autotools：使用其他目錄中的代碼進行編譯

Question

我有以下結構：

+Makefile.am
+-common
| +-common.c
| +-common.h
|
+-module1
| +module1.c
| +Makefile.am
|
+-module2
| +module2.c
| +Makefile.am

其中每個moduleX實際上由許多C和頭文件組成，因此值得擁有自己的子目錄。

我想用common.c代碼編譯每個moduleX。 我的意思是編譯，而不僅僅是鏈接庫，因為每個模塊實際上定義了一些影響common.c編譯的宏。 換句話說，每個模塊的Makefile如下所示：

check_PROGRAMS = moduleX
moduleX_CFLAGS = -I$(top_srcdir)/common -DCOMMON_OPTION_X
moduleX_SOURCES = moduleX.c ../common/common.c

為什么我書面方式的原因../common/common.c而不是$(top_srcdir)/common/common.c是這個bug ，（也顯示在這里 ）。

當然，頂級的Makefile.am聲明每個模塊都是子目錄：

SUBDIRS = foo bar
TESTS = foo/foo bar/bar

在./configure && ./make distcheck ，實際項目./configure && ./make distcheck失敗並顯示“找不到XXX.Po文件”。

我試圖以更簡單的規模重現問題（ 下載此tar文件 ），並且在“common.h”上找不到它。

我想在兩種情況下，問題是我沒有成功告訴automake公共部分應該是每個模塊的一部分（因此在構建樹外時也會復制（VPATH））

實現這個目標的正確方法是什么？

歡迎您指出可以使用tar -xvf解壓縮的示例所需的修改（請參閱內部的README以獲取構建說明）

謝謝！

Answer 1

發生什么事：

要解決"common.h" not being found foobar.tar問題，我已經將EXTRA_DIST = common/common.h foo/foo.h bar/bar.h到頂部的Makefile.am中。 之后，命令./bootstrap && ./configure && make dist將*.h文件包含到foobar-0.1.tar.gz中。

接下來，./ ./bootstrap && ./configure && make distcheck使用Makefile:204: ../common/.deps/foo-common.Po: No such file or directory失敗Makefile:204: ../common/.deps/foo-common.Po: No such file or directory 。

這是日志：

Making distclean in bar
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/user/foobar-0.1/_build/bar'
...
rm -rf ../common/.deps ./.deps
...
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/user/foobar-0.1/_build/bar'
Making distclean in foo
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/user/foobar-0.1/_build/foo'
Makefile:204: ../common/.deps/foo-common.Po: No such file or directory
make[2]: *** No rule to make target `../common/.deps/foo-common.Po'.  Stop.
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/user/foobar-0.1/_build/foo'
make[1]: *** [distclean-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/user/foobar-0.1/_build'
make: *** [distcheck] Error 1

你可以看到， ../common/.deps被刪除作為make distclean for bar的一部分。 這導致了foo失敗的make distclean 。

為了避免這種自動行為，我們必須在foo/.deps和bar/.deps目錄中放置../common/.deps/foo-common.Po和../common/.deps/bar-common.Po 。 要做到這一點，我們必須從common foo和bar目錄中放置源代碼。 這可以在Makefile構建時間內完成。

解決方案：這是基於umläute的想法的解決方案。 它基於構建期間的自動源文件生成 。

topdir Makefile.am：

SUBDIRS = foo bar
TESTS = foo/foo bar/bar
EXTRA_DIST = common/common.h common/common.c foo/foo.h bar/bar.h

富/ Makefile.am：

check_PROGRAMS = foo
foo_CFLAGS = -I$(top_srcdir)/common
foo_SOURCES = foo.c
nodist_foo_SOURCES = $(foo_common_SOURCES)

foo_common_SOURCES = common.c
CLEANFILES = $(foo_common_SOURCES)

$(foo_common_SOURCES):
    echo "#include \"$(top_builddir)/common/$@\"" >$@

酒吧/ Makefile.am

check_PROGRAMS = bar
bar_CFLAGS = -I$(top_srcdir)/common -DOPTION
bar_SOURCES = bar.c
nodist_bar_SOURCES = $(bar_common_SOURCES)

bar_common_SOURCES = common.c
CLEANFILES = $(bar_common_SOURCES)

