[英]Add placeholder text inside UITextView in Swift?
如何在UITextView<\/code>中添加占位符,類似於您可以在
Swift<\/code>中為
UITextField<\/code>設置的占位符?
"
為 Swift 4 更新
UITextView
本身沒有占位符屬性,因此您必須使用UITextViewDelegate
方法以編程方式創建和操作一個。 我建議根據所需的行為使用下面的解決方案 #1 或 #2。
注意:對於任一解決方案,將UITextViewDelegate
添加到類並設置textView.delegate = self
以使用文本視圖的委托方法。
解決方案#1 - 如果您希望占位符在用戶選擇文本視圖后立即消失:
首先將UITextView
設置為包含占位符文本並將其設置為淺灰色以模仿UITextField
的占位符文本的外觀。 在viewDidLoad
或在創建文本視圖時執行此操作。
textView.text = "Placeholder"
textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
然后當用戶開始編輯文本視圖時,如果文本視圖包含占位符(即如果其文本顏色為淺灰色)清除占位符文本並將文本顏色設置為黑色以適應用戶的輸入。
func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if textView.textColor == UIColor.lightGray {
textView.text = nil
textView.textColor = UIColor.black
}
}
然后,當用戶完成文本視圖的編輯並辭去第一響應者身份時,如果文本視圖為空,則通過重新添加占位符文本並將其顏色設置為淺灰色來重置其占位符。
func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if textView.text.isEmpty {
textView.text = "Placeholder"
textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
}
}
解決方案#2 - 如果您希望占位符在文本視圖為空時顯示,即使文本視圖被選中:
首先在viewDidLoad
設置占位符:
textView.text = "Placeholder"
textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
textView.becomeFirstResponder()
textView.selectedTextRange = textView.textRange(from: textView.beginningOfDocument, to: textView.beginningOfDocument)
(注意:由於 OP 希望在視圖加載后立即選擇文本視圖,我將文本視圖選擇合並到上述代碼中。如果這不是您想要的行為,並且您不希望在視圖加載時選擇文本視圖,從上面的代碼塊中刪除最后兩行。)
然后使用shouldChangeTextInRange
UITextViewDelegate
方法,如下所示:
func textView(_ textView: UITextView, shouldChangeTextIn range: NSRange, replacementText text: String) -> Bool {
// Combine the textView text and the replacement text to
// create the updated text string
let currentText:String = textView.text
let updatedText = (currentText as NSString).replacingCharacters(in: range, with: text)
// If updated text view will be empty, add the placeholder
// and set the cursor to the beginning of the text view
if updatedText.isEmpty {
textView.text = "Placeholder"
textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
textView.selectedTextRange = textView.textRange(from: textView.beginningOfDocument, to: textView.beginningOfDocument)
}
// Else if the text view's placeholder is showing and the
// length of the replacement string is greater than 0, set
// the text color to black then set its text to the
// replacement string
else if textView.textColor == UIColor.lightGray && !text.isEmpty {
textView.textColor = UIColor.black
textView.text = text
}
// For every other case, the text should change with the usual
// behavior...
else {
return true
}
// ...otherwise return false since the updates have already
// been made
return false
}
並且還實現了textViewDidChangeSelection
以防止用戶在占位符可見時更改光標的位置。 (注意: textViewDidChangeSelection
在視圖加載之前被調用,所以只有在窗口可見時才檢查文本視圖的顏色):
func textViewDidChangeSelection(_ textView: UITextView) {
if self.view.window != nil {
if textView.textColor == UIColor.lightGray {
textView.selectedTextRange = textView.textRange(from: textView.beginningOfDocument, to: textView.beginningOfDocument)
}
}
}
通過跟蹤文本視圖字符數的變化,將占位符標簽放置在文本視圖上方、設置其字體、顏色和管理占位符可見性是簡單、安全和可靠的。
斯威夫特 3:
class NotesViewController : UIViewController, UITextViewDelegate {
@IBOutlet var textView : UITextView!
var placeholderLabel : UILabel!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
textView.delegate = self
placeholderLabel = UILabel()
placeholderLabel.text = "Enter some text..."
placeholderLabel.font = UIFont.italicSystemFont(ofSize: (textView.font?.pointSize)!)
placeholderLabel.sizeToFit()
textView.addSubview(placeholderLabel)
placeholderLabel.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 5, y: (textView.font?.pointSize)! / 2)
placeholderLabel.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
placeholderLabel.isHidden = !textView.text.isEmpty
}
func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
placeholderLabel.isHidden = !textView.text.isEmpty
}
}
Swift 2:相同,除了: italicSystemFontOfSize(textView.font.pointSize)
UIColor.lightGrayColor
italicSystemFontOfSize(textView.font.pointSize)
, UIColor.lightGrayColor
迅速:
以編程方式或通過 Interface Builder 添加您的文本視圖,如果是最后一個,請創建插座:
@IBOutlet weak var yourTextView: UITextView!
請添加委托(UITextViewDelegate):
class ViewController: UIViewController, UITextViewDelegate {
在 viewDidLoad 方法中,添加以下內容:
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
yourTextView.delegate = self
yourTextView.text = "Placeholder text goes right here..."
yourTextView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
現在讓我介紹魔術部分,添加這個功能:
func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if yourTextView.textColor == UIColor.lightGray {
yourTextView.text = ""
yourTextView.textColor = UIColor.black
}
}
請注意,這將在編輯開始時執行,我們將使用 color 屬性檢查條件以告知狀態。 我不建議將文本設置為nil
。 緊接着,我們將文本顏色設置為所需的顏色,在本例中為黑色。
現在也添加這個函數:
func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if yourTextView.text == "" {
yourTextView.text = "Placeholder text ..."
