在GAE中使用gcloud-python

Question

我有一堆小的Raspberry Pis運行一些python代碼，使用gcloud-python數據存儲包直接保存到Datastore（跳過GAE）。 這非常有效。 我現在想要使用Google App Engine通過網絡和移動客戶端呈現數據。 在我的MacBook上，我使用安裝程序安裝了GAE，通過pip安裝了gcloud。 我可以編寫一個簡單的python腳本並直接從終端執行它，它可以通過gcloud從數據存儲區寫入和讀取 - 這也可以正常工作。

但是，當我嘗試將相同的代碼合並到GAE中時，它失敗了。 根據我的研究，我預計這是一個PATH問題，但經過幾個小時的各種嘗試后，我無法解決這個問題。 建議將不勝感激。

我相信這篇文章與我的問題類似： Google App Engine，更改哪個python版本

以下是一些可能相關的信息：

Python版本

$ which python
/usr/bin/python

根據引用的Stack Overflow問題，我將GAE的首選項設置為具有/ usr / bin / python的Python路徑。 我試過了

$ PATH

$ echo $PATH
/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/bin:/Users/sheridangray/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/opt/X11/bin

Python解釋器的os.path

$ python
Python 2.7.6 (default, Sep  9 2014, 15:04:36)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 6.0 (clang-600.0.39)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import os
>>> os.path
<module 'posixpath' from '/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/posixpath.pyc'>

gcloud安裝

$ pip install --upgrade gcloud
Requirement already up-to-date: gcloud in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages
...

Python 2.7引用

$ sudo find / -name python2.7
Password:
/Applications/Dropbox.app/Contents/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7
/Applications/Dropbox.app/Contents/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7
/Applications/Dropbox.app/Contents/Resources/include/python2.7
/Applications/Dropbox.app/Contents/Resources/lib/python2.7
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.10.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.10.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.10.sdk/usr/include/python2.7
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.10.sdk/usr/lib/python2.7
find: /dev/fd/3: Not a directory
find: /dev/fd/4: Not a directory
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2.7
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7
/usr/bin/python2.7
/usr/lib/python2.7

相關守則

from gcloud import datastore

class MainHandler(webapp.RequestHandler):
  def get(self):
     dataset = datastore.get_dataset(dataset_id, email_address, private_key_file)

GAE日志文件

*** Running dev_appserver with the following flags:
--skip_sdk_update_check=yes --port=8080 --admin_port=8000
Python command: /usr/bin/python
INFO     2014-11-21 09:02:03,276 devappserver2.py:745] Skipping SDK update check.
INFO     2014-11-21 09:02:03,288 api_server.py:172] Starting API server at: http://localhost:49183
INFO     2014-11-21 09:02:03,292 dispatcher.py:185] Starting module "default" running at: http://localhost:8080
INFO     2014-11-21 09:02:03,294 admin_server.py:118] Starting admin server at: http://localhost:8000
INFO     2014-11-21 09:02:34,319 module.py:709] default: "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 2
INFO     2014-11-21 09:02:34,455 module.py:709] default: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 200 8348
INFO     2014-11-21 09:02:44,359 module.py:387] Detected file changes:
  /Users/sheridangray/Projects/city-pulse-web/main.py
ERROR    2014-11-21 09:02:46,443 webapp2.py:1552] gcloud
Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/webapp2-2.5.2/webapp2.py", line 1535, in __call__
rv = self.handle_exception(request, response, e)
  File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/webapp2-2.5.2/webapp2.py", line 1529, in __call__
rv = self.router.dispatch(request, response)
  File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/webapp2-2.5.2/webapp2.py", line 1278, in default_dispatcher
return route.handler_adapter(request, response)
  File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/webapp2-2.5.2/webapp2.py", line 1102, in __call__
return handler.dispatch()
  File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/webapp2-2.5.2/webapp2.py", line 572, in dispatch
return self.handle_exception(e, self.app.debug)
  File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/webapp2-2.5.2/webapp2.py", line 570, in dispatch
return method(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/city-pulse-web/main.py", line 63, in get
dataset = datastore.get_dataset(dataset_id, email_address, private_key_file)
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/gcloud/datastore/__init__.py", line 103, in get_dataset
connection = get_connection(client_email, private_key_path)
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/gcloud/datastore/__init__.py", line 65, in get_connection
    from gcloud.datastore.connection import Connection
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/gcloud/datastore/connection.py", line 3, in <module>
    from gcloud import connection
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/gcloud/connection.py", line 8, in <module>
class Connection(object):
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/gcloud/connection.py", line 24, in Connection
USER_AGENT = "gcloud-python/{0}".format(get_distribution('gcloud').version)
  File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/setuptools-0.6c11/pkg_resources.py", line 311, in get_distribution
if isinstance(dist,Requirement): dist = get_provider(dist)
  File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/setuptools-0.6c11/pkg_resources.py", line 197, in get_provider
return working_set.find(moduleOrReq) or require(str(moduleOrReq))[0]
  File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/setuptools-0.6c11/pkg_resources.py", line 666, in require
needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements))
  File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/setuptools-0.6c11/pkg_resources.py", line 565, in resolve
    raise DistributionNotFound(req)  # XXX put more info here
DistributionNotFound: gcloud
INFO     2014-11-21 09:02:46,456 module.py:709] default: "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 5010
INFO     2014-11-21 09:02:46,514 module.py:709] default: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 304 -

Answer 1

您可以在App Engine上運行gcloud-python ，但它需要一些額外的工作。 查看我寫的一個骨架項目 ，它可以實現這一點。

要涵蓋的主要基礎是：

獲得依賴關系

在install_gcloud.sh ， pip用於在應用程序內部使用安裝gcloud及其依賴項

pip install --target="application/vendor/" gcloud

（如其他答案中所述，本地安裝在部署時不會上傳到App Engine。）

修改依賴項

通過使用--target set進行pip -install， pkg_resources.get_distribution將按預期工作（它在堆棧跟蹤中失敗）。

另外， pytz默認情況下有太多的讀取在App Engine上運行良好，因此使用gae-pytz代替。 因此，需要修改一些pytz導入。

此外，為了減少計算引擎檢查開銷（網絡開銷），可以修改oauth2client.client模塊。

這兩個調整都可以在一次提交中找到。

使進口工作

上面的腳本將所有依賴項放在名為vendor/的目錄中，並且appengine_config.py通過Darth Vendor將其添加到導入路徑：

import darth
darth.vendor('vendor')

此外，由於protobuf依賴項也是google軟件包的一部分（就像所有App Engine導入一樣，例如google.appengine.ext.ndb ），您需要修改與該軟件包關聯的__path__ ：

import os
import google

curr_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
vendor_dir = os.path.join(curr_dir, 'vendor')
google.__path__.append(os.path.join(vendor_dir, 'google'))

CAVEAT（截至2015年1月22日）

請注意，在App Engine中使用gcloud-python將比使用本機App Engine庫db或ndb慢3-5倍。 這是因為那些使用直接RPC進入App Engine運行時，而gcloud-python將使用App Engine外部的HTTP與Cloud Datastore API進行通信。

---

注意 ：我在初始發布后更新了這一點，該帖子引用了歷史記錄中的前一個點 。

Answer 2

Mac上的GAE無法訪問Mac上默認位置安裝的Python軟件包。 你需要這樣做：

ln -s /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/.../gcloud /Users/sheridangray/Projects/city-pulse-web/gcloud

（需要用相關的路徑信息替換...）