$(bar_common_SOURCES):
    echo "#include \"$(top_builddir)/common/$@\"" >$@

Answer 2

在每個moduleX添加一個包裝文件：

$ cat <<EOF >inc_common.c
#include "common.c"
EOF

並將該文件添加到moduleX_SOURCES而不是../common/common.c 。

順便說一句， -I和-D指令應該進入moduleX_CPPFLAGS （而不是moduleX_CFLAGS ）

Answer 3

我在幾個大型，多個可執行文件項目中遇到了同樣的問題。

我在Ubuntu / Linux上使用了以下內容

可以使用GCC中的相應參數創建依賴文件，但是，我將sed用於該部分作業。

這有一個makefile.top和makefile.bot都在頂級目錄中（沒有其他地方）

在頂級目錄中有所有子目錄使用的公共文件。

對於您的項目，您需要編輯makefile.top中的“alldirectories”宏以列出將包含每個可執行文件的源文件和頭文件的子目錄。

這是從頂級目錄執行的，使用類似：make -f makefile.top

file：makefile.top

    SHELL = /bin/sh





    SRC := $(wildcard *.c)
    OBJ := $(SRC:.c=.o)
    DEP := $(SRC:.c=.d)
    INC := $(SRC:.c=.h)


    MAKE    :=  /usr/bin/make

    CC      :=  /usr/bin/gcc

    CP      :=  cp

    MV      :=  mv

    LDFLAGS :=  -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib -L/lib

    DEBUG   :=  -ggdb3

    CCFLAGS :=  $(DEBUG) -Wall -W

    #CPPFLAGS += =MD

    LIBS    :=  -lssl -ldl -lrt -lz -lc -lm



    .PHONY: AllDirectories
    # the following statement needs to be edited as 
    # subdirectories are added/deleted/re-named
    #AllDirectories := \
    #    Command_Configuration \
    #    Communication \
    #    Main_Scheduler \
    #    Retrieve_CDS_Log \
    #    Retrieve_EventRecorder_Log \
    #    Retrieve_GPS \
    #    Retrieve_QES_Alarm_Log \
    #    Retrieve_QES_RealTime \
    #    Write_CDS_Log

    AllDirectories :=  \
        Main_Scheduler \
        Communication  \
        Retrieve_GPS   \
        Test_Communication_Dev 



    .PHONY: all
    #all: $(OBJ) $(AllDirectories)
    #   $(foreach d,$(AllDirectories), \
    #    ( cd $d && $(MAKE) -f makefile.top name=Tsk_$d all ); )

    all: $(OBJ) $(AllDirectories)
        $(foreach d,$(AllDirectories), \
        ( cd $d && $(MAKE) -f ../makefile.bot name=Tsk_$d all ); )



    #
    # create dependancy files
    #
    %.d: %.c
        # 
        # ========= START $< TO $@ =========
        $(CC) -M $(CPPFLAGS) $< > $@.$$$$;                      \
        sed 's,\($*\)\.o[ :]*,\1.o $@ : ,g' < $@.$$$$ > $@;     \
        rm -f $@.$$$$
        # ========= END $< TO $@ =========



    #
    # compile the .c file into .o files using the compiler flags
    #
    %.o: %.c %.d 
        # 
        # ========= START $< TO $@ =========
        $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) -c $< -o $@ -I. 
        # ========= END $< TO $@ =========
        # 



    .PHONY: clean
    #clean: $(AllDirectories)
    #   # ========== start clean activities ==========
    #   rm -f *.o
    #   rm -f $(name).map
    #   rm -f $(name)
    #   rm -f *.d
    #   $(foreach d,$(AllDirectories), \
    #    ( cd $d && $(MAKE) -f makefile.top clean ); )
    #   # ========== end clean activities ==========

    clean: $(AllDirectories)
        # ========== start clean activities ==========
        rm -f *.o
        rm -f $(name).map
        rm -f $(name)
        rm -f *.d
        rm -f ../bin/Tsk_*
        $(foreach d,$(AllDirectories), \
        ( cd $d && $(MAKE) -f ../makefile.bot name=Tsk_$d clean ); )
        # ========== end clean activities ==========