yourTextView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
}
}
讓我堅持,不要與nil
比較,我已經嘗試過了,但它不起作用。 然后我們將值設置回占位符樣式,並將顏色設置回占位符顏色,因為這是檢查textViewDidBeginEditing
的條件。
強烈建議使用KMPlaceholderTextView庫。 使用非常簡單。
我很驚訝沒有人提到NSTextStorageDelegate
。 UITextViewDelegate
的方法只會由用戶交互觸發,而不會以編程方式觸發。 例如,當您以編程方式設置文本視圖的text
屬性時,您必須自己設置占位符的可見性,因為不會調用委托方法。
然而,使用NSTextStorageDelegate
的textStorage(_:didProcessEditing:range:changeInLength:)
方法,你會收到任何文本更改的通知,即使它是以編程方式完成的。 只需像這樣分配它:
textView.textStorage.delegate = self
(在UITextView
,這個委托屬性默認nil
,所以它不會影響任何默認行為。)
將其與@clearlight 演示的UILabel
技術相結合,可以輕松地將整個UITextView
的placeholder
實現包裝到一個擴展中。
extension UITextView {
private class PlaceholderLabel: UILabel { }
private var placeholderLabel: PlaceholderLabel {
if let label = subviews.compactMap( { $0 as? PlaceholderLabel }).first {
return label
} else {
let label = PlaceholderLabel(frame: .zero)
label.font = font
addSubview(label)
return label
}
}
@IBInspectable
var placeholder: String {
get {
return subviews.compactMap( { $0 as? PlaceholderLabel }).first?.text ?? ""
}
set {
let placeholderLabel = self.placeholderLabel
placeholderLabel.text = newValue
placeholderLabel.numberOfLines = 0
let width = frame.width - textContainer.lineFragmentPadding * 2
let size = placeholderLabel.sizeThatFits(CGSize(width: width, height: .greatestFiniteMagnitude))
placeholderLabel.frame.size.height = size.height
placeholderLabel.frame.size.width = width
placeholderLabel.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: textContainer.lineFragmentPadding, y: textContainerInset.top)
textStorage.delegate = self
}
}
}
extension UITextView: NSTextStorageDelegate {
public func textStorage(_ textStorage: NSTextStorage, didProcessEditing editedMask: NSTextStorageEditActions, range editedRange: NSRange, changeInLength delta: Int) {
if editedMask.contains(.editedCharacters) {
placeholderLabel.isHidden = !text.isEmpty
}
}
}
請注意,使用名為PlaceholderLabel
的私有(嵌套)類。 它根本沒有實現,但它為我們提供了一種識別占位符標簽的方法,這比使用tag
屬性要“快速”得多。
使用這種方法,您仍然可以將UITextView
的委托分配給其他人。
您甚至不必更改文本視圖的類。 只需添加擴展名,您就可以為項目中的每個UITextView
分配一個占位符字符串,即使在 Interface Builder 中也是如此。
為清晰起見,我省略了placeholderColor
屬性的實現,但它可以通過與placeholder
類似的計算變量再實現幾行。
使用此擴展,這是在 UITextView 中設置占位符的最佳方式。 但請確保您已將委托附加到 TextView。 您可以像這樣設置占位符:-
yourTextView.placeholder = "Placeholder"
extension UITextView :UITextViewDelegate
{
/// Resize the placeholder when the UITextView bounds change
override open var bounds: CGRect {
didSet {
self.resizePlaceholder()
}
}
/// The UITextView placeholder text
public var placeholder: String? {
get {
var placeholderText: String?
if let placeholderLabel = self.viewWithTag(100) as? UILabel {
placeholderText = placeholderLabel.text
}
return placeholderText
}
set {
if let placeholderLabel = self.viewWithTag(100) as! UILabel? {
placeholderLabel.text = newValue
placeholderLabel.sizeToFit()
} else {
self.addPlaceholder(newValue!)
}
}
}
/// When the UITextView did change, show or hide the label based on if the UITextView is empty or not
///
/// - Parameter textView: The UITextView that got updated
public func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
if let placeholderLabel = self.viewWithTag(100) as? UILabel {
placeholderLabel.isHidden = self.text.count > 0
}
}
/// Resize the placeholder UILabel to make sure it's in the same position as the UITextView text
private func resizePlaceholder() {
if let placeholderLabel = self.viewWithTag(100) as! UILabel? {
let labelX = self.textContainer.lineFragmentPadding
let labelY = self.textContainerInset.top - 2
let labelWidth = self.frame.width - (labelX * 2)
let labelHeight = placeholderLabel.frame.height
placeholderLabel.frame = CGRect(x: labelX, y: labelY, width: labelWidth, height: labelHeight)
}
}
/// Adds a placeholder UILabel to this UITextView
private func addPlaceholder(_ placeholderText: String) {
let placeholderLabel = UILabel()
placeholderLabel.text = placeholderText
placeholderLabel.sizeToFit()
placeholderLabel.font = self.font
placeholderLabel.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
placeholderLabel.tag = 100
placeholderLabel.isHidden = self.text.count > 0
self.addSubview(placeholderLabel)
self.resizePlaceholder()
self.delegate = self
}
}
基於這里的一些很好的建議,我能夠將以下輕量級的、與 Interface-Builder 兼容的UITextView
子類放在一起,其中:
UITextField
。text
屬性的任何外部類完全分開。歡迎提出任何改進建議,特別是如果有任何方法可以以編程方式提取 iOS 的占位符顏色,而不是對其進行硬編碼。
斯威夫特 v5:
import UIKit
@IBDesignable class TextViewWithPlaceholder: UITextView {
override var text: String! { // Ensures that the placeholder text is never returned as the field's text
get {
if showingPlaceholder {
return "" // When showing the placeholder, there's no real text to return
} else { return super.text }
}
set { super.text = newValue }
}
@IBInspectable var placeholderText: String = ""
@IBInspectable var placeholderTextColor: UIColor = UIColor(red: 0.78, green: 0.78, blue: 0.80, alpha: 1.0) // Standard iOS placeholder color (#C7C7CD). See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31057746/whats-the-default-color-for-placeholder-text-in-uitextfield
private var showingPlaceholder: Bool = true // Keeps track of whether the field is currently showing a placeholder
override func didMoveToWindow() {
super.didMoveToWindow()
if text.isEmpty {
showPlaceholderText() // Load up the placeholder text when first appearing, but not if coming back to a view where text was already entered
}
}
override func becomeFirstResponder() -> Bool {
// If the current text is the placeholder, remove it
if showingPlaceholder {
text = nil
textColor = nil // Put the text back to the default, unmodified color
showingPlaceholder = false
}
return super.becomeFirstResponder()
}
override func resignFirstResponder() -> Bool {
// If there's no text, put the placeholder back
if text.isEmpty {
showPlaceholderText()
}
return super.resignFirstResponder()
}
private func showPlaceholderText() {
showingPlaceholder = true
textColor = placeholderTextColor
text = placeholderText
}
}
我通過使用兩個不同的文本視圖來做到這一點:
這個想法是,一旦用戶開始在前景視圖中輸入內容,背景中的占位符就會消失(如果用戶刪除所有內容,則會重新出現)。 因此它的行為與單行文本字段的占位符完全一樣。
這是我用於它的代碼。 請注意, descriptionField 是用戶鍵入的字段,而 descriptionPlaceholder 是后台的字段。
func textViewDidChange(descriptionField: UITextView) {
if descriptionField.text.isEmpty == false {
descriptionPlaceholder.text = ""
} else {
descriptionPlaceholder.text = descriptionPlaceholderText
}
}
我試圖從clearlight的回答中簡化代碼。
extension UITextView{
func setPlaceholder() {
let placeholderLabel = UILabel()
placeholderLabel.text = "Enter some text..."
placeholderLabel.font = UIFont.italicSystemFont(ofSize: (self.font?.pointSize)!)
placeholderLabel.sizeToFit()
placeholderLabel.tag = 222
placeholderLabel.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 5, y: (self.font?.pointSize)! / 2)
placeholderLabel.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
placeholderLabel.isHidden = !self.text.isEmpty
self.addSubview(placeholderLabel)
}
func checkPlaceholder() {
let placeholderLabel = self.viewWithTag(222) as! UILabel
placeholderLabel.isHidden = !self.text.isEmpty
}
}
用法
override func viewDidLoad() {
textView.delegate = self
textView.setPlaceholder()
}
func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
textView.checkPlaceholder()
}
這是我用來完成這項工作的方法。
@IBDesignable class UIPlaceholderTextView: UITextView {
var placeholderLabel: UILabel?
