如何使用谷歌應用程序腳本發送草稿電子郵件

Question

我正在使用谷歌應用程序腳本，並希望創建一個腳本，從草稿中提取郵件，如果標簽為“明天發送”，則發送它們。 查找帶有特定標簽的草稿非常簡單：

 var threads = GmailApp.search('in:draft label:send-tomorrow');

但是我沒有看到用於發送消息的API！ 我看到的唯一選擇是： - 打開消息 - 提取正文/附件/ title / from / to / cc / bcc - 發送帶有上述參數的新消息 - 銷毀之前的草稿

這看起來很煩人，我不確定它是否適用於嵌入式圖像，多個附件等...

任何提示？

Answer 1

我看到的唯一選擇是： - 打開消息 - 提取正文/附件/ title / from / to / cc / bcc - 發送帶有上述參數的新消息 - 銷毀之前的草稿

這是Amit Agarawal撰寫的這篇博客的主題。 他的腳本完全符合您的描述，但不處理內聯圖像。 對於那些，您可以調整本文中的代碼。

但是你是對的 - 如果你不能發送愚蠢的東西，甚至有一條草稿信息的重點是什么？！

我們可以使用GMail API Users.drafts：從Google Apps腳本發送以發送草稿。 以下獨立腳本執行此操作，並處理必要的授權。

腳本

完整的腳本可以在這個要點中找到 。

/*
 * Send all drafts labeled "send-tomorrow".
 */
function sendDayOldDrafts() {
  var threads = GmailApp.search('in:draft label:send-tomorrow');

  for (var i=0; i<threads.length; i++) {
    var msgId = threads[0].getMessages()[0].getId();
    sendDraftMsg( msgId );
  }
}


/**
 * Sends a draft message that matches the given message ID.
 * Throws if unsuccessful.
 * See https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/drafts/send.
 *
 * @param {String}     messageId   Immutable Gmail Message ID to send
 *
 * @returns {Object}               Response object if successful, see
 *                                 https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/drafts/send#response
 */
function sendDraftMsg( msgId ) {
  // Get draft message.
  var draftMsg = getDraftMsg(msgId,"json");
  if (!getDraftMsg(msgId)) throw new Error( "Unable to get draft with msgId '"+msgId+"'" );

  // see https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/drafts/send
  var url = 'https://www.googleapis.com/gmail/v1/users/me/drafts/send'
  var headers = {
    Authorization: 'Bearer ' + ScriptApp.getOAuthToken()
  };
  var params = {
    method: "post",
    contentType: "application/json",
    headers: headers,
    muteHttpExceptions: true,
    payload: JSON.stringify(draftMsg)
  };
  var check = UrlFetchApp.getRequest(url, params)
  var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url, params);

  var result = response.getResponseCode();
  if (result == '200') {  // OK
    return JSON.parse(response.getContentText());
  }
  else {
    // This is only needed when muteHttpExceptions == true
    var err = JSON.parse(response.getContentText());
    throw new Error( 'Error (' + result + ") " + err.error.message );
  }
}


/**
 * Gets the current user's draft messages.
 * Throws if unsuccessful.
 * See https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/drafts/list.
 *
 * @returns {Object[]}             If successful, returns an array of 
 *                                 Users.drafts resources.
 */
function getDrafts() {
  var url = 'https://www.googleapis.com/gmail/v1/users/me/drafts';
  var headers = {
    Authorization: 'Bearer ' + ScriptApp.getOAuthToken()
  };
  var params = {
    headers: headers,
    muteHttpExceptions: true
  };
  var check = UrlFetchApp.getRequest(url, params)
  var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url, params);

  var result = response.getResponseCode();
  if (result == '200') {  // OK
    return JSON.parse(response.getContentText()).drafts;
  }
  else {
    // This is only needed when muteHttpExceptions == true
    var error = JSON.parse(response.getContentText());
    throw new Error( 'Error (' + result + ") " + error.message );
  }
}

