psutil.cpu_times（）在python中返回的每個參數的含義是什么？

Question

命令psutil.cpu_times( ）的輸出如下：

scputimes(user=2298.7, nice=20.11, system=728.58, idle=49415.86, iowait=153.26, irq=0.08, softirq=16.78, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)

user和system值是指CPU在用戶與系統操作中花費的時間，但其他返回值的含義是什么？

例如，如何獲得最近3分鍾內發生的上下文切換次數？

Answer 1

這些是累積數，因此它們代表自系統啟動以來CPU花費的時間。 至於每個值（idle，iowait等）的含義，請看一下“man proc”：

cpu  3357 0 4313 1362393
     The  amount of time, measured in units of USER_HZ (1/100ths of a second on most
     architectures, use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) to obtain the right  value),  that  the
     system spent in various states:

     user   (1) Time spent in user mode.

     nice   (2) Time spent in user mode with low priority (nice).

     system (3) Time spent in system mode.

     idle   (4) Time spent in the idle task.  This value should be USER_HZ times the
            second entry in the /proc/uptime pseudo-file.

     iowait (since Linux 2.5.41)
            (5) Time waiting for I/O to complete.

     irq (since Linux 2.6.0-test4)
            (6) Time servicing interrupts.

     softirq (since Linux 2.6.0-test4)
            (7) Time servicing softirqs.

     steal (since Linux 2.6.11)
            (8) Stolen time, which is the time spent in other operating systems when
            running in a virtualized environment

     guest (since Linux 2.6.24)
            (9)  Time  spent running a virtual CPU for guest operating systems under
            the control of the Linux kernel.

     guest_nice (since Linux 2.6.33)
            (10) Time spent running a niced guest (virtual CPU for  guest  operating
            systems under the control of the Linux kernel).

Answer 2

正如您所說的那樣，用戶和系統分別是用戶或系統操作所花費的時間，這個過程的好處（優先級）很好。

根據文檔，函數psutil.get_num_ctx_switches（）返回由進程執行的自願和非自願上下文切換的數量（請參閱文檔 ）