override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
sharedInit()
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
sharedInit()
}
override func prepareForInterfaceBuilder() {
sharedInit()
}
func sharedInit() {
refreshPlaceholder()
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(textChanged), name: UITextView.textDidChangeNotification, object: nil)
}
@IBInspectable var placeholder: String? {
didSet {
refreshPlaceholder()
}
}
@IBInspectable var placeholderColor: UIColor? = .darkGray {
didSet {
refreshPlaceholder()
}
}
@IBInspectable var placeholderFontSize: CGFloat = 14 {
didSet {
refreshPlaceholder()
}
}
func refreshPlaceholder() {
if placeholderLabel == nil {
placeholderLabel = UILabel()
let contentView = self.subviews.first ?? self
contentView.addSubview(placeholderLabel!)
placeholderLabel?.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
placeholderLabel?.leftAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.leftAnchor, constant: textContainerInset.left + 4).isActive = true
placeholderLabel?.rightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.rightAnchor, constant: textContainerInset.right + 4).isActive = true
placeholderLabel?.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.topAnchor, constant: textContainerInset.top).isActive = true
placeholderLabel?.bottomAnchor.constraint(lessThanOrEqualTo: contentView.bottomAnchor, constant: textContainerInset.bottom).isActive = true
}
placeholderLabel?.text = placeholder
placeholderLabel?.textColor = placeholderColor
placeholderLabel?.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: placeholderFontSize)
}
@objc func textChanged() {
if self.placeholder?.isEmpty ?? true {
return
}
UIView.animate(withDuration: 0.25) {
if self.text.isEmpty {
self.placeholderLabel?.alpha = 1.0
} else {
self.placeholderLabel?.alpha = 0.0
}
}
}
override var text: String! {
didSet {
textChanged()
}
}
}
我知道有幾種與此類似的方法,但這種方法的好處在於它可以:
視圖加載中的 SET 值
txtVw!.autocorrectionType = UITextAutocorrectionType.No
txtVw!.text = "Write your Placeholder"
txtVw!.textColor = UIColor.lightGrayColor()
func textViewDidBeginEditing(textView: UITextView) {
if (txtVw?.text == "Write your Placeholder")
{
txtVw!.text = nil
txtVw!.textColor = UIColor.blackColor()
}
}
func textViewDidEndEditing(textView: UITextView) {
if txtVw!.text.isEmpty
{
txtVw!.text = "Write your Placeholder"
txtVw!.textColor = UIColor.lightGrayColor()
}
textView.resignFirstResponder()
}
另一種解決方案(Swift 3):
import UIKit
protocol PlaceholderTextViewDelegate {
func placeholderTextViewDidChangeText(_ text:String)
func placeholderTextViewDidEndEditing(_ text:String)
}
final class PlaceholderTextView: UITextView {
var notifier:PlaceholderTextViewDelegate?
var placeholder: String? {
didSet {
placeholderLabel?.text = placeholder
}
}
var placeholderColor = UIColor.lightGray
var placeholderFont = UIFont.appMainFontForSize(14.0) {
didSet {
placeholderLabel?.font = placeholderFont
}
}
fileprivate var placeholderLabel: UILabel?
// MARK: - LifeCycle
init() {
super.init(frame: CGRect.zero, textContainer: nil)
awakeFromNib()
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
}
override func awakeFromNib() {
super.awakeFromNib()
self.delegate = self
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(PlaceholderTextView.textDidChangeHandler(notification:)), name: .UITextViewTextDidChange, object: nil)
placeholderLabel = UILabel()
placeholderLabel?.textColor = placeholderColor
placeholderLabel?.text = placeholder
placeholderLabel?.textAlignment = .left
placeholderLabel?.numberOfLines = 0
}
override func layoutSubviews() {
super.layoutSubviews()
placeholderLabel?.font = placeholderFont
var height:CGFloat = placeholderFont.lineHeight
if let data = placeholderLabel?.text {
let expectedDefaultWidth:CGFloat = bounds.size.width
let fontSize:CGFloat = placeholderFont.pointSize
let textView = UITextView()
textView.text = data
textView.font = UIFont.appMainFontForSize(fontSize)
let sizeForTextView = textView.sizeThatFits(CGSize(width: expectedDefaultWidth,
height: CGFloat.greatestFiniteMagnitude))
let expectedTextViewHeight = sizeForTextView.height
if expectedTextViewHeight > height {
height = expectedTextViewHeight
}
}
placeholderLabel?.frame = CGRect(x: 5, y: 0, width: bounds.size.width - 16, height: height)
if text.isEmpty {
addSubview(placeholderLabel!)
bringSubview(toFront: placeholderLabel!)
} else {
placeholderLabel?.removeFromSuperview()
}
}
func textDidChangeHandler(notification: Notification) {
layoutSubviews()
}
}
extension PlaceholderTextView : UITextViewDelegate {
// MARK: - UITextViewDelegate
func textView(_ textView: UITextView, shouldChangeTextIn range: NSRange, replacementText text: String) -> Bool {
if(text == "\n") {
textView.resignFirstResponder()
return false
}
return true
}
func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
notifier?.placeholderTextViewDidChangeText(textView.text)
}
func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
notifier?.placeholderTextViewDidEndEditing(textView.text)
}
}
結果
斯威夫特 3.2
extension EditProfileVC:UITextViewDelegate{
func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if textView.textColor == UIColor.lightGray {
textView.text = nil
textView.textColor = UIColor.black
}
}
func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if textView.text.isEmpty {
textView.text = "Placeholder"
textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
}
}
}
首先當用戶開始編輯 textViewDidBeginEditing 調用,然后檢查文本灰色的顏色是否意味着用戶沒有寫任何內容,然后設置為 textview nil 並將顏色更改為黑色以供用戶發短信。
當用戶結束編輯 textViewDidEndEditing 被調用並檢查用戶是否沒有在 textview 中寫入任何內容時,將文本設置為帶有文本“PlaceHolder”的灰色
一個對我有用的簡單快速的解決方案是:
@IBDesignable
class PlaceHolderTextView: UITextView {
@IBInspectable var placeholder: String = "" {
didSet{
updatePlaceHolder()
}
}
@IBInspectable var placeholderColor: UIColor = UIColor.gray {
didSet {
updatePlaceHolder()
}
}
private var originalTextColor = UIColor.darkText
private var originalText: String = ""
private func updatePlaceHolder() {
if self.text == "" || self.text == placeholder {
self.text = placeholder
self.textColor = placeholderColor
if let color = self.textColor {
self.originalTextColor = color
}
self.originalText = ""
} else {
self.textColor = self.originalTextColor
self.originalText = self.text
}
}
override func becomeFirstResponder() -> Bool {
let result = super.becomeFirstResponder()
self.text = self.originalText
self.textColor = self.originalTextColor
return result
}
override func resignFirstResponder() -> Bool {
let result = super.resignFirstResponder()
updatePlaceHolder()
return result
}
}
這是我解決這個問題的方法( Swift 4 ):
我們的想法是制作最簡單的解決方案,允許使用不同顏色的占位符,將大小調整為占位符大小,不會覆蓋delegate
同時保持所有UITextView
函數按預期工作。
import UIKit
class PlaceholderTextView: UITextView {
var placeholderColor: UIColor = .lightGray
var defaultTextColor: UIColor = .black
private var isShowingPlaceholder = false {
didSet {
if isShowingPlaceholder {
text = placeholder
textColor = placeholderColor
} else {
textColor = defaultTextColor
}
}
}
var placeholder: String? {
didSet {
isShowingPlaceholder = !hasText
}
}
@objc private func textViewDidBeginEditing(notification: Notification) {
textColor = defaultTextColor
if isShowingPlaceholder { text = nil }
}
@objc private func textViewDidEndEditing(notification: Notification) {
isShowingPlaceholder = !hasText
}
// MARK: - Construction -
override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
setup()
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
setup()
}
private func setup() {
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(textViewDidBeginEditing(notification:)), name: UITextView.textDidBeginEditingNotification, object: nil)
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(textViewDidEndEditing(notification:)), name: UITextView.textDidEndEditingNotification, object: nil)
}
// MARK: - Destruction -
deinit { NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self) }
}
如果我們在項目中使用 pod IQKeyboardManagerSwift
,我們可以很容易地實現 textview PlaceHolder,只需遵循 4 個步驟
IQTextView
類分配給我們的TextView
類。IQKeyboardManagerSwift
textView
的出口 // :)textView
提供一些占位符文本這是自定義類,它為占位符設置動畫。
class CustomTextView: UITextView {
// MARK: - public
public var placeHolderText: String? = "Enter Reason.."
