/CoreSimulator/Devices/4778E487-D1AD-41E7-9B91-18E08A400DEA/data/Containers/Data/Application/286AF87C-1134-4308-9656-DEE8F9FF046E/Documents/tide/927EBC30-EAD1-44BA-80B2-FD3D0A66E9DE"
(lldb) 

所以如果你收到

Error Domain=NSCocoaErrorDomain Code=642 "You can’t save the file “927EBC30-EAD1-44BA-80B2-FD3D0A66E9DE” because the volume is read only." UserInfo={NSFilePath=file:///Users/vincent/Library/Developer/CoreSimulator/Devices/4778E487-D1AD-41E7-9B91-18E08A400DEA/data/Containers/Data/Application/286AF87C-1134-4308-9656-DEE8F9FF046E/Documents/tide/927EBC30-EAD1-44BA-80B2-FD3D0A66E9DE, NSUnderlyingError=0x6000009cccf0 {Error Domain=NSPOSIXErrorDomain Code=30 "Read-only file system"}}

你需要

path.absoluteString => path.path