/**
 * Gets the draft message ID that corresponds to a given Gmail Message ID.
 *
 * @param {String}     messageId   Immutable Gmail Message ID to search for
 *
 * @returns {String}               Immutable Gmail Draft ID, or null if not found
 */
function getDraftId( messageId ) {
  if (messageId) {
    var drafts = getDrafts();

    for (var i=0; i<drafts.length; i++) {
      if (drafts[i].message.id === messageId) {
        return drafts[i].id;
      }
    }
  }

  // Didn't find the requested message
  return null;
}


/**
 * Gets the draft message content that corresponds to a given Gmail Message ID.
 * Throws if unsuccessful.
 * See https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/drafts/get.
 *
 * @param {String}     messageId   Immutable Gmail Message ID to search for
 * @param {String}     optFormat   Optional format; "object" (default) or "json"
 *
 * @returns {Object or String}     If successful, returns a Users.drafts resource.
 */
function getDraftMsg( messageId, optFormat ) {
  var draftId = getDraftId( messageId );

  var url = 'https://www.googleapis.com/gmail/v1/users/me/drafts'+"/"+draftId;
  var headers = {
    Authorization: 'Bearer ' + ScriptApp.getOAuthToken()
  };
  var params = {
    headers: headers,
    muteHttpExceptions: true
  };
  var check = UrlFetchApp.getRequest(url, params)
  var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url, params);

  var result = response.getResponseCode();
  if (result == '200') {  // OK
    if (optFormat && optFormat == "JSON") {
      return response.getContentText();
    }
    else {
      return JSON.parse(response.getContentText());
    }
  }
  else {
    // This is only needed when muteHttpExceptions == true
    var error = JSON.parse(response.getContentText());
    throw new Error( 'Error (' + result + ") " + error.message );
  }
}

授權

要使用Google的API，我們需要為當前用戶提供OAuth2令牌 - 就像我們為高級服務所做的那樣。 這是使用ScriptApp.getOAuthToken() 。

將代碼復制到您自己的腳本后，打開資源 - >高級Google服務，打開Goog​​le Developers Console的鏈接，然后為您的項目啟用Gmail API。

只要腳本包含至少一個需要用戶權限的GMailApp方法，就會為OAuthToken正確設置身份驗證范圍。 在此示例中，由GmailApp.search()中的sendDayOldDrafts() ; 但是對於保險，您可以使用API​​直接在函數中包含不可訪問的函數調用。

Answer 2

我是使用GmailMessage.forward方法完成的。

它適用於上傳圖像和附件，但我必須設置主題以避免前綴“Fwd：”和用戶名，因為它只向收件人顯示用戶電子郵件。

我沒有找到處理草稿的方法，所以我只是刪除標簽以防止再次發送它。

腳本：

function getUserFullName(){
  var email = Session.getActiveUser().getEmail();
  var contact = ContactsApp.getContact(email);
  return contact.getFullName();
}

function testSendTomorrow(){
  var threads = GmailApp.search('in:draft label:send-tomorrow');

  if(threads.length == 0){
    return;
  }

  var labelSendTomorrow = GmailApp.getUserLabelByName("send-tomorrow");

  for(var i = 0; i < threads.length; i++){
    var messages = threads[i].getMessages();
    for(var j = 0; j < messages.length; j++){
      var mssg = messages[j];
      if(mssg.isDraft()){
        mssg.forward(mssg.getTo(), {
          cc: mssg.getCc(),
          bcc: mssg.getBcc(),
          subject: mssg.getSubject(),
          name: getUserFullName()
        });
      }
    }
    threads[i].removeLabel(labelSendTomorrow);
  }
}

Answer 3

您可以搜索所有草稿，然后發送該特定草稿沒問題。

function sendMessage(id){
  GmailApp.getDrafts().forEach(function (draft) {
    mes = draft.getMessage()
    if (mes.getId() == id) {
      draft.send()
    }
  })
}