public lazy var placeHolderLabel: UILabel! = {
let placeHolderLabel = UILabel(frame: .zero)
placeHolderLabel.numberOfLines = 0
placeHolderLabel.backgroundColor = .clear
placeHolderLabel.alpha = 0.5
return placeHolderLabel
}()
// MARK: - Init
override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
enableNotifications()
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
enableNotifications()
}
func setup() {
placeHolderLabel.frame = CGRect(x: 8, y: 8, width: self.bounds.size.width - 16, height: 15)
placeHolderLabel.sizeToFit()
}
// MARK: - Cycle
override func awakeFromNib() {
super.awakeFromNib()
textContainerInset = UIEdgeInsets(top: 8, left: 5, bottom: 8, right: 8)
returnKeyType = .done
addSubview(placeHolderLabel)
placeHolderLabel.frame = CGRect(x: 8, y: 8, width: self.bounds.size.width - 16, height: 15)
placeHolderLabel.textColor = textColor
placeHolderLabel.font = font
placeHolderLabel.text = placeHolderText
bringSubviewToFront(placeHolderLabel)
}
override func layoutSubviews() {
super.layoutSubviews()
setup()
}
// MARK: - Notifications
private func enableNotifications() {
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(textDidChangeNotification(_:)), name: UITextView.textDidChangeNotification , object: nil)
}
@objc func textDidChangeNotification(_ notify: Notification) {
guard self == notify.object as? UITextView else { return }
guard placeHolderText != nil else { return }
UIView.animate(withDuration: 0.25, animations: {
self.placeHolderLabel.alpha = (self.text.count == 0) ? 0.5 : 0
}, completion: nil)
}
}
我不知道為什么人們把這個問題復雜化得如此之多......它相當直接和簡單。 這是提供請求功能的 UITextView 的子類。
- (void)customInit
{
self.contentMode = UIViewContentModeRedraw;
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(textChanged:) name:UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification object:nil];
}
- (void)textChanged:(NSNotification *)notification
{
if (notification.object == self) {
if(self.textStorage.length != 0 || !self.textStorage.length) {
[self setNeedsDisplay];
}
}
}
#pragma mark - Setters
- (void)setPlaceholderText:(NSString *)placeholderText withFont:(UIFont *)font
{
self.placeholderText = placeholderText;
self.placeholderTextFont = font;
}
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
{
[super drawRect:rect];
[[UIColor lightGrayColor] setFill];
if (self.textStorage.length != 0) {
return;
}
CGRect inset = CGRectInset(rect, 8, 8);//Default rect insets for textView
NSDictionary *attributes = @{NSFontAttributeName: self.placeholderTextFont, NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor grayColor]};
[self.placeholderText drawInRect:inset withAttributes:attributes];
}`
如果您使用多個文本視圖,這是我准備使用的解決方案
func textViewShouldBeginEditing(textView: UITextView) -> Bool {
// Set cursor to the beginning if placeholder is set
if textView.textColor == UIColor.lightGrayColor() {
textView.selectedTextRange = textView.textRangeFromPosition(textView.beginningOfDocument, toPosition: textView.beginningOfDocument)
}
return true
}
func textView(textView: UITextView, shouldChangeTextInRange range: NSRange, replacementText text: String) -> Bool {
// Remove placeholder
if textView.textColor == UIColor.lightGrayColor() && text.characters.count > 0 {
textView.text = ""
textView.textColor = UIColor.blackColor()
}
if text == "\n" {
textView.resignFirstResponder()
return false
}
return true
}
func textViewDidChange(textView: UITextView) {
// Set placeholder if text is empty
if textView.text.isEmpty {
textView.text = NSLocalizedString("Hint", comment: "hint")
textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGrayColor()
textView.selectedTextRange = textView.textRangeFromPosition(textView.beginningOfDocument, toPosition: textView.beginningOfDocument)
}
}
func textViewDidChangeSelection(textView: UITextView) {
// Set cursor to the beginning if placeholder is set
let firstPosition = textView.textRangeFromPosition(textView.beginningOfDocument, toPosition: textView.beginningOfDocument)
// Do not change position recursively
if textView.textColor == UIColor.lightGrayColor() && textView.selectedTextRange != firstPosition {
textView.selectedTextRange = firstPosition
}
}
Swift - 我編寫了一個繼承 UITextView 的類,並添加了一個 UILabel 作為子視圖以充當占位符。
import UIKit
@IBDesignable
class HintedTextView: UITextView {
@IBInspectable var hintText: String = "hintText" {
didSet{
hintLabel.text = hintText
}
}
private lazy var hintLabel: UILabel = {
let label = UILabel()
label.font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(16)
label.textColor = UIColor.lightGrayColor()
label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
return label
}()
override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
setupView()
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
setupView()
}
override func prepareForInterfaceBuilder() {
super.prepareForInterfaceBuilder()
setupView()
}
private func setupView() {
translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
delegate = self
font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(16)
addSubview(hintLabel)
NSLayoutConstraint.activateConstraints([
hintLabel.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(leftAnchor, constant: 4),
hintLabel.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(rightAnchor, constant: 8),
hintLabel.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(topAnchor, constant: 4),
hintLabel.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(30)
])
}
override func layoutSubviews() {
super.layoutSubviews()
setupView()
}
}
斯威夫特 3.1
這個擴展對我來說效果很好: https : //github.com/devxoul/UITextView-Placeholder
這是一個代碼片段:
通過 pod 安裝:
pod 'UITextView+Placeholder', '~> 1.2'
將其導入您的班級
import UITextView_Placeholder
並將placeholder
屬性添加到您已經創建的UITextView
textView.placeholder = "Put some detail"
迅速:
添加您的TextView
@IBOutlet
:
@IBOutlet weak var txtViewMessage: UITextView!
