在 Windows 上通過 Ansible 安裝 Chocolatey 時出錯

Question

我在 Windows Server 2008 R2 上使用 Ansible 安裝 Chocolatey 和 Chocolatey 包時遇到問題。 在 Windows Server 2012 R2 上一切正常（它有內置的 PowerShell v3.0）。

我在Ansible 文檔中運行 PowerShell 腳本時遇到問題，但我運行了Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned ，這有幫助。 我安裝了 Windows PowerShell 3.0 以便 Ansible 可以運行。 現在，當我運行劇本時，出現以下錯誤：

failed: [192.168.1.1] => {"failed": true, "parsed": false}

Mode                LastWriteTime     Length Name                              
----                -------------     ------ ----                              
d----         6/16/2015   6:16 AM            chocInstall                       
Downloading https://chocolatey.org/api/v2/package/chocolatey/ to C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\chocolatey\chocInstall\chocolatey.zip
Download 7Zip commandline tool
Downloading https://chocolatey.org/7za.exe to C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\chocolatey\chocInstall\7za.exe
Extracting C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\chocolatey\chocInstall\chocolatey.zip to C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\chocolatey\chocInstall...
Installing chocolatey on this machine
{
    "changed":  false,
    "msg":  "The term \u0027C:\\Users\\ADMINI~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\chocolatey\\chocInstall\\tools\>\chocolateyInstall.ps1\u0027 is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try again.",
    "failed":  true
}

7-Zip (A) 9.20  Copyright (c) 1999-2010 Igor Pavlov  2010-11-18

Processing archive: C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\chocolatey\chocInstall\chocolatey.zip

Extracting  _rels\.rels
Extracting  chocolatey.nuspec
Extracting  tools\chocolateyInstall.ps1
Extracting  tools\chocolateysetup.psm1
Extracting  tools\init.ps1
Extracting  tools\chocolateyInstall\choco.exe
Extracting  tools\chocolateyInstall\choco.exe.ignore
Extracting  package\services\metadata\core-properties\61804721eec44e8592a61904d0a62022.psmdcp
Extracting  [Content_Types].xml

Everything is Ok

Files: 9
Size:       3738621
Compressed: 1259522


FATAL: all hosts have already failed -- aborting

第二次運行后，我有一個不同的錯誤：

failed: [192.168.1.1] => {"changed": false, "failed": true}
msg: The specified module 'C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\chocolatey\chocInstall\tools\chocolateyInstall\helpers\chocolateyInstaller.psm1' was not loaded because no valid module file was found in any module directory.

FATAL: all hosts have already failed -- aborting

我注意到 Ansible 在將 Chocolatey 從%TEMP%解包到%PROGRAMDATA%遇到問題。 因此，在從%TEMP%\\chocolatey\\helpers運行chocolateyInstall.ps1后（我認為這是一個好路徑），我遇到了這個錯誤：

failed: [192.168.1.1] => {"changed": false, "choco_error_cmd": "choco.exe list --local-only chocolatey", "choco_error_log": "",
"failed": true} msg: Error checking installation status for chocolatey

FATAL: all hosts have already failed -- aborting

我需要自動化安裝和配置工具，例如：jdk、tomcat、firefox 等。以下是我的劇本示例：

---
- hosts: windows
  vars:
    java:
      JAVA_HOME: "C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.7.0_76"
  tasks:
#   INSTALL FIREFOX
    - name: install_firefox
      win_chocolatey:
        name: firefox -y
        state: present
#   INSTALL AND SET JAVA_HOME
    - name: install_and_set_java_home
      win_chocolatey:
        name: jdk7 -y
        version: 7.0.76
        environment: java
        state: present

Answer 1

我想我找到了解決方案..報告的問題是默認情況下編碼Ansible使用編碼和語言為ansible.cfg

...
module_lang    = C
...

但是您可以覆蓋它以將特定變量托管為

ansible_module_lang=cp1252
ansible_ssh_port=5986
ansible_connection=winrm

這將解決您的問題

Answer 2

問題是目標計算機在每個PowerShell進程中不允許足夠的內存。

您可以通過運行以下命令檢查當前分配：

get-item wsman:localhost\Shell\MaxMemoryPerShellMB

默認情況下為300MB。 對於Ansible受管機器，我通常將其設置為2GB，這樣可以立即清除System.OutOfMemoryException周圍的錯誤。

這可以直接在主機上完成，也可以通過Ansible完成：

- name: set PowerShell memory allowance to 2GB
  win_shell: set-item wsman:localhost\Shell\MaxMemoryPerShellMB 2048

Answer 3

您的命令中可能有一些錯誤的編碼。

Installing chocolatey on this machine
{
    "changed":  false,
    "msg":  "The term \u0027C:\\Users\\ADMINI~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\chocolatey\\chocInstall\\tools\>\chocolateyInstall.ps1\u0027 is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try again.",
    "failed":  true
}

撇號被打印為Unicode文字

“無法識別術語\\ u0027 ... chocolateyInstall.ps1 \\ u0027 ...”

