SQL Server SELECT 其中任何列包含“x”

Question

使用 SQL Server 2008，假設我有一個名為testing的表，其中包含 80 列，我想找到一個名為foo的值。

我可以：

SELECT * 
FROM testing 
WHERE COLNAME = 'foo'

是否可以查詢所有 80 列並返回 80 列中任何一列中包含foo的所有結果？

提前致謝。

Answer 1

您可以in ：

SELECT *
FROM testing 
WHERE 'foo' in (col1, col2, col3, . . . );

Answer 2

第一種方法（已測試）首先獲取以逗號分隔的字符串變量中的列列表，然后您可以使用IN使用該變量搜索 'foo'

檢查下面的存儲過程，它首先獲取列然后搜索字符串：

DECLARE @TABLE_NAME VARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(128)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

-- Set up the name of the table here :
SET @TABLE_NAME = 'testing'
-- Set up the name of the schema here, or just leave set to 'dbo' :
SET @SCHEMA_NAME = 'dbo'

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DECLARE @vvc_ColumnName VARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @vvc_ColumnList VARCHAR(MAX)

IF @SCHEMA_NAME =''
  BEGIN
  PRINT 'Error : No schema defined!'
  RETURN
  END

IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.tables T JOIN sys.schemas S
      ON T.schema_id=S.schema_id
      WHERE T.Name=@TABLE_NAME AND S.name=@SCHEMA_NAME)
  BEGIN
  PRINT 'Error : The table '''+@TABLE_NAME+''' in schema '''+
      @SCHEMA_NAME+''' does not exist in this database!' 
  RETURN
 END

DECLARE TableCursor CURSOR FAST_FORWARD FOR
SELECT   CASE WHEN PATINDEX('% %',C.name) > 0 
     THEN '['+ C.name +']' 
     ELSE C.name 
     END
FROM     sys.columns C
JOIN     sys.tables T
ON       C.object_id  = T.object_id
JOIN     sys.schemas S
ON       S.schema_id  = T.schema_id
WHERE    T.name    = @TABLE_NAME
AND      S.name    = @SCHEMA_NAME
ORDER BY column_id


SET @vvc_ColumnList=''

OPEN TableCursor
FETCH NEXT FROM TableCursor INTO @vvc_ColumnName

WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
  BEGIN
   SET @vvc_ColumnList = @vvc_ColumnList + @vvc_ColumnName

    -- get the details of the next column
   FETCH NEXT FROM TableCursor INTO @vvc_ColumnName

  -- add a comma if we are not at the end of the row
   IF @@FETCH_STATUS=0
    SET @vvc_ColumnList = @vvc_ColumnList + ','
   END

 CLOSE TableCursor
 DEALLOCATE TableCursor

-- Now search for `foo`


SELECT *
FROM testing 
WHERE 'foo' in (@vvc_ColumnList );

第二種方法在 sql server 中，您可以獲得表的對象 id，然后使用該對象 id 可以獲取列。 在這種情況下，它將如下所示：

步驟 1：首先獲取表的對象 ID

select * from sys.tables order by name    

第 2 步：現在獲取表格的列並在其中搜索：

 select * from testing where 'foo' in (select name from sys.columns  where  object_id =1977058079)

注意：object_id 是您在第一步中為相關表獲取的內容

Answer 3

我認為這是最好的方法之一

SELECT * FROM sys.columns  a
inner join 
(
SELECT object_id
FROM sys.tables 
where 
type='U'--user table
and name like 'testing' 
) b on a.object_id=b.object_id
WHERE a.name like '%foo%'

Answer 4

您可以使用 in 並且可以動態獲取列名並將它們傳遞給IN子句，方法是創建 sql 字符串並使用execute sp_executesql執行它。

declare @sql nvarchar(2100)
declare @cols nvarchar(2000)
declare @toSearch nvarchar(200)
declare @tableName nvarchar(200)
set @tableName = 'tbltemp'
set @toSearch = '5' 
set @cols =(
 SELECT LEFT(column_name, LEN(column_name) - 1)
FROM (
    SELECT column_name + ', '
    FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS where table_name = @tableName
    FOR XML PATH ('')
  ) c (column_name )
)
set @sql = 'select * from tbltemp where '''+ @toSearch + '''  in (' + @cols + ')';  
execute sp_executesql @sql

Answer 5

我從ubaid ashraf 的回答中得到了這個想法，但讓它真正起作用。 只需在此處更改 MyTableName：

SELECT STUFF((
    SELECT ', ' + c.name 
    FROM sys.columns  c
    JOIN sys.types AS t ON c.user_type_id=t.user_type_id
    WHERE t.name != 'int'  AND t.name != 'bit' AND t.name !='date' AND t.name !='datetime'
        AND object_id =(SELECT object_id FROM sys.tables WHERE name='MyTableName')
    FOR XML PATH('')),1,2,'')

您可以根據需要調整它並從 where 列（'t.name !='int' AND t.name !='bit' 等部分）添加或刪除條件，例如添加 't.name != ' uniqueidentifier'' 以避免Conversion failed when converting the varchar value 'myvalue' to data type int類型錯誤Conversion failed when converting the varchar value 'myvalue' to data type int 。

然后將結果復制粘貼到此查詢中（否則它不起作用）：

SELECT * from MyTableName where 'foo' in (COPY PASTE PREVIOUS QUERY RESULT INTO HERE)

Answer 6

--Obtain object_id
SELECT object_id FROM sys.tables WHERE name = <your_table>


--look for desired value in specified columns using below syntax
SELECT * FROM <your_table> WHERE <VALUE_YOU_SEARCH_FOR> in
(SELECT name FROM sys.tables WHERE object_id = <your_table_object_id>
and name like '<if_you_have_multiple_columns_with_same_name_pattern>')

Answer 7

我已經使用BornToCode 的答案，這個腳本生成查詢以在數據庫的任何視圖（可以是表）的所有 varchar 類型的列中查找值：

DECLARE @id INT
declare @name nvarchar(30)
DECLARE @getid CURSOR
declare @value nvarchar(30)
set @value = 'x'

SET @getid = CURSOR FOR
SELECT object_id,name
FROM   sys.views

OPEN @getid
FETCH NEXT
FROM @getid INTO @id, @name
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN

---------

SELECT  'SELECT * from ' + @name + ' where ''' + @value + ''' in (' + 
    STUFF((
    SELECT ', ' + c.name 
    FROM sys.columns  c
    JOIN sys.types AS t ON c.user_type_id=t.user_type_id
    WHERE t.name = 'varchar'--  AND t.name != 'bit' AND t.name !='date' AND t.name !='datetime'
        AND object_id =(SELECT object_id FROM sys.views WHERE name=@name)
    FOR XML PATH('')),1,2,'')
    + ')' as 'query'

------
FETCH NEXT
    FROM @getid INTO @id, @name

END

CLOSE @getid
DEALLOCATE @getid