在viewWillAppear
方法中,添加以下內容:
override func viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
super.viewWillAppear(animated)
txtViewMessage.delegate = self // Give TextViewMessage delegate Method
txtViewMessage.text = "Place Holder Name"
txtViewMessage.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
}
請添加Delegate
使用擴展(UITextViewDelegate):
// MARK: - UITextViewDelegate
extension ViewController: UITextViewDelegate {
func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if !txtViewMessage.text!.isEmpty && txtViewMessage.text! == "Place Holder Name" {
txtViewMessage.text = ""
txtViewMessage.textColor = UIColor.black
}
}
func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if txtViewMessage.text.isEmpty {
txtViewMessage.text = "Place Holder Name"
txtViewMessage.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
}
}
}
與這篇文章中的幾乎所有答案相反, UITextView
確實有一個占位符屬性。 由於我無法理解的原因,它僅在 IB 中公開,因此:
<userDefinedRuntimeAttributes>
<userDefinedRuntimeAttribute type="string" keyPath="placeholder" value="My Placeholder"/>
</userDefinedRuntimeAttributes>
因此,如果您使用故事板並且靜態占位符就足夠了,只需在檢查器上設置屬性即可。
您還可以在代碼中設置此屬性,如下所示:
textView.setValue("My Placeholder", forKeyPath: "placeholder")
天氣多雲,這是通過私有 API 訪問的,因為該屬性是公開的。
我沒試過用這種方法提交。 但我很快就會以這種方式提交,並會相應地更新這個答案。
更新:
我已經在多個版本中發布了此代碼,Apple 沒有出現任何問題。
更新:這只適用於 Xcode 11.2 之前的版本
斯威夫特 5.2
單機類
如果您想要一個可以在任何地方使用的類,請使用它,因為它是自包含的
import UIKit
class PlaceHolderTextView:UITextView, UITextViewDelegate{
var placeholderText = "placeholderText"
override func willMove(toSuperview newSuperview: UIView?) {
textColor = .lightText
delegate = self
}
func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if textView.text == placeholderText{
placeholderText = textView.text
textView.text = ""
textView.textColor = .darkText
}
}
func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if textView.text == ""{
textView.text = placeholderText
textColor = .lightText
}
}
}
這里的關鍵是willMove(toSuperView:)
函數,因為它允許您在添加到另一個視圖的層次結構之前設置視圖(類似於 ViewControllers 中的 viewDidLoad/viewWillAppear)
無需添加任何第三方庫。 只需使用以下代碼...
class SubmitReviewVC : UIViewController, UITextViewDelegate {
@IBOutlet var txtMessage : UITextView!
var lblPlaceHolder : UILabel!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
txtMessage.delegate = self
lblPlaceHolder = UILabel()
lblPlaceHolder.text = "Enter message..."
lblPlaceHolder.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: txtMessage.font!.pointSize)
lblPlaceHolder.sizeToFit()
txtMessage.addSubview(lblPlaceHolder)
lblPlaceHolder.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 5, y: (txtMessage.font?.pointSize)! / 2)
lblPlaceHolder.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
lblPlaceHolder.isHidden = !txtMessage.text.isEmpty
}
func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
lblPlaceHolder.isHidden = !textView.text.isEmpty
}
}
ios 中沒有這樣的屬性可以直接在 TextView 中添加占位符,而您可以添加標簽並顯示/隱藏 textView 中的更改。 SWIFT 2.0 並確保實現 textviewdelegate
func textViewDidChange(TextView: UITextView)
{
if txtShortDescription.text == ""
{
self.lblShortDescription.hidden = false
}
else
{
self.lblShortDescription.hidden = true
}
}
我喜歡@nerdist 的解決方案。 基於此,我創建了UITextView
的擴展:
import Foundation
import UIKit
extension UITextView
{
private func add(_ placeholder: UILabel) {
for view in self.subviews {
if let lbl = view as? UILabel {
if lbl.text == placeholder.text {
lbl.removeFromSuperview()
}
}
}
self.addSubview(placeholder)
}
func addPlaceholder(_ placeholder: UILabel?) {
if let ph = placeholder {
ph.numberOfLines = 0 // support for multiple lines
ph.font = UIFont.italicSystemFont(ofSize: (self.font?.pointSize)!)
ph.sizeToFit()
self.add(ph)
ph.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 5, y: (self.font?.pointSize)! / 2)
ph.textColor = UIColor(white: 0, alpha: 0.3)
updateVisibility(ph)
}
}
func updateVisibility(_ placeHolder: UILabel?) {
if let ph = placeHolder {
ph.isHidden = !self.text.isEmpty
}
}
}
例如,在 ViewController 類中,我是這樣使用它的:
class MyViewController: UIViewController, UITextViewDelegate {
private var notePlaceholder: UILabel!
@IBOutlet weak var txtNote: UITextView!
...
// UIViewController
override func viewDidLoad() {
notePlaceholder = UILabel()
notePlaceholder.text = "title\nsubtitle\nmore..."
txtNote.addPlaceholder(notePlaceholder)
...
}
// UITextViewDelegate
func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
txtNote.updateVisbility(notePlaceholder)
...
}
UITextview 上的占位符!
更新:
如果您在代碼中更改 textview 的文本,請記住調用 updateVisibitly 方法來隱藏占位符:
txtNote.text = "something in code"
txtNote.updateVisibility(self.notePlaceholder) // hide placeholder if text is not empty.