    .PHONY: install
    #install: $(AllDirectories)
    #   # ========== start install activities ==========
    #   $(foreach d,$(AllDirectories), \
    #    ( cd $d && $(MAKE) -f makefile.mak clean ); )
    #   # ========== end install activities ==========

    install: $(AllDirectories)
        # ========== start install activities ==========
        $(foreach d,$(AllDirectories), \
        ( cd $d && $(MAKE) -f ../makefile.bot name=Tsk_$d install ); )
        # ========== end install activities ==========



    # include the contents of all the .d files
    # note: the .d files contain:
    # <filename>.o:<filename>.c plus all the dependancies for that file 
    # I.E. the #include'd header files
    # wrap with ifneg... so will not rebuild *.d files when goal is 'clean'
    #
    ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
    -include $(DEP)
    endif

file：makefile.bot

     SHELL = /bin/sh


    BINDIR  :=  /home/user/bin


    .PHONY: all
    all : $(BINDIR)/$(name) ../makefile.mak ../makefile.bot


    #
    # macro of all *.c files 
    # (NOTE:
    # (the following 'wildcard' will pick up ALL .c files
    # (like FileHeader.c and FunctionHeader.c 
    # (which should not be part of the build
    # (so be sure no unwanted .c files in directory
    # (or change the extension
    #
    SRC := $(wildcard *.c)
    OBJ := $(SRC:.c=.o)
    DEP := $(SRC:.c=.d)
    INC := $(SRC:.c=.h)


    COMMON_OBJ := $(wildcard ../*.o)
    #COMMON_SRC := $(wildcard ../*.c)
    #COMMON_OBJ := $(COMMON_SRC:.c=.o)
    #COMMON_DEP := $(COMMON_SRC:.c=.d)
    #COMMON_INC := $(COMMON_SRC:.c=.h)

    MAKE    :=  /usr/bin/make

    CC      :=  /usr/bin/gcc

    CP      :=  cp

    MV      := mv

    LDFLAGS :=  -L/usr/local/lib

    DEBUG   :=  -ggdb3

    CCFLAGS :=  $(DEBUG) -Wall -W

    #CPPFLAGS += =MD

    #LIBS    :=  -lidn -lssl -ldl -lrt -lz -lc -lm
    LIBS    :=   -lssl -ldl -lrt -lz -lc -lm



    #
    # link the .o files into the executable 
    # using the linker flags
    # -- explicit rule
    #
    $(name): $(OBJ) $(COMMON_OBJ) ../makefile.mak ../makefile.bot
        #
        # ======= $(name) Link Start =========
        $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJ) $(COMMON_OBJ) $(LIBS)
        # ======= $(name) Link Done ==========
        #



    # note:
    # using MV rather than CP results in all executables being re-made everytime
    $(BINDIR)/$(name): $(name)
        #
        # ======= $(name) Copy Start =========
        sudo $(CP) $(name) $(BINDIR)/.
        # ======= $(name) Copy Done ==========
        #



    #
    #create dependancy files -- inference rule
    # list makefile.mak as dependancy so changing makfile forces rebuild
    #
    %.d: %.c 
        # 
        # ========= START $< TO $@ =========
        $(CC) -M $(CPPFLAGS) $< > $@.$$$$;                      \
        sed 's,\($*\)\.o[ :]*,\1.o $@ : ,g' < $@.$$$$ > $@;     \
        rm -f $@.$$$$
        # ========= END $< TO $@ =========



    # 
    # compile the .c file into .o files using the compiler flags
    # -- inference rule
    #
    %.o: %.c %.d 
        # 
        # ========= START $< TO $@ =========
        $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) -c $< -o $@ -I. 
        # ========= END $< TO $@ =========
        # 



    .PHONY: clean
    clean: 
        # ========== CLEANING UP ==========
        rm -f *.o
        rm -f $(name).map
        rm -f $(name)
        rm -f *.d
        # ========== DONE ==========



    .PHONY: install
    install: all

    # include the contents of all the .d files
    # note: the .d files contain:
    # <filename>.o:<filename>.c plus all the dependancies for that .c file 
    # I.E. the #include'd header files
    # wrap with ifneg... so will not rebuild *.d files when goal is 'clean'
    #
    ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
    -include $(DEP)
    endif