Python Tkinter-計時器

Question

我需要協助！ 我正在學習tkinter，所以我決定做一個游戲。 我做了一個按鈕和一個標簽，所以當您單擊該按鈕時，它會在屏幕上隨機移動，標簽會計算您的點擊次數。 現在，我需要一個計時器，但是我不知道該怎么做。 游戲應如下所示： https : //scratch.mit.edu/projects/2245518/

這是我的代碼：

    from tkinter import *
from random import randint
import 

root = Tk()
root.geometry('600x470')
root.title('Catch The Button - Game')

clicks = 0

def change():
    global clicks
    clicks += 1
    clicksLabel['text'] = 'Clicks: ' + str(clicks) + 180 * ' '
    rand = randint(1,5)

    if rand == 1:
        button.pack(side = LEFT, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))
    elif rand == 2:
        button.pack(side = RIGHT, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))
    elif rand == 3:
        button.pack(side = TOP, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))
    else:
        button.pack(side = BOTTOM, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))


clicksLabel = Label(root, text = 'Clicks: 0' + 180 * ' ')
clicksLabel.pack()

button = Button(root, text = 'Catch me  :P', command = change)
button.pack(side = RIGHT, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))

root.mainloop()

Answer 1

我已經通過以下代碼進行了管理：

from Tkinter import * # if using python 3.x
from tkinter import * # if using python 2.x
from random import randint
import time

root = Tk()
root.geometry('600x470')
root.title('Catch The Button - Game')

t0 = time.time()
ctime = 0
clicks = 0

def change():
    global clicks
    global ctime
    global t0

    t1 = time.time()
    dt = t1 - t0
    t0 = t1

    ctime += dt
    clicks += 1

    clicksLabel['text'] = 'Clicks: ' + str(clicks) + 180 * ' '
    timeLabel['text'] = 'Time: ' + str(ctime)[:4] + 's' + 180 * ' '

    rand = randint(1,5)

    if rand == 1:
        button.pack(side = LEFT, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))
    elif rand == 2:
        button.pack(side = RIGHT, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))
    elif rand == 3:
        button.pack(side = TOP, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))
    else:
        button.pack(side = BOTTOM, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))


clicksLabel = Label(root, text = 'Clicks: 0' + 180 * ' ')
clicksLabel.pack()
timeLabel = Label(root, text = 'Time: 0.00 s' + 180 * ' ')
timeLabel.pack()

button = Button(root, text = 'Catch me  :P', command = change)
button.pack(side = RIGHT, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))

root.mainloop()

我僅定義了開始時間和運行時間（分別為t0和ctime）。 當按下按鈕時，代碼

t1 = time.time()
dt = t1 - t0
t0 = t1
ctime += dt

只需將自最后一次按下按鈕以來的時間添加到ctime ，然后timeLabel er標簽將更新為新時間（就像clicksLabel更新的方式一樣）。

免責聲明：我沒有編寫一個沒有單擊按鈕就明顯增加的計時器，因為這需要一個while循環，退出條件並不斷更新，而您的程序只能在單擊時更新！

希望這可以幫助

Answer 2

您可以使用after方法來使函數定期運行。 您可以制作一個顯示時間的標簽，並編寫一個每100毫秒更新一次的函數，並檢查時間用完以顯示分數：

time = 20

def update_time():
    global time
    time = time-0.1
    timeLabel.config(text=str(time))
    if time<0.01:
        timeLabel.config(text='0')
        button.pack_forget()
        Label(root, text='You scored {}'.format(clicks), font=('Helvetica', 20, 'bold')).pack()
    else:
        timeLabel.after(100, update_time)

在您的代碼中（我也做了其他一些更改），看起來像這樣

from tkinter import *
from random import randint

root = Tk()
root.geometry('600x470')
root.title('Catch The Button - Game')

clicks = 0
time = 20

def change():
    global clicks
    clicks += 1
    clicksLabel['text'] = 'Clicks: ' + str(clicks)
    rand = randint(1,5)

    if rand == 1:
        button.pack(side = LEFT, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))
    elif rand == 2:
        button.pack(side = RIGHT, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))
    elif rand == 3:
        button.pack(side = TOP, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))
    else:
        button.pack(side = BOTTOM, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))

def update_time():
    global time
    time = time-0.1
    timeLabel.config(text=str(time))
    if time<0.01: # Account for rounding errors
        timeLabel.config(text='0')
        button.pack_forget()
        Label(root, text='You scored {}'.format(clicks), font=('Helvetica', 20, 'bold')).pack()
    else:
        timeLabel.after(100, update_time)

clicksLabel = Label(root, text = 'Clicks: 0')
clicksLabel.pack(side=LEFT, anchor=N)

timeLabel = Label(root, text=str(time))
timeLabel.pack(side=RIGHT, anchor=N)
timeLabel.after(100, update_time)

button = Button(root, text = 'Catch me  :P', command = change)
button.pack(side = BOTTOM, padx = randint(1, 220), pady = randint(1, 220))

root.mainloop()