為了防止占位符被多次添加,在extension
add()
了一個私有的add()
函數。
在 swift2.2 中:
public class CustomTextView: UITextView {
private struct Constants {
static let defaultiOSPlaceholderColor = UIColor(red: 0.0, green: 0.0, blue: 0.0980392, alpha: 0.22)
}
private let placeholderLabel: UILabel = UILabel()
private var placeholderLabelConstraints = [NSLayoutConstraint]()
@IBInspectable public var placeholder: String = "" {
didSet {
placeholderLabel.text = placeholder
}
}
@IBInspectable public var placeholderColor: UIColor = CustomTextView.Constants.defaultiOSPlaceholderColor {
didSet {
placeholderLabel.textColor = placeholderColor
}
}
override public var font: UIFont! {
didSet {
placeholderLabel.font = font
}
}
override public var textAlignment: NSTextAlignment {
didSet {
placeholderLabel.textAlignment = textAlignment
}
}
override public var text: String! {
didSet {
textDidChange()
}
}
override public var attributedText: NSAttributedString! {
didSet {
textDidChange()
}
}
override public var textContainerInset: UIEdgeInsets {
didSet {
updateConstraintsForPlaceholderLabel()
}
}
override public init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
commonInit()
}
required public init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
commonInit()
}
private func commonInit() {
NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().addObserver(self,
selector: #selector(textDidChange),
name: UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification,
object: nil)
placeholderLabel.font = font
placeholderLabel.textColor = placeholderColor
placeholderLabel.textAlignment = textAlignment
placeholderLabel.text = placeholder
placeholderLabel.numberOfLines = 0
placeholderLabel.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()
placeholderLabel.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
addSubview(placeholderLabel)
updateConstraintsForPlaceholderLabel()
}
private func updateConstraintsForPlaceholderLabel() {
var newConstraints = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:|-(\(textContainerInset.left + textContainer.lineFragmentPadding))-[placeholder]",
options: [],
metrics: nil,
views: ["placeholder": placeholderLabel])
newConstraints += NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-(\(textContainerInset.top))-[placeholder]",
options: [],
metrics: nil,
views: ["placeholder": placeholderLabel])
newConstraints.append(NSLayoutConstraint(
item: placeholderLabel,
attribute: .Width,
relatedBy: .Equal,
toItem: self,
attribute: .Width,
multiplier: 1.0,
constant: -(textContainerInset.left + textContainerInset.right + textContainer.lineFragmentPadding * 2.0)
))
removeConstraints(placeholderLabelConstraints)
addConstraints(newConstraints)
placeholderLabelConstraints = newConstraints
}
@objc private func textDidChange() {
placeholderLabel.hidden = !text.isEmpty
}
public override func layoutSubviews() {
super.layoutSubviews()
placeholderLabel.preferredMaxLayoutWidth = textContainer.size.width - textContainer.lineFragmentPadding * 2.0
}
deinit {
NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().removeObserver(self,
name: UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification,
object: nil)
}
}
在 swift3 中:
import UIKit
類 CustomTextView: UITextView {
private struct Constants {
static let defaultiOSPlaceholderColor = UIColor(red: 0.0, green: 0.0, blue: 0.0980392, alpha: 0.22)
}
private let placeholderLabel: UILabel = UILabel()
private var placeholderLabelConstraints = [NSLayoutConstraint]()
@IBInspectable public var placeholder: String = "" {
didSet {
placeholderLabel.text = placeholder
}
}
@IBInspectable public var placeholderColor: UIColor = CustomTextView.Constants.defaultiOSPlaceholderColor {
didSet {
placeholderLabel.textColor = placeholderColor
}
}
override public var font: UIFont! {
didSet {
placeholderLabel.font = font
}
}
override public var textAlignment: NSTextAlignment {
didSet {
placeholderLabel.textAlignment = textAlignment
}
}
override public var text: String! {
didSet {
textDidChange()
}
}
override public var attributedText: NSAttributedString! {
didSet {
textDidChange()
}
}
override public var textContainerInset: UIEdgeInsets {
didSet {
updateConstraintsForPlaceholderLabel()
}
}
override public init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
commonInit()
}
required public init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
commonInit()
}
private func commonInit() {
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self,
selector: #selector(textDidChange),
name: NSNotification.Name.UITextViewTextDidChange,
object: nil)
placeholderLabel.font = font
placeholderLabel.textColor = placeholderColor
placeholderLabel.textAlignment = textAlignment
placeholderLabel.text = placeholder
placeholderLabel.numberOfLines = 0
placeholderLabel.backgroundColor = UIColor.clear
placeholderLabel.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
addSubview(placeholderLabel)
updateConstraintsForPlaceholderLabel()
}
private func updateConstraintsForPlaceholderLabel() {
var newConstraints = NSLayoutConstraint.constraints(withVisualFormat: "H:|-(\(textContainerInset.left + textContainer.lineFragmentPadding))-[placeholder]",
options: [],
metrics: nil,
views: ["placeholder": placeholderLabel])
newConstraints += NSLayoutConstraint.constraints(withVisualFormat: "V:|-(\(textContainerInset.top))-[placeholder]",
options: [],
metrics: nil,
views: ["placeholder": placeholderLabel])
newConstraints.append(NSLayoutConstraint(
item: placeholderLabel,
attribute: .width,
relatedBy: .equal,
toItem: self,
attribute: .width,
multiplier: 1.0,
constant: -(textContainerInset.left + textContainerInset.right + textContainer.lineFragmentPadding * 2.0)
))
removeConstraints(placeholderLabelConstraints)
addConstraints(newConstraints)
placeholderLabelConstraints = newConstraints
}
@objc private func textDidChange() {
placeholderLabel.isHidden = !text.isEmpty
}
public override func layoutSubviews() {
super.layoutSubviews()
placeholderLabel.preferredMaxLayoutWidth = textContainer.size.width - textContainer.lineFragmentPadding * 2.0
}
deinit {
NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self,
name: NSNotification.Name.UITextViewTextDidChange,
object: nil)
}
}
我用swift寫了一個類。 您需要在需要時導入此類。
由於聲譽,我無法添加評論。 在@clearlight 答案中再添加一個委托需求。
func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
cell.placeholderLabel.isHidden = !textView.text.isEmpty
}
是需要
因為textViewDidChange
不是第一次調用
不,沒有任何可用於 textview 的占位符。 當用戶在 textview 中輸入時,您必須將標簽放在它上面,然后在用戶輸入時將其隱藏或設置為默認值,刪除所有值。
func setPlaceholder(){ var placeholderLabel = UILabel() placeholderLabel.text = "Describe your need..." placeholderLabel.font = UIFont.init(name: "Lato-Regular", size: 15.0) ?? UIFont.boldSystemFont(ofSize: 14.0) placeholderLabel.sizeToFit() descriptionTextView.addSubview(placeholderLabel) placeholderLabel.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 5, y: (descriptionTextView.font?.pointSize)! / 2) placeholderLabel.textColor = UIColor.lightGray placeholderLabel.isHidden = !descriptionTextView.text.isEmpty } //Delegate Method. func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) { placeholderLabel.isHidden = !textView.text.isEmpty }
一旦編輯完成,我不得不調度隊列讓我的占位符文本重新出現。
func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if textView.text == "Description" {
textView.text = nil
}
}
func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if textView.text.isEmpty {
DispatchQueue.main.async {
textView.text = "Description"
}
}
}
我們的解決方案避免了UITextView
text
和textColor
屬性的textColor
,如果您要維護字符計數器,這將非常方便。
這很簡單:
1)在Storyboard中創建一個虛擬UITextView
,其屬性與主UITextView
相同。 將占位符文本分配給虛擬文本。
2)對齊兩個UITextViews.
的頂部,左側和右側UITextViews.
3)將假人放在主機后面。
4)覆蓋master的textViewDidChange(textView:)
委托函數,如果master包含0個字符,則顯示虛擬對象。 否則,請向主人展示。
假設兩個UITextViews
都有透明的背景。 如果沒有,則在有0個字符時將虛擬對象放在頂部,而在有> 0個字符時將其推到下方。 您還必須交換響應者,以確保光標遵循正確的UITextView
。
斯威夫特 4、4.2 和 5
[![@IBOutlet var detailTextView: UITextView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
detailTextView.delegate = self
}
extension ContactUsViewController : UITextViewDelegate {
public func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if textView.text == "Write your message here..." {
detailTextView.text = ""
detailTextView.textColor = UIColor.init(red: 0/255, green: 0/255, blue: 0/255, alpha: 0.86)
}
textView.becomeFirstResponder()
}
public func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if textView.text == "" {
detailTextView.text = "Write your message here..."
