將單個R對象列寫入預先存在的postgres db表中
[英]Writing a single column of R object into pre-existing postgres db table
問題描述
我有R的工作知識，但我沒有將它與數據庫結合使用太多。 我的問題似乎與這個問題非常相似： 通過r在postgresql數據庫中更新表
但我無法使代碼工作，並且doMC包不適用於最新版本的R.
我能夠連接到地理數據庫，讀入數據並對其進行操作。 我還可以將R對象作為整個表寫入地理數據庫。 我遇到了麻煩，將現有的地理數據庫表附加到R對象上。 不幸的是，這是一個安全的數據庫，所以我無法提供我的連接信息。
- “穿着”，“工作日”和“天”是地理數據庫中預先存在的表中的空白列
- “participant_id”，“date_id”和“gps_time”是我想要合並的預先存在的表中的填充列。
-ucsd是模式名稱，sage_choi是現有的表名
choifnl <- structure(list(wearing = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("nw",
"w"), class = "factor"), weekday = c("Saturday", "Saturday",
"Saturday", "Saturday", "Saturday", "Saturday"), days = c(1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1), participant_id = c("0adf37c4-f950-40ad-9370-6bee2f93e935",
"0adf37c4-f950-40ad-9370-6bee2f93e935", "0adf37c4-f950-40ad-9370-6bee2f93e935",
"0adf37c4-f950-40ad-9370-6bee2f93e935", "0adf37c4-f950-40ad-9370-6bee2f93e935",
"0adf37c4-f950-40ad-9370-6bee2f93e935"), date = c("20130202",
"20130202", "20130202", "20130202", "20130202", "20130202"),
time = structure(1:6, .Label = c("00:00:00", "00:01:00",
"00:02:00", "00:03:00", "00:04:00", "00:05:00", "00:06:00",
"00:07:00", "00:08:00", "00:09:00", "00:10:00", "00:11:00",
"00:12:00", "00:13:00", "00:14:00", "00:15:00", "00:16:00",
"00:17:00", "00:18:00", "00:19:00", "00:20:00", "00:21:00",
"00:22:00", "00:23:00", "00:24:00", "00:25:00", "00:26:00",
"00:27:00", "00:28:00", "00:29:00", "00:30:00", "00:31:00",
"00:32:00", "00:33:00", "00:34:00", "00:35:00", "00:36:00",
"00:37:00", "00:38:00", "00:39:00", "00:40:00", "00:41:00",
"00:42:00", "00:43:00", "00:44:00", "00:45:00", "00:46:00",
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"11:42:00", "11:43:00", "11:44:00", "11:45:00", "11:46:00",
"11:47:00", "11:48:00", "11:49:00", "11:50:00", "11:51:00",
"11:52:00", "11:53:00", "11:54:00", "11:55:00", "11:56:00",
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"23:37:00", "23:38:00", "23:39:00", "23:40:00", "23:41:00",
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"23:52:00", "23:53:00", "23:54:00", "23:55:00", "23:56:00",
"23:57:00", "23:58:00", "23:59:00"), class = "factor")), .Names = c("wearing",
"weekday", "days", "participant_id", "date", "time"), row.names = c(NA,
6L), class = "data.frame")
update <- function(i) {
drv <- dbDriver("PostgreSQL")
con <- dbConnect(drv, dbname = "", host = "",port <- , user = "", password = "") ##connect w/username and password
txt <- paste("UPDATE ucsd.sage_choi SET wearing=",choifnl$wearing[i],",weekday=",
choifnl$weekday[i],",days=",choifnl$days[i],",where participant_id=",
choifnl$participant_id[i],",AND date_id=", choifnl$date[i],
"AND gps_time=", choifnl$time[i])
dbGetQuery(con, txt)
dbDisconnect(con)
}
library("foreach")
registerDoMC()
foreach(i = 1:length(choifnl$wearing), .inorder=FALSE,.packages="RPostgreSQL")%dopar%{
update(i)
}
這是最終解決方案（省略連接信息），效果很好。 我在編碼時遇到了一些問題，還包括正確的引號（單個）。
