[英]How to mock Spring ConversionService?
我寫的Web應用程序按預期工作。 現在我想對Controller方法進行單元測試。 這些方法的模式是:
對於轉換步驟,我使用Spring ConversionService,一個配置如下的bean:
<bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean">
<property name="converters">
<list>
<bean class="my.package.RequestToDomainConverter" />
<bean class="my.package.DomainToResponseConverter" />
</list>
</property>
這個bean自動裝入我的控制器:
@Autowired
ConversionService conversionService;
並像這樣使用:
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST,
headers = "Accept=application/json")
@ResponseStatus(value = HttpStatus.CREATED)
@ResponseBody
public ResponseDTO createSelection(
@RequestBody RequestDTO requestDTO,
HttpServletResponse response,
Authentication authentication ) {
DomainObject domainObject = conversionService.convert(requestDTO, DomainObject.class);
// note: during test the conversionService returns null here...
DomainObject businessAnswer = BusinessLayer.doService(domainObject);
ResponseDTO responseDTO = conversionService.convert(businessAnswer, ResponseDTO.class);
return responseDTO;
}
如上所述,當部署到應用程序服務器時,應用程序按預期工作。
我的測試類構建如下:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:/my/package/MyControllerTest-context.xml"})
public class MyControllerTest {
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Mock
private ConversionService conversionService;
@Mock
private BusinessLayer businessLayer;
@InjectMocks
private MyController myController;
@Before
public void setup() throws Exception {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetum(myController).build();
}
@Test
public void testCreateSelection(){
// create a json string representation of the requestDTO
String jsonDTO = new String("a valid json representation");
// create objects to convert
RequestDTO myRequestDTO = new RequestDTO();
DomainObject myDomainObject = new DomainObject();
ResponseDTO responseDTO = new ResponseDTO();
// instruct the conversionservice mock to return the expected objects
when(conversionService.convert(myRequestDTO, DomainObject.class))
.thenReturn(myDomainObject);
when(conversionService.convert(domainResponse, ResponseDTO.class))
.thenReturn(myResponseDTO);
// the businessLayer mock returns the same object that was given to it
when(businessLayer.doService(domainObject))
.thenReturn(domainObject);
//create the necessary http headers
HttHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
httpHeaders.add("Accept", "application/json");
//execute the controller method
mockMvc.perform(post("/selection")
.content(jsonDTO)
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.headers(httpHeaders))
.andExpect(status().isOk());
// further testing...
}
}
在調試模式下運行此測試時,我看到我的控制器中的createSelection方法被成功調用,而在方法中,requestDTO對象具有給jsonDTO對象的值。
但是,當要求將requestDTO轉換為DomainObject時,conversionService返回null。
為什么這樣,以及如何設置我的測試讓它返回轉換后的對象?
這是因為在下面的行:
when(conversionService.convert(myRequestDTO, DomainObject.class))
.thenReturn(myDomainObject);
方法期望接收相同的對象myRequestDTO
,這是你的情況不同,因為在你的控制器內你將創建同一個類的另一個實例。 兩者都是從同一個類創建的,但具有不同的身份。 相反,你可以使用:
when(conversionService.convert(any(DomainObject.class), Matchers.<DomainObject>any()))
.thenReturn(myDomainObject);
這允許期望相同的對象,這個對象的身份並不重要
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