detailTextView.textColor = UIColor.init(red: 0/255, green: 0/255, blue: 0/255, alpha: 0.30)
}
textView.resignFirstResponder()
}
[![}][1]][1]
我相信這是一個非常干凈的解決方案。 它在實際文本視圖下方添加一個虛擬文本視圖,並根據實際文本視圖中的文本顯示或隱藏它:
import Foundation
import UIKit
class TextViewWithPlaceholder: UITextView {
private var placeholderTextView: UITextView = UITextView()
var placeholder: String? {
didSet {
placeholderTextView.text = placeholder
}
}
override var text: String! {
didSet {
placeholderTextView.isHidden = text.isEmpty == false
}
}
override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
commonInit()
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
commonInit()
}
private func commonInit() {
applyCommonTextViewAttributes(to: self)
configureMainTextView()
addPlaceholderTextView()
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self,
selector: #selector(textDidChange),
name: UITextView.textDidChangeNotification,
object: nil)
}
func addPlaceholderTextView() {
applyCommonTextViewAttributes(to: placeholderTextView)
configurePlaceholderTextView()
insertSubview(placeholderTextView, at: 0)
}
private func applyCommonTextViewAttributes(to textView: UITextView) {
textView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
textView.textContainer.lineFragmentPadding = 0
textView.textContainerInset = UIEdgeInsets(top: 10,
left: 10,
bottom: 10,
right: 10)
}
private func configureMainTextView() {
// Do any configuration of the actual text view here
}
private func configurePlaceholderTextView() {
placeholderTextView.text = placeholder
placeholderTextView.font = font
placeholderTextView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
placeholderTextView.frame = bounds
placeholderTextView.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]
}
override func layoutSubviews() {
super.layoutSubviews()
placeholderTextView.frame = bounds
}
@objc func textDidChange() {
placeholderTextView.isHidden = !text.isEmpty
}
}
以上是clearlight的答案的協議版本,因為協議很棒。 隨時隨地彈出。 扣籃!
extension UITextViewPlaceholder where Self: UIViewController {
// Use this in ViewController's ViewDidLoad method.
func addPlaceholder(text: String, toTextView: UITextView, font: UIFont? = nil) {
placeholderLabel = UILabel()
placeholderLabel.text = text
placeholderLabel.font = font ?? UIFont.italicSystemFont(ofSize: (toTextView.font?.pointSize)!)
placeholderLabel.sizeToFit()
toTextView.addSubview(placeholderLabel)
placeholderLabel.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 5, y: (toTextView.font?.pointSize)! / 2)
placeholderLabel.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
placeholderLabel.isHidden = !toTextView.text.isEmpty
}
// Use this function in the ViewController's textViewDidChange delegate method.
func textViewWithPlaceholderDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
placeholderLabel.isHidden = !textView.text.isEmpty
}
}
文本視圖代理方法
使用這兩個委托方法,並在您的類中編寫UITextViewDelegate
func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if (commentsTextView.text == "Type Your Comments")
{
commentsTextView.text = nil
commentsTextView.textColor = UIColor.darkGray
}
}
func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if commentsTextView.text.isEmpty
{
commentsTextView.text = "Type Your Comments"
commentsTextView.textColor = UIColor.darkGray
}
textView.resignFirstResponder()
}
這是可以放入UIStackView
的東西,它將使用內部高度約束自行調整大小。 可能需要調整以適應特定要求。
import UIKit
public protocol PlaceholderTextViewDelegate: class {
func placeholderTextViewTextChanged(_ textView: PlaceholderTextView, text: String)
}
public class PlaceholderTextView: UIView {
public weak var delegate: PlaceholderTextViewDelegate?
private var heightConstraint: NSLayoutConstraint?
public override init(frame: CGRect) {
self.allowsNewLines = true
super.init(frame: frame)
self.heightConstraint = self.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 0)
self.heightConstraint?.isActive = true
self.addSubview(self.placeholderTextView)
self.addSubview(self.textView)
self.pinToCorners(self.placeholderTextView)
self.pinToCorners(self.textView)
self.updateHeight()
}
public override func didMoveToSuperview() {
super.didMoveToSuperview()
self.updateHeight()
}
private func pinToCorners(_ view: UIView) {
NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
view.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.leadingAnchor),
view.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.trailingAnchor),
view.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.topAnchor),
view.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.bottomAnchor)
])
}
// Accessors
public var text: String? {
didSet {
self.textView.text = text
self.textViewDidChange(self.textView)
self.updateHeight()
}
}
public var textColor: UIColor? {
didSet {
self.textView.textColor = textColor
self.updateHeight()
}
}
public var font: UIFont? {
didSet {
self.textView.font = font
self.placeholderTextView.font = font
self.updateHeight()
}
}
public override var tintColor: UIColor? {
didSet {
self.textView.tintColor = tintColor
self.placeholderTextView.tintColor = tintColor
}
}
public var placeholderText: String? {
didSet {
self.placeholderTextView.text = placeholderText
self.updateHeight()
}
}
public var placeholderTextColor: UIColor? {
didSet {
self.placeholderTextView.textColor = placeholderTextColor
self.updateHeight()
}
}
public var allowsNewLines: Bool
public required init?(coder _: NSCoder) {
fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
}
private lazy var textView: UITextView = self.newTextView()
private lazy var placeholderTextView: UITextView = self.newTextView()
private func newTextView() -> UITextView {
let textView = UITextView()
textView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
textView.isScrollEnabled = false
textView.delegate = self
textView.backgroundColor = .clear
return textView
}
private func updateHeight() {
let maxSize = CGSize(width: self.frame.size.width, height: .greatestFiniteMagnitude)
let textViewSize = self.textView.sizeThatFits(maxSize)
let placeholderSize = self.placeholderTextView.sizeThatFits(maxSize)
let maxHeight = ceil(CGFloat.maximum(textViewSize.height, placeholderSize.height))
self.heightConstraint?.constant = maxHeight
}
}
extension PlaceholderTextView: UITextViewDelegate {
public func textViewDidChangeSelection(_: UITextView) {
self.placeholderTextView.alpha = self.textView.text.isEmpty ? 1 : 0
self.updateHeight()
}
public func textViewDidChange(_: UITextView) {
self.delegate?.placeholderTextViewTextChanged(self, text: self.textView.text)
}
public func textView(_: UITextView, shouldChangeTextIn _: NSRange,
replacementText text: String) -> Bool {
let containsNewLines = text.rangeOfCharacter(from: .newlines)?.isEmpty == .some(false)
guard !containsNewLines || self.allowsNewLines else { return false }
return true
}
}
另一種解決方案可能是像我一樣使用keyboardWillHide 和keyboardWillShow 通知。
首先,您需要分別在viewWillAppear
和viewWillAppear
方法中處理監聽和取消監聽通知(以處理內存泄漏)。
override func viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
super.viewWillAppear(animated)
setupKeyboardNotificationListeners(enable: true)
}
override func viewWillDisappear(_ animated: Bool) {
super.viewWillDisappear(animated)
setupKeyboardNotificationListeners(enable: false)
}
然后處理監聽/不監聽通知的方法:
private func setupKeyboardNotificationListeners(enable: Bool) {
if enable {
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(self.keyboardWillShow), name: NSNotification.Name.UIKeyboardWillShow, object: nil)
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(self.keyboardWillHide), name: NSNotification.Name.UIKeyboardWillHide, object: nil)
} else {
NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self)
}
}
然后在keyboardWillHide 和keyboardWillShow 的這兩個方法中處理文本的占位符和顏色變化。
@objc func keyboardWillShow(notification: NSNotification) {
if self.textView.text == self.placeholder {
self.textView.text = ""
self.textView.textColor = .black
}
}
@objc func keyboardWillHide(notification: NSNotification) {
if self.textView.text.isEmpty {
self.textView.text = self.placeholder
self.textView.textColor = .lightGrey
}
}
我發現這個解決方案是迄今為止最好的解決方案,因為一旦鍵盤出現而不是用戶開始輸入時,文本就會被刪除,這可能會導致混淆。
var placeholderLabel : UILabel!