Answer 4

更簡單的替代方法是使用gmail api而不是gmailApp：

function sendtestDraft(draftId){


  var request = Gmail.Users.Drafts.send({id : draftId},'me');


  Logger.log(request);

}

上面的函數示例在https://script.google.com的gs腳本中使用。 它需要draftId（而不是消息Id），草稿將被發送。 圖像和附件都可以！ 信息： https ： //developers.google.com/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/drafts/send

Answer 5

我是新來的，沒有足夠的“聲譽”來評論，所以無法對Mogsdad的原始答案發表評論，所以我不得不創建一個新的答案：

我已經改編了Mogsdad的解決方案，也支持回復/轉發現有線程，而不僅僅是全新的消息。

要在現有線程上使用它，首先應創建回復/轉發，然后僅標記線程。 我的代碼還支持多個標簽並設置這些標簽。

我為它創建了一個新的要點，在這里分享Mogsdad's： https ：//gist.github.com/hadasfester/81bfc5668cb7b666b4fd6eeb6db804c3

我仍然需要在文檔中添加一些屏幕截圖鏈接，否則這已經可以使用了，我自己一直在使用它。 希望你覺得它有用。

同樣在這里內聯：

 /** * This script allows you to mark threads/drafts with a predetermined label and have them get sent the next time your trigger * sets off. * * Setup instructions: * 1. Make a copy of this script (File -> Make a copy) * 2. Follow the "Authorization" instructions on https://stackoverflow.com/a/27215474. (If later during setup/testing you get * another permissions approval dialog, approve there as well). * 2. I created two default labels, you can edit/add your own. See "TODO(user):" below. After that, to create them in gmail, * choose "setUpLabel" function above and click the play button (TODO: screenshot). Refresh your gmail tab, you should see * the new labels. * 3. Click the clock icon above (TODO: screenshot) and set time triggers, eg like so: (TODO: screenshot) * 4. I recommend also setting up error notifications: (TODO: screenshot). * * Testing setup: * When you're first setting this up, if you want to test it, create a couple * of drafts and label them. Then, in this * script, select "sendWeekStartDrafts" or "sendTomorrowDrafts" in the function dropdown * and press play. This manually triggers the script (instead of relying on the * timer) so you can see how it works. * * Usage instructions: * 1. To get a draft sent out on the next trigger, mark your draft with the label you chose. * NOTE: If your draft is a reply to a thread, make sure you first create the draft and only then set the label on the * thread, not the other way around. * That's it! Upon trigger your draft will be sent and the label will get removed from the thread. * * Some credits and explanation of differences/improvements from other existing solutions: * 1. This script was adapted from https://stackoverflow.com/a/27215474 to also support replying existing threads, not only * sending brand new messages. * 2. Other solutions I've run into are based on creating a new message, copying it field-by-field, and sending the new one, * but those have many issues, some of which are that they also don't handle replies and forwards very elegantly. * * Enjoy! **/ var TOMORROW_LABEL = '!send-tomorrow'; var WEEK_START_LABEL = '!send-week-start'; // TODO(user): add more labels here. /** * Set up the label for delayed send! **/ function setUpLabels() { GmailApp.createLabel(TOMORROW_LABEL); GmailApp.createLabel(WEEK_START_LABEL); // TODO(user): add more labels here. } function sendTomorrowDrafts() { sendLabeledDrafts(TOMORROW_LABEL); } function sendWeekStartDrafts() { sendLabeledDrafts(WEEK_START_LABEL); } // TODO(user): add more sendXDrafts() functions for your additional labels here. /* * Send all drafts labeled $MY_LABEL. * @param {String} label The label for which to send drafts. */ function sendLabeledDrafts(label) { var threads = GmailApp.search('in:draft label:' + label); for (var i=0; i<threads.length; i++) { var thread = threads[i]; var messages = thread.getMessages(); var success = false; for (var j=messages.length-1; j>=0; j--) { var msgId = messages[j].getId(); if (sendDraftMsg( msgId )) { success = true; } } if (!success) { throw Error( "Failed sending msg" ) }; if (success) { var myLabel = GmailApp.getUserLabelByName(label); thread.removeLabel(myLabel); } } } /** * Sends a draft message that matches the given message