如何從內部完全重新啟動python腳本？

Question

我正在創建一個作為項目的小計算器，當它完成時鍵入yes，我希望它重新啟動。 問題是，我似乎不知道如何。 當涉及到python時，我不是一個天才。

   import sys

    OPTIONS = ["Divide", "divide", "Multiply", "multiply", "Add", "add", "Subtract", "subtract"]

    def userinput():
        while True:
            try:

                number = int(input("Number: "))
                break
            except ValueError:
                print("NOPE...")
        return number

    def operation():
        while True:
            operation = input("Multiply/Divide/Add: ")
            if operation in OPTIONS:
                break
            else:
                print("Not an option.")
        return operation

    def playagain():
        while True:
            again = input("Again? Yes/No: ")
            if again == "Yes" or again == "yes":
                 break
            elif again == "No" or again == "no":
                sys.exit(0)
            else:
                print("Nope..")

    def multiply(x,y):
        z = x * y
        print(z)

    def divide(x,y):
        z = x / y
        print(z)

    def add(x,y):
        z = x + y
        print(z)

    def subtract(x,y):
        z = x - y
        print(z)

    while True:

        operation = operation()
        x = userinput()
        y = userinput()
        if operation == "add" or operation == "Add":
            add(x,y)
        elif operation == "divide" or operation == "Divide":
            divide(x,y)
        elif operation == "multiply" or operation == "Multiply":
            multiply(x,y)
        elif operation == "subtract" or operation == "Subtract":
            subtract(x,y)

        playagain()

我目前在第28行有一個中斷，因為我找不到如何重新啟動它。 如果有人可以幫助我，謝謝！

Answer 1

您無需重新啟動腳本，只需在編碼之前對設計有所了解。 使用您提供的腳本，此問題有兩種更改：

def playagain():

    while True:
        again = input("Again? Yes/No: ")
        if again == "Yes" or again == "yes":
             return True
        elif again == "No" or again == "no":
             return False
        else:
            print("Nope..")

然后，在調用playagain()將其更改為：

if not playagain(): break

我想我知道您為什么要重新啟動腳本，您有一個錯誤。

Python函數與其他任何對象一樣。 當你說：

operation = operation()  

將對operation函數的引用重新分配給該函數返回的字符串。 因此，您第二次在重新啟動時調用它時，它失敗並顯示：

TypeError: 'str' object is not callable

重命名您的operation函數，例如foperation ：

def fopertion():

然后：

operation = foperation()  

因此，完整的代碼變為：

import sys

OPTIONS = ["Divide", "divide", "Multiply", "multiply", "Add", "add", "Subtract", "subtract"]

def userinput():
    while True:
        try:

            number = int(input("Number: "))
            break
        except ValueError:
            print("NOPE...")
    return number

def foperation():
    while True:
        operation = input("Multiply/Divide/Add: ")
        if operation in OPTIONS:
            break
        else:
            print("Not an option.")
    return operation


def playagain():

    while True:
        again = input("Again? Yes/No: ")
        if again == "Yes" or again == "yes":
             return True
        elif again == "No" or again == "no":
             return False
        else:
            print("Nope..")

def multiply(x,y):
    z = x * y
    print(z)

def divide(x,y):
    z = x / y
    print(z)

def add(x,y):
    z = x + y
    print(z)

def subtract(x,y):
    z = x - y
    print(z)

while True:

    operation = foperation()
    x = userinput()
    y = userinput()
    if operation == "add" or operation == "Add":
        add(x,y)
    elif operation == "divide" or operation == "Divide":
        divide(x,y)
    elif operation == "multiply" or operation == "Multiply":
        multiply(x,y)
    elif operation == "subtract" or operation == "Subtract":
        subtract(x,y)

    if not playagain(): break

我可以對此代碼進行許多其他改進，但讓我們首先使其工作。

Answer 2

我沒有重新啟動股票，所以您可以永久使用它，只有用戶本人才能退出。 我只更改了playagain（）和while循環的末尾，請閱讀注釋以獲取解釋：

import sys

OPTIONS = ["Divide", "divide", "Multiply", "multiply", "Add", "add", "Subtract", "subtract"]

# python2 compatibility, you dont need to care about this ;-)
try:
    input = raw_input
except:
    pass

def userinput():
    while True:
        try:

            number = int(input("Number: "))
            break
        except ValueError:
            print("NOPE...")
    return number

def operation():
    while True:
        operation = input("Multiply/Divide/Add: ")
        if operation in OPTIONS:
            break
        else:
            print("Not an option.")
    return operation

def playagain():
    """
    return True if userinput "Yes" and False if userinput "no"
    does this until user input is yes or no
    """
    again = input("Again? Yes/No: ")
    if again.lower() == "yes":
        return True
    elif again.lower() == "no":
        return False
    else:
        # reruns the code --> until user input is 'yes' or 'no'
        return playagain()

def multiply(x,y):
    z = x * y
    print(z)

def divide(x,y):
    z = x / y
    print(z)

def add(x,y):
    z = x + y
    print(z)

def subtract(x,y):
    z = x - y
    print(z)

# a main in python: this will be executed when run as a script
# but not when you import something from this
if __name__ == '__main__':

    play = True
    while play:
        operation = operation()
        x = userinput()
        y = userinput()
        if operation == "add" or operation == "Add":
            add(x,y)
        elif operation == "divide" or operation == "Divide":
            divide(x,y)
        elif operation == "multiply" or operation == "Multiply":
            multiply(x,y)
        elif operation == "subtract" or operation == "Subtract":
            subtract(x,y)

        # player/user can exit the loop if he enters "no" and therefore end the loop
        play = playagain()

Answer 3

使用os.execv（）...

自行重新啟動Python腳本