textviewDescription.delegate = self
placeholderLabel = UILabel()
placeholderLabel.text = "Add a description"
func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
placeholderLabel.isHidden = !textviewDescription.text.isEmpty
}
有我的簡單版本的UITextView
與占位符。 主要思想是:
text
視圖的文本為空,則顯示占位符。class PlaceholderTextView: UITextView {
var placeholder = "" {
didSet {
if isPlaceholderVisible {
showPlaceholder()
}
}
}
var isPlaceholderVisible = true {
didSet {
isPlaceholderVisible ? showPlaceholder() : hidePlaceholder()
}
}
init() {
super.init(frame: .zero, textContainer: nil)
delegate = self
}
required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
}
private func showPlaceholder() {
text = placeholder
// Set other things like color of text for placeholder, ...
}
private func hidePlaceholder() {
text = ""
// Set other things like color of text for normal input, ...
}
}
extension PlaceholderTextView: UITextViewDelegate {
func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if isPlaceholderVisible {
isPlaceholderVisible = false
}
}
func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if text.isEmpty {
isPlaceholderVisible = true
}
}
}
這就是我所做的。 傾向於代碼的清晰和簡單。 我需要添加一個 textView,它會在我的應用程序上獲得一些額外的注釋。 保存后可以創建或修改此附加注釋。 見下文。 HTH。 :)
class NotesTextView: UITextView {
var placeholder = "" {
didSet {
showPlaceholder()
}
}
// if the text is the placeholder, then assign a color fitting for a
// placeholder text, else, assign it your color of choice.
override var text: String! {
didSet {
textColor = text == placeholder ? .tertiaryLabel : .systemBlue
}
}
override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
delegate = self
//config your font and translateAutoResizingMaskIntoConstraints here
}
required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
}
private func showPlaceholder() {
text = placeholder
}
private func hidePlaceholder() {
text = ""
}
}
extension NotesTextView: UITextViewDelegate {
func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if text == placeholder {
hidePlaceholder()
}
}
func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if text.isEmpty {
showPlaceholder()
}
}
}
斯威夫特
這是一個使用 UIVIewRepresentable 制作的 Swiftui TextView,它具有占位符功能和邊框顏色
struct TextView: UIViewRepresentable {
@Binding var text: String
var placeholderText: String
var textStyle: UIFont.TextStyle
func makeUIView(context: Context) -> UITextView {
let textView = UITextView()
textView.font = UIFont.preferredFont(forTextStyle: textStyle)
textView.autocapitalizationType = .sentences
textView.isSelectable = true
textView.isUserInteractionEnabled = true
textView.delegate = context.coordinator
textView.layer.borderWidth = 0.6
textView.layer.borderColor = UIColor.lightGray.cgColor
textView.layer.cornerRadius = 10
textView.text = placeholderText
textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
return textView
}
func updateUIView(_ uiView: UITextView, context: Context) {
uiView.text = text
uiView.font = UIFont.preferredFont(forTextStyle: textStyle)
}
func makeCoordinator() -> Coordinator {
Coordinator(self)
}
class Coordinator: NSObject, UITextViewDelegate {
var parent: TextView
init(_ parent: TextView) {
self.parent = parent
}
func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
self.parent.text = textView.text
}
func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if textView.textColor == UIColor.lightGray {
textView.text = nil
textView.textColor = UIColor.black
}
}
func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
if textView.text.isEmpty {
textView.text = self.parent.placeholderText
textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
}
}
}
}
然后在你的視圖中你可以像這樣使用它
TextView(text: self.$viewModel.addPostCommentText, placeholderText: "Share your story about this cash", textStyle: .body)
.padding()
.frame(height: 150)
導入 UIKit 導入 RxSwift
@IBDesignable 類 TextViewWithPlaceholder: UITextView {
//MARK: - Propertise
@IBInspectable var placeholderText: String = ""
let placeholderLabel = LocalizedUILabel()
private let hidePlaceholderObserver = PublishSubject<Bool>()
let disposeBag = DisposeBag()
//MARK: - Did Move To Window
override func didMoveToWindow() {
super.didMoveToWindow()
observeOnTextViewEditing()
configurePlaceholder()
}
//MARK: - Observe On Text View Editing
private func observeOnTextViewEditing() {
rx.text.subscribe(onNext: { [weak self] selectedText in
guard let self = self else { return }
self.hidePlaceholderObserver.onNext((selectedText?.isEmpty ?? true) ? false : true)
}).disposed(by: disposeBag)
}
//MARK: - Observe On Show Hide Placeholder
private func configurePlaceholder() {
hidePlaceholderObserver
.bind(to: placeholderLabel.rx.isHidden)
.disposed(by: disposeBag)
placeholderLabel.text = placeholderText
placeholderLabel.font = UIFont(name: "Poppins-Semibold", size: 16) ?? UIFont()
placeholderLabel.textColor = .lightGray
placeholderLabel.sizeToFit()
placeholderLabel.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 8, y: 8)
addSubview(placeholderLabel)
}
}
我知道這是一個老問題,但想分享我認為擴展 UITextView 以具有 placeholderText 和 placeholderColor 字段的有用方法。 基本上你將 UITextView 轉換為 UITextField ,然后設置 attributesPlaceholder 字段。 PlaceholderText 和 placeholderColor 是 IBInspectable 字段,因此可以在 IB 中設置它們的值,並且其行為與 UITextField 占位符功能完全相同。
UITextView+Extend.h
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface UITextView (Extend)
@property (nonatomic) IBInspectable NSString *placeholderText;
@property (nonatomic) IBInspectable UIColor *placeholderColor;
@end
UITextView+Extend.m
#import "UITextView+Extend.h"
#import "objc/runtime.h"
@implementation UITextView (Extend)
- (void)setPlaceholderText:(NSString *)placeholderText
{
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, @selector(placeholderText), placeholderText, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
[self updatePlaceholderText];
}
- (NSString*)placeholderText
{
return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, @selector(placeholderText));
}
- (void)setPlaceholderColor:(UIColor *)placeholderColor
{
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, @selector(placeholderColor), placeholderColor, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
[self updatePlaceholderText];
}
- (UIColor*)placeholderColor
{
return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, @selector(placeholderColor));
}
- (void)updatePlaceholderText
{
NSString *text = self.placeholderText;
UIColor *color = self.placeholderColor;
if(text && color)
{
UITextField *textField = (UITextField*)self;
textField.attributedPlaceholder = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:text attributes:@{NSForegroundColorAttributeName:color}];
}
}
@end
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