ID. * See https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/drafts/send. * * @param {String} messageId Immutable Gmail Message ID to send * * @returns {Object} Response object if successful, see * https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/drafts/send#response */ function sendDraftMsg( msgId ) { // Get draft message. var draftMsg = getDraftMsg(msgId,"json"); if (!getDraftMsg(msgId)) return null; // see https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/drafts/send var url = 'https://www.googleapis.com/gmail/v1/users/me/drafts/send' var headers = { Authorization: 'Bearer ' + ScriptApp.getOAuthToken() }; var params = { method: "post", contentType: "application/json", headers: headers, muteHttpExceptions: true, payload: JSON.stringify(draftMsg) }; var check = UrlFetchApp.getRequest(url, params) var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url, params); var result = response.getResponseCode(); if (result == '200') { // OK return JSON.parse(response.getContentText()); } else { // This is only needed when muteHttpExceptions == true return null; } } /** * Gets the current user's draft messages. * Throws if unsuccessful. * See https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/drafts/list. * * @returns {Object[]} If successful, returns an array of * Users.drafts resources. */ function getDrafts() { var url = 'https://www.googleapis.com/gmail/v1/users/me/drafts'; var headers = { Authorization: 'Bearer ' + ScriptApp.getOAuthToken() }; var params = { headers: headers, muteHttpExceptions: true }; var check = UrlFetchApp.getRequest(url, params) var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url, params); var result = response.getResponseCode(); if (result == '200') { // OK return JSON.parse(response.getContentText()).drafts; } else { // This is only needed when muteHttpExceptions == true var error = JSON.parse(response.getContentText()); throw new Error( 'Error (' + result + ") " + error.message ); } } /** * Gets the draft message ID that corresponds to a given Gmail Message ID. * * @param {String} messageId Immutable Gmail Message ID to search for * * @returns {String} Immutable Gmail Draft ID, or null if not found */ function getDraftId( messageId ) { if (messageId) { var drafts = getDrafts(); for (var i=0; i<drafts.length; i++) { if (drafts[i].message.id === messageId) { return drafts[i].id; } } } // Didn't find the requested message return null; } /** * Gets the draft message content that corresponds to a given Gmail Message ID. * See https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/drafts/get. * * @param {String} messageId Immutable Gmail Message ID to search for * @param {String} optFormat Optional format; "object" (default) or "json" * * @returns {Object or String} If successful, returns a Users.drafts resource. */ function getDraftMsg( messageId, optFormat ) { var draftId = getDraftId( messageId ); var url = 'https://www.googleapis.com/gmail/v1/users/me/drafts'+"/"+draftId; var headers = { Authorization: 'Bearer ' + ScriptApp.getOAuthToken() }; var params = { headers: headers, muteHttpExceptions: true }; var check = UrlFetchApp.getRequest(url, params) var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url, params); var result = response.getResponseCode(); if (result == '200') { // OK if (optFormat && optFormat == "JSON") { return response.getContentText(); } else { return JSON.parse(response.getContentText()); } } else { // This is only needed when muteHttpExceptions == true return null; } } 

Answer 6

首先， GmailDraft現在有一個你可以直接調用的send()函數。 請參閱： https ： //developers.google.com/apps-script/reference/gmail/gmail-draft#send（）

他們的代碼示例：

var draft = GmailApp.getDrafts()[0]; // The first draft message in the drafts folder
var msg = draft.send(); // Send it
Logger.log(msg.getDate()); // Should be approximately the current timestamp

---

其次，谷歌已經發布預定發送，甚至可能都不需要它。

1. 單擊“ Send旁邊的箭頭

2. 選擇您要發送的首選時間