[英]Populating an OWL ontology from external SPARQL endpoints
我想使用sparql端點鏈接兩個不同的數據集(比如說http://dbpedia.org/sparql和http://pubmed.bio2rdf.org/sparql ),我將從頭創建一個OWL本體,並且然后使用這兩個不同的數據集填充該本體。
我是語義Web和鏈接數據概念的新手。 如果你們給我一些例子/想法來開始這個事情?
您是否要使用SPARQL一次進行兩個本體查詢? 如果那樣的話,這是簡單的方法。 取兩個本體(.OWL文件),然后使用SPARQL(jena-fuseki服務器)對兩個OWL文件的前綴進行查詢。
你能詳細說明這個問題嗎? 您是否需要在端點上使用OWL文件或SPARQL查詢的示例。
在網上很難找到SPARQL技巧。 使用下面的示例,您可以填充您的本體。 我正在回答自己的問題,這讓我感到有些孤獨。
代替使用發布的sparql端點,我使用了gutenberg項目端點。 首先,我使用Protegé創建了一個本體。 這非常簡單直接。 Followinh是有關DBPedia和Gutenberg項目上的Kafka和Twain作品的元數據的示例查詢。
PREFIX gb: <yourOntologyGoesHere.owl#>
PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
PREFIX dbpedia-owl: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
PREFIX dbpprop: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>
PREFIX dc:<http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
PREFIX foaf:<http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
PREFIX dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
CONSTRUCT {
?book rdf:type gb:Book .
?book gb:titled_as ?name.
gb:Title rdf:type ?name.
?book gb:written_by ?author.
?author rdf:type gb:Author.
?book gb:author_name ?authorName.
gb:Author rdf:type ?authorName.
gb:AuthorName rdf:type ?authorName.
?book gb:released ?firstPublished.
?firstPublished rdf:type gb:PublishDate.
?book gb:writtenInCountry ?country .
?country rdf:type gb:Country.
?book gb:writtenIn ?lang .
?lang rdf:type gb:Language.
?book gb:summary ?abstract.
gb:Absratct rdf:type ?abstract.
?book gb:identified_with ?isbn .
gb:ISBN rdf:type ?isbn.
?book gb:publish_tpe ?mediaType .
?mediaType rdf:type gb:Media .
?book gb:has_pagenumber ?pages.
gb:Pages rdf:type ?pages.
?book gb:genre ?genre
}WHERE{?book rdf:type dbpedia-owl:Book .
?book foaf:name ?name.
OPTIONAL {?book dbpedia-owl:author ?author}
OPTIONAL {?author dbpprop:name ?authorName}
OPTIONAL {?book dbpedia-owl:releaseDate ?firstPublished}
OPTIONAL {?book dbpedia-owl:country ?country}
OPTIONAL {?book dbpedia-owl:language ?lang}
OPTIONAL {?book dbpedia-owl:abstract ?abstract}
OPTIONAL {?book dbpedia-owl:isbn ?isbn}
OPTIONAL {?book dbpedia-owl:numberOfPages ?pages}
OPTIONAL {?book dbpedia-owl:mediaType ?mediaType}
OPTIONAL {?book dbpprop:genre ?genre}
FILTER ( regex(str(?author), "Franz_Kafka") || regex(str(?author), "Mark_Twain") )
FILTER (LANG(?abstract)="en")
}
DBPedia
PREFIX gb: <yourOntologyGoesHere.owl#>
PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX movie: <http://data.linkedmdb.org/resource/movie/>
PREFIX rdfs:<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX dc:<http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
PREFIX foaf:<http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
PREFIX dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
CONSTRUCT {
?book rdf:type gb:Book .
?book gb:title ?bookTitle .
?book gb:written_by ?author.
?author rdf:type gb:Author.
?book gb:addedToGutenberg ?addedToCatalog.
?addedToCatalog rdf:type gb:AddedToGutenberg.
?book1 rdf:type gb:Book .
?book1 gb:title ?bookTitle1 .
?book1 gb:written_by ?author1.
?author1 rdf:type gb:Author.
?author owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Franz_Kafka> .
?author1 owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Mark_Twain> .
<http://wifo5-04.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/gutendata/resource/etext3176> owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/The_Innocents_Abroad>.
<http://wifo5-04.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/gutendata/resource/etext3177> owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Roughing_It>.
<http://wifo5-04.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/gutendata/resource/etext245> owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Life_on_the_Mississippi>.
<http://wifo5-04.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/gutendata/resource/etext9009> owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Life_on_the_Mississippi>.
<http://wifo5-04.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/gutendata/resource/etext1086> owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/A_Horse's_Tale>.
<http://wifo5-04.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/gutendata/resource/etext119> owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/A_Tramp_Abroad>.
<http://wifo5-04.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/gutendata/resource/etext3174> owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/A_Dog's_Tale>.
<http://wifo5-04.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/gutendata/resource/etext3186> owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/The_Mysterious_Stranger>.
<http://wifo5-04.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/gutendata/resource/etext3190> owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/1610_(Mark_Twain)>.
<http://wifo5-04.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/gutendata/resource/etext3251> owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/The_Man_That_Corrupted_Hadleyburg>.
<http://wifo5-04.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/gutendata/resource/etext91> owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Tom_Sawyer_Abroad>.
<http://wifo5-04.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/gutendata/resource/etext93> owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Tom_Sawyer,_Detective>.
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/The_Metamorphosis> owl:sameAs <http://wifo5-04.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/gutendata/resource/etext5200> .
<http://wifo5-04.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/gutendata/resource/etext7849> owl:sameAs <http://dbpedia.org/resource/The_Trial>.
?book1 gb:addedToGutenberg ?addedToCatalog1.
?addedToCatalog1 rdf:type gb:AddedToGutenberg
}
WHERE {
?author foaf:name "Kafka, Franz, 1883-1924".
?author1 foaf:name "Twain, Mark, 1835-1910".
?book dc:creator ?author;
dc:title ?bookTitle;
dc:language ?bookLanguage;
dcterms:created ?addedToCatalog.
?book1 dc:creator ?author1;
dc:title ?bookTitle1;
dc:language ?bookLanguage1;
dcterms:created ?addedToCatalog1}
這兩個查詢將填充您創建的本體。 然后,您可以查詢新創建的本體。
使用SPARQL SERVICE,您可以執行以下操作:
CONSTRUCT {
<dbpedia-value1> a <your-class1> .
<dbpedia-value1> ?p1 ?o1 .
<pubmed-value2> a <your-class2> . #or perhaps also <your-class1>
<pubmed-value2> ?p2 ?o2 .
}
WHERE {
SERVICE <http://dbpedia.org/sparql> {
<dbpedia-value1> a <dbp-class1> .
<dbpedia-value1> ?p1 ?o1 .
}
SERVICE <http://pubmed.bio2rdf.org/sparql> {
<pubmed-value2> a <pubmed-class1> .
<pubmed-value2> ?p2 ?o2 .
}
}
這將從每個端點的類中獲取一組實例,並將它們映射到您的本體。 對端點的查詢可能是任意復雜的(SPARQL IN在這里可能有用),但是一般的技術是查詢數據並使用CONSTRUCT將這些值映射到本體中的三元組,然后保存構造的三元組。 (或直接將數據插入到圖形中。)
您還可以使用此模式在源和本體之間映射屬性。 在這種情況下,請在WHERE子句中指定特定屬性
<pubmed-value2> <pubmed-prop1> ?prop1value .
...然后在CONSTRUCT查詢中對其進行轉換:
<pubmed-value2> <your-prop1> ?prop1value .
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