在Django表單中使用外鍵引用對象

Question

我做了很多搜索來尋找自己面臨的問題，但是找不到合適的解決方案。 我是Django初學者

我正在創建一個項目，在該項目中，用戶將能夠提出一個願望，其他用戶將被分配該願望，然后他們可以繪制並提交。

我創建了用於詢問和獲得願望的視圖，但是在提交該草圖時遇到了問題。 我不知道如何在add_sketch表單中僅向當前用戶顯示這些願望，然后使用此新草圖更新草圖模型。 現在，我只是將charField用於上傳的草圖。 這是代碼

models.py

class Wish(models.Model):

    content = models.CharField(max_length=500)
    wisher = models.ForeignKey(User)
    created_on = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    locked = models.BooleanField(default=False)

    class Meta():
        verbose_name_plural = 'Wishes'

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.content



class Sketch(models.Model):

    wish = models.ForeignKey(Wish)
    sketcher = models.ForeignKey(User)
    image_temp = models.CharField(max_length=128)
    likes = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    assigned_on = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    submitted_on = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)

    class Meta():
        verbose_name_plural = 'Sketches'

    def __unicode__(self):
        return "Sketch for \""+ self.wish.content + "\""

views.py

@login_required
def add_sketch(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        sketch_form = SketchForm(request.POST)

        if sketch_form.is_valid():
            add_sketch = sketch_form.save(commit=False)
            add_sketch.save()

            return sketchawish(request)

        else:
            print sketch_form.errors

    else:
        sketch_form = SketchForm()

    return render(request, 'saw/add_sketch.html', {'sketch_form': sketch_form})

這是forms.py

class GetWishForm(forms.ModelForm):
    wish = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset= Wish.objects.filter(pk__in = Wish.objects.filter(locked=False)[:3].values_list('pk')), initial=0)

    class Meta:
        model = Sketch
        fields = ('wish',)

class SketchForm(forms.ModelForm):
    wish = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset= Sketch.objects.all(), initial=0)
    image_temp = forms.CharField(help_text='Imagine this is an upload button for image, write anything')

    class Meta:
        model = Sketch
        fields = ('wish', 'image_temp')

更新：

我根據@almalki的建議編輯了代碼

forms.py

class SketchForm(forms.ModelForm):
    wish = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset= Sketch.objects.all(), initial=0)
    image_temp = forms.CharField(help_text='Imagine this is an upload button for image, write anything')

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(SketchForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.fields['wish'].queryset = kwargs.pop('wish_qs')

    class Meta:
        model = Sketch
        fields = ('wish', 'image_temp')

views.py

@login_required
def add_sketch(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        sketch_form = SketchForm(request.POST)

        if sketch_form.is_valid():
            add_sketch = sketch_form.save(commit=False)
            add_sketch.save()

            return sketchawish(request)

        else:
            print sketch_form.errors

    else:
        sketch_form = SketchForm(wish_qs=Wish.objects.filter(wisher=request.user))


    return render(request, 'saw/add_sketch.html', {'sketch_form': sketch_form})

我仍然收到錯誤init （），得到了意外的關鍵字參數'wish_qs'

更新2：

Forms.py與上面相同，這是我認為views.py應該是

@login_required
def add_sketch(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        sketch_form = SketchForm(request.POST, wish_qs=Sketch.objects.filter(sketcher=request.user))

        if sketch_form.is_valid():
            add_sketch = sketch_form.save(commit=False)
            add_sketch.save()

            return sketchawish(request)

        else:
            print sketch_form.errors

    else:
        sketch_form = SketchForm(wish_qs=Sketch.objects.filter(sketcher=request.user))


    return render(request, 'saw/add_sketch.html', {'sketch_form': sketch_form})

當我選擇一個願望，然后單擊提交時，錯誤是：取消分配“”：“ Sketch.wish”必須是“ Wish”實例。 我知道這是因為模型期望使用Wish實例，但是我們提供了Sketch實例，但是我不知道如何實現所需的功能。 我認為必須對model.py進行一些更改，以可逆方式連接Wish和Sketch。

Answer 1

您需要覆蓋表單初始化中的字段查詢集：

class SketchForm(forms.ModelForm):
    wish = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset= Sketch.objects.all(), initial=0)
    image_temp = forms.CharField(help_text='Imagine this is an upload button for image, write anything')

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        wish_qs = kwargs.pop('wish_qs')
        super(SketchForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.fields['wish'].queryset = wish_qs

    class Meta:
        model = Sketch
        fields = ('wish', 'image_temp')

並且在您的視圖中，您需要傳遞基於當前登錄用戶過濾的查詢集：

sketch_form = SketchForm(request.POST, wish_qs=Wish.objects.filter(wisher=request.user))

和：

sketch_form = SketchForm(wish_qs=Wish.objects.filter(wisher=request.user))