這只是Ansible正在做的事情嗎？ 您能告訴我們Chocolatey安裝手冊部分/命令嗎？

就像，你從哪里得到的

#   INSTALL FIREFOX
    - name: install_firefox
      win_chocolatey:

Answer 4

我沒有運行類似Chocolatey的安裝。

Powershell腳本win_chocolatey.ps1應該安裝軟件包（軟件包管理器）。

在安裝之前，它應該在Windows計算機上搜索Chocolatey安裝。 在win_chocolatey.ps1腳本的代碼下面：

#!powershell
# This file is part of Ansible
#
# Copyright 2014, Trond Hindenes <trond@hindenes.com>
#
# Ansible is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# Ansible is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with Ansible.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"

# WANT_JSON
# POWERSHELL_COMMON

$params = Parse-Args $args;
$result = New-Object PSObject;
Set-Attr $result "changed" $false;

If ($params.name)
{
    $package = $params.name
}
Else
{
    Fail-Json $result "missing required argument: name"
}

If ($params.force)
{
    $force = $params.force | ConvertTo-Bool
}
Else
{
    $force = $false
}

If ($params.upgrade)
{
    $upgrade = $params.upgrade | ConvertTo-Bool
}
Else
{
    $upgrade = $false
}

If ($params.version)
{
    $version = $params.version
}
Else
{
    $version = $null
}

If ($params.source)
{
    $source = $params.source.ToString().ToLower()
}
Else
{
    $source = $null
}

If ($params.showlog)
{
    $showlog = $params.showlog | ConvertTo-Bool
}
Else
{
    $showlog = $null
}

If ($params.state)
{
    $state = $params.state.ToString().ToLower()
    If (($state -ne "present") -and ($state -ne "absent"))
    {
        Fail-Json $result "state is $state; must be present or absent"
    }
}
Else
{
    $state = "present"
}

Function Chocolatey-Install-Upgrade
{
    [CmdletBinding()]

    param()

    $ChocoAlreadyInstalled = get-command choco -ErrorAction 0
    if ($ChocoAlreadyInstalled -eq $null)
    {
        #We need to install chocolatey
        iex ((new-object net.webclient).DownloadString("https://chocolatey.org/install.ps1"))
        $result.changed = $true
        $script:executable = "C:\ProgramData\chocolatey\bin\choco.exe"
    }
    else
    {
        $script:executable = "choco.exe"

        if ((choco --version) -lt '0.9.9')
        {
            Choco-Upgrade chocolatey 
        }
    }
}


Function Choco-IsInstalled
{
    [CmdletBinding()]

    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=1)]
        [string]$package
    )

    $cmd = "$executable list --local-only $package"
    $results = invoke-expression $cmd

    if ($LastExitCode -ne 0)
    {
        Set-Attr $result "choco_error_cmd" $cmd
        Set-Attr $result "choco_error_log" "$LastExitCode"

        Throw "Error checking installation status for $package" 
    }     

    If ("$results" -match " $package .* (\d+) packages installed.")
    {
        return $matches[1] -gt 0
    }

    $false
}

Function Choco-Upgrade 
{
    [CmdletBinding()]

    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=1)]
        [string]$package,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=2)]
        [string]$version,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=3)]
        [string]$source,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=4)]
        [bool]$force
    )

    if (-not (Choco-IsInstalled $package))
    {
        throw "$package is not installed, you cannot upgrade"
    }

    $cmd = "$executable upgrade -dv -y $package"

    if ($version)
    {
        $cmd += " -version $version"
    }

    if ($source)
    {
        $cmd += " -source $source"
    }

    if ($force)
    {
        $cmd += " -force"
    }

    $results = invoke-expression $cmd

    if ($LastExitCode -ne 0)
    {
        Set-Attr $result "choco_error_cmd" $cmd
        Set-Attr $result "choco_error_log" "$results"
        Throw "Error installing $package" 
    }

    if ("$results" -match ' upgraded (\d+)/\d+ package\(s\)\. ')
    {
        if ($matches[1] -gt 0)
        {
            $result.changed = $true
        }
    }
}

Function Choco-Install 
{
    [CmdletBinding()]

    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=1)]
        [string]$package,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=2)]
        [string]$version,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=3)]
        [string]$source,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=4)]
        [bool]$force,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=5)]
        [bool]$upgrade
    )

    if (Choco-IsInstalled $package)
    {
        if ($upgrade)
        {
            Choco-Upgrade -package $package -version $version -source $source -force $force
        }

        return
    }

    $cmd = "$executable install -dv -y $package"

    if ($version)
    {
        $cmd += " -version $version"
    }

    if ($source)
    {
        $cmd += " -source $source"
    }

    if ($force)
    {
        $cmd += " -force"
    }

    $results = invoke-expression $cmd

    if ($LastExitCode -ne 0)
    {
        Set-Attr $result "choco_error_cmd" $cmd
        Set-Attr $result "choco_error_log" "$results"
        Throw "Error installing $package" 
    }

