Python如何在一行中找到任何或所有字符串列表，然后打印找到的確切字符串

Question

我是Python新手，對字典和列表不太滿意。

我正在嘗試在一行中查找某些字符串，如果找到了字符串，請打印該特定字符串。

這是一行：

{  
  "success": true,
  "start": 0,
  "pagesize": 5,
  "total_count": 4,
  "results_html": "\t<div class=\"market_listing_table_header\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"market_listing_right_cell market_listing_their_price market_sortable_column\" data-sorttype=\"price\">PRICE<span class=\"market_sort_arrow\" style=\"display:none;\"><\/span><\/div>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"market_listing_right_cell market_listing_num_listings market_sortable_column\" data-sorttype=\"quantity\">QUANTITY<span class=\"market_sort_arrow\" style=\"display:none;\"><\/span><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"market_sortable_column\" data-sorttype=\"name\"><span class=\"market_listing_header_namespacer\"><\/span>NAME<span class=\"market_sort_arrow\" style=\"display:none;\"><\/span><\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n<a class=\"market_listing_row_link\" href=\"http:\/\/steamcommunity.com\/market\/listings\/730\/%E2%98%85%20Karambit%20%7C%20Stained%20%28Factory%20New%29\" id=\"resultlink_0\">\r\n\t<div class=\"market_listing_row market_recent_listing_row market_listing_searchresult\" id=\"result_0\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<img id=\"result_0_image\" src=\"http:\/\/steamcommunity-a.akamaihd.net\/economy\/image\/fWFc82js0fmoRAP-qOIPu5THSWqfSmTELLqcUywGkijVjZYMUrsm1j-9xgEObwgfEh_nvjlWhNzZCveCDfIBj98xqodQ2CZknz5wOuqzNQhscxbDDKJXSMo75TfqBjUx7cNcWN6x_69IfAjn4oPHZbgkY4wdFpTXDqKEbwj4uB89g_VcKMCKoSO73yW4PG5fDw2rpDzIPE231Q\/62fx62f\" style=\"border-color: #8650AC;\" class=\"market_listing_item_img\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"market_listing_right_cell market_listing_their_price\">\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_table_value\">\r\n\t\t\t\tStarting at:<br\/>\r\n\t\t\t\t<span style=\"color:white\">CDN&#36; 396.91<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_arrow_down\" style=\"display: none\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_arrow_up\" style=\"display: none\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"market_listing_right_cell market_listing_num_listings\">\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_table_value\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"market_listing_num_listings_qty\">2<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"market_listing_item_name_block\">\r\n\t\t\t<span id=\"result_0_name\" class=\"market_listing_item_name\" style=\"color: #8650AC;\">\u2605 Karambit | Stained (Factory New)<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<br\/>\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_listing_game_name\">Counter-Strike: Global Offensive<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a class=\"market_listing_row_link\" href=\"http:\/\/steamcommunity.com\/market\/listings\/730\/%E2%98%85%20Karambit%20%7C%20Forest%20DDPAT%20%28Factory%20New%29\" id=\"resultlink_1\">\r\n\t<div class=\"market_listing_row market_recent_listing_row market_listing_searchresult\" id=\"result_1\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<img id=\"result_1_image\" src=\"http:\/\/steamcommunity-a.akamaihd.net\/economy\/image\/fWFc82js0fmoRAP-qOIPu5THSWqfSmTELLqcUywGkijVjZYMUrsm1j-9xgEObwgfEh_nvjlWhNzZCveCDfIBj98xqodQ2CZknz5wOuqzNQhscxbDDKJXSMoy7TfoDTcz_PhvXdC-4_VSKlns4IKSNrkrYdlIF8GGDPLVMlr0vxhriPJcKJSOpCK72STrMm0IRVO1rYe8SeMm\/62fx62f\" style=\"border-color: #8650AC;\" class=\"market_listing_item_img\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"market_listing_right_cell market_listing_their_price\">\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_table_value\">\r\n\t\t\t\tStarting at:<br\/>\r\n\t\t\t\t<span style=\"color:white\">CDN&#36; 383.20<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_arrow_down\" style=\"display: none\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_arrow_up\" style=\"display: none\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"market_listing_right_cell market_listing_num_listings\">\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_table_value\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"market_listing_num_listings_qty\">1<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"market_listing_item_name_block\">\r\n\t\t\t<span id=\"result_1_name\" class=\"market_listing_item_name\" style=\"color: #8650AC;\">\u2605 Karambit | Forest DDPAT (Factory New)<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<br\/>\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_listing_game_name\">Counter-Strike: Global Offensive<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a class=\"market_listing_row_link\" href=\"http:\/\/steamcommunity.com\/market\/listings\/730\/%E2%98%85%20Karambit%20%7C%20Safari%20Mesh%20%28Factory%20New%29\" id=\"resultlink_2\">\r\n\t<div class=\"market_listing_row market_recent_listing_row market_listing_searchresult\" id=\"result_2\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<img id=\"result_2_image\" src=\"http:\/\/steamcommunity-a.akamaihd.net\/economy\/image\/fWFc82js0fmoRAP-qOIPu5THSWqfSmTELLqcUywGkijVjZYMUrsm1j-9xgEObwgfEh_nvjlWhNzZCveCDfIBj98xqodQ2CZknz5wOuqzNQhscxbDDKJXSMop5DfhDDQ619NiWui6_rwOPRK-ttbCYON6OdFJG5LZX_HVbgj0ux9th6MMLsbb9XvojnzpbG5bDxK95Ctaz2tSczny\/62fx62f\" style=\"border-color: #8650AC;\" class=\"market_listing_item_img\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"market_listing_right_cell market_listing_their_price\">\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_table_value\">\r\n\t\t\t\tStarting at:<br\/>\r\n\t\t\t\t<span style=\"color:white\">CDN&#36; 247.19<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_arrow_down\" style=\"display: none\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_arrow_up\" style=\"display: none\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"market_listing_right_cell market_listing_num_listings\">\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_table_value\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"market_listing_num_listings_qty\">2<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"market_listing_item_name_block\">\r\n\t\t\t<span id=\"result_2_name\" class=\"market_listing_item_name\" style=\"color: #8650AC;\">\u2605 Karambit | Safari Mesh (Factory New)<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<br\/>\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_listing_game_name\">Counter-Strike: Global Offensive<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a class=\"market_listing_row_link\" href=\"http:\/\/steamcommunity.com\/market\/listings\/730\/%E2%98%85%20Karambit%20%7C%20Boreal%20Forest%20%28Factory%20New%29\" id=\"resultlink_3\">\r\n\t<div class=\"market_listing_row market_recent_listing_row market_listing_searchresult\" id=\"result_3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<img id=\"result_3_image\" src=\"http:\/\/steamcommunity-a.akamaihd.net\/economy\/image\/fWFc82js0fmoRAP-qOIPu5THSWqfSmTELLqcUywGkijVjZYMUrsm1j-9xgEObwgfEh_nvjlWhNzZCveCDfIBj98xqodQ2CZknz5wOuqzNQhscxbDDKJXSMoy7TfqBjU3-9NcVtik8roKFlC249qCLbh-ZdFFTcmCX_WEYQz57Eht0_AOL5zdoCLv3ijgazgJXhHtqW9RkOeZ-uw8ko32nUQ\/62fx62f\" style=\"border-color: #8650AC;\" class=\"market_listing_item_img\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"market_listing_right_cell market_listing_their_price\">\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_table_value\">\r\n\t\t\t\tStarting at:<br\/>\r\n\t\t\t\t<span style=\"color:white\">CDN&#36; 504.02<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_arrow_down\" style=\"display: none\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_arrow_up\" style=\"display: none\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"market_listing_right_cell market_listing_num_listings\">\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_table_value\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"market_listing_num_listings_qty\">1<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"market_listing_item_name_block\">\r\n\t\t\t<span id=\"result_3_name\" class=\"market_listing_item_name\" style=\"color: #8650AC;\">\u2605 Karambit | Boreal Forest (Factory New)<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<br\/>\r\n\t\t\t<span class=\"market_listing_game_name\">Counter-Strike: Global Offensive<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/a>\r\n"
}