update <- function(con,i) { txt <- paste("UPDATE ucsd.sage_final_choi SET wearing=", paste("'",choifnl$wearing[i],"'",sep=""), ", weekday=", paste("'",choifnl$weekday[i],"'",sep=""), ", days=", choifnl$days[i], "WHERE participant_id=",paste("'",choifnl$participant_id[i],"'",sep=""), "AND date_id=", paste("'",choifnl$date[i],"'",sep=""), "AND gps_time=", paste("'",choifnl$time[i],"'",sep=""), ";") dbSendQuery(con, txt) # edit 2 } drv <- dbDriver("PostgreSQL") con <- dbConnect(drv, dbname = "", host = "", port <- 5432, user = "", password = "",options="-c search_path= schemaName") ##connect w/username and password foreach(i = 1:length(choifnl$wearing), .inorder=FALSE,.packages="RPostgreSQL")%do%{ update(con,i) # passing in the open connection as an argument }
2 個解決方案
解決方案1
5 已采納 2015-06-01 22:47:48
我假設您正在使用CRAN庫RPostgreSQL並且您的問題是，
“如何使用R更新現有的postgresql記錄？”
如果我正確地解釋了你的問題，我有好消息，我會對你現有的代碼做一些小修改，讓它在下面工作。 現在，好消息：
- 錯誤發生在您的SQL和
- 你不需要doMC（也不是foreach，就此而言）。
- 您已經連接到您的數據庫 - 這通常是更繁重的部分！
如果你真的需要並行性，你可以看到使用doSNOW初始化多個worker的基本格式。 無論哪種方式，調試單線程應用程序要容易得多，所以你應該通過將foreach語句末尾的％dopar％參數更改為％do％然后注冊，直接將循環更改為單線程循環。您的並行后端在您運行SQL之后。
foreach(i = 1:length(choifnl$wearing),.inorder=FALSE,.packages="RPostgreSQL") %do% {
update(i)
}
然后你可能會發現你的SQL有一個語法錯誤，特別是在“where”和你的第一個“和”錯誤地跟着逗號。 我通常會將大型語句分解為更加人性化的形式，如下所示，因此更容易發現形式上的不一致。 我在下面的代碼段中刪除了無意識的逗號：
### SQL error resolved
update <- function(i) {
drv <- dbDriver("PostgreSQL")
con <- dbConnect(drv, dbname = "", host = "",port <- , user = "", password = "") ##connect w/username and password
txt <- paste("UPDATE ucsd.sage_choi SET wearing=", choifnl$wearing[i],
", weekday=", choifnl$weekday[i],
", days=", choifnl$days[i],
"where participant_id=",choifnl$participant_id[i],
"AND date_id=", choifnl$date[i],
"AND gps_time=", choifnl$time[i])
dbGetQuery(con, txt)
dbDisconnect(con)
}
從性能角度來看，如果在for循環之外初始化連接，則會做得更好，因為您不需要花費時間和成本來重新建立每條記錄的連接。
### SQL error resolved, connection made outside loop
update <- function(con,i) {
txt <- paste("UPDATE ucsd.sage_choi SET wearing=", choifnl$wearing[i],
", weekday=", choifnl$weekday[i],
", days=", choifnl$days[i],
"where participant_id=",choifnl$participant_id[i],
"AND date_id=", choifnl$date[i],
"AND gps_time=", choifnl$time[i])
dbSendQuery(con, txt) # edit 2
}
drv <- dbDriver("PostgreSQL")
con <- dbConnect(drv, dbname = "", host = "",port <- , user = "", password = "") ##connect w/username and password
foreach(i = 1:length(choifnl$wearing), .inorder=FALSE,.packages="RPostgreSQL")%dopar%{
update(con,i) # passing in the open connection as an argument
}
dbDisconnect(con)
解決方案2
2 2015-06-03 00:15:16
如果我正確理解了這個問題，那么使用dplyr連接數據庫的能力就相當容易了
library(dplyr)
library(RPostgreSQL)
my_db <- src_postgres(host="<HOST>",
user="<USER>",
password="<PASS>",
db = "ucsd")
sage_choi <- tbl(my_db,"sage_choi")
sage_choi %>%
select( participant_id, date_id, gps_time) %>%
left_join( choifnl, copy=TRUE, by=c("participant_id"="participant_id",
"date_id"="date",
"gps_time"="time")) %>%
compute(name="sage_choi2", temporary=FALSE)
運行代碼后，表sage_choi2將包含填充的列。
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