     $result.changed = $true
}

Function Choco-Uninstall 
{
    [CmdletBinding()]

    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=1)]
        [string]$package,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=2)]
        [string]$version,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=3)]
        [bool]$force
    )

    if (-not (Choco-IsInstalled $package))
    {
        return
    }

    $cmd = "$executable uninstall -dv -y $package"

    if ($version)
    {
        $cmd += " -version $version"
    }

    if ($force)
    {
        $cmd += " -force"
    }

    $results = invoke-expression $cmd

    if ($LastExitCode -ne 0)
    {
        Set-Attr $result "choco_error_cmd" $cmd
        Set-Attr $result "choco_error_log" "$results"
        Throw "Error uninstalling $package" 
    }

     $result.changed = $true
}
Try
{
    Chocolatey-Install-Upgrade

    if ($state -eq "present")
    {
        Choco-Install -package $package -version $version -source $source `
            -force $force -upgrade $upgrade
    }
    else
    {
        Choco-Uninstall -package $package -version $version -force $force
    }

    Exit-Json $result;
}
Catch
{
     Fail-Json $result $_.Exception.Message
}

如您所見，如果在計算機上找不到它，請安裝Chocolatey。

可從https://chocolatey.org/install.ps1下載用於安裝Chocolatey的Powershell腳本

還有一件事... Chocolatey安裝日志中有一個例外

2015-06-17 01：13：40,156 [ERROR]-反序列化Chocolatey.infrastructure.app.configuration.ConfigFileSettings類型的響應時出錯：引發了'System.OutOfMemoryException'類型的異常。

2015-06-17 01：13：40,187 [錯誤]-引發了類型為System.OutOfMemoryException的異常。

我發現應該使用的地方：

winrm設置winrm / config / winrs @ {MaxMemoryPerShellMB =“ MemoryInMB”}

但這對安裝沒有幫助

Answer 5

它需要具有已安裝的Windows Management Framework 3.0的Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1。

我已經執行了一些步驟來運行它。

1. 從Microsoft網站在Windows Server 2008上安裝了.NET Framework 4.0
2. 在Powershell窗口中執行的命令：Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned
3. 從Microsoft網站安裝了Windows Management Framework 3.0
4. 通過Ansible文檔安裝的更新： http : //support.microsoft.com/kb/2842230
5. Ansible文檔中已執行的系統准備腳本： https : //github.com/ansible/ansible/blob/devel/examples/scripts/ConfigureRemotingForAnsible.ps1

現在，在清晰的系統第一次運行的劇本上運行后，我遇到了錯誤（在安裝firefox時）：

failed: [192.168.1.117] => {"failed": true, "parsed": false}

Mode                LastWriteTime     Length Name                              
----                -------------     ------ ----                              
d----        2015-06-17     15:32            chocInstall                       
Downloading https://chocolatey.org/api/v2/package/chocolatey/ to C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\chocolatey\chocInstall\chocolatey.zip
Download 7Zip commandline tool
Downloading https://chocolatey.org/7za.exe to C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\chocolatey\chocInstall\7za.exe
Extracting C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\chocolatey\chocInstall\chocolatey.zip to C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\chocolatey\chocInstall...
Installing chocolatey on this machine
{
    "changed":  false,
    "msg":  "The term \u0027C:\\Users\\ADMINI~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\chocolatey\\chocInstall\\tools\\chocolateyInstall.ps1\u0027 is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try again.",
    "failed":  true
}

7-Zip (A) 9.20  Copyright (c) 1999-2010 Igor Pavlov  2010-11-18

Processing archive: C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\chocolatey\chocInstall\chocolatey.zip

Extracting  _rels\.rels
Extracting  chocolatey.nuspec
Extracting  tools\chocolateyInstall.ps1
Extracting  tools\chocolateysetup.psm1
Extracting  tools\init.ps1
Extracting  tools\chocolateyInstall\choco.exe
Extracting  tools\chocolateyInstall\choco.exe.ignore
Extracting  package\services\metadata\core-properties\61804721eec44e8592a61904d0a62022.psmdcp
Extracting  [Content_Types].xml

Everything is Ok

Files: 9
Size:       3738621
Compressed: 1259522


FATAL: all hosts have already failed -- aborting

第二次運行后，安裝tomcat一切正常。 錯誤：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/runner/connection_plugins/winrm.py", line 161, in exec_command
    result = self._winrm_exec(cmd_parts[0], cmd_parts[1:], from_exec=True)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/runner/connection_plugins/winrm.py", line 122, in _winrm_exec
    self.shell_id = self.protocol.open_shell()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/winrm/protocol.py", line 118, in open_shell
    rs = self.send_message(xmltodict.unparse(rq))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/winrm/protocol.py", line 190, in send_message
    return self.transport.send_message(message)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/winrm/transport.py", line 110, in send_message
    raise WinRMTransportError('http', error_message