這是我當前的代碼，但似乎無法正常工作

strings = {"%E2%98%85%20Karambit%20%7C%20Safari%20Mesh%20%28Factory%20New%29",
           "%E2%98%85%20Karambit%20%7C%20Boreal%20Forest%20%28Factory%20New%29"}
if any(string in strings for string in line):
    searchString = line.strip(strings)
    print("Found String %s" % searchString)

Answer 1

代替：

if any(string in strings for string in line):

嘗試：

if any(string in strings for string in line.values()):

這樣，您正在搜索line字典中的值（例如5 ），而不是搜索鍵（例如"pagesize" ）。

另外，Python的布爾true為True ，不是true 。

Answer 2

您的line似乎是一本字典，但是您在那兒true對的，這使我認為它是JSON？ 還是說True ，Python布爾值？ 我將假設后者（這是Python字典，您的意思是True）。 簡而言之，字典是鍵/值對的無序集合。 如果我想要與"results_html"關聯的值，我將使用line['results_html']來獲取它。 我還將假設您有興趣查看"results_html"鍵，因為這是唯一看起來相關的鍵。

有些人可能會建議使用正則表達式，但是出於您的目的，我認為這就像用軌道激光將水沸騰一樣—過度殺傷力。

您有一些字符串集合，並且想找出這些字符串中是否有任何一個出現在字典中。 只需使用以下命令即可完成：

for string in strings:
    if string in line.get('results_html', ''):
        print(string)

如果字典碰巧沒有'results_html'鍵，我在這里使用get方法來避免KeyError 。 您也可以將其簡化為一個理解：

result = [string for string in strings if string in line.get('results_html', '')

那是您要找的東西嗎？

Answer 3

這是正則表達式模塊設計的確切類型的問題。 正則表達式允許快速輕松地識別文本模式。

import re

line = ""

x = re.findall('(%E2%98%85%20Karambit%20%7C%20(Safari%20Mesh|Boreal%20Forest)?%20%28Factory%20New%29)', line)

for i in x:
   print (i[0])

該操作僅使用正則表達式“或”運算符“ |”搜索您想要的兩種情況。

另外，您可以使用通配符運算符，它不會區分夾在字符串中的單詞。

x = re.findall('(%E2%98%85%20Karambit%20%7C%20.*?%20.*?%20%28Factory%20New%29)', line)

for i in x:
    print (i)

這將找到您想要的兩個字符串，並找到其他類似格式的字符串，例如：

%E2%98%85%20Karambit%20%7C%20European%20Arctic%20%28Factory%20New%29

regex模塊的文檔可以在這里找到：

https://docs.python.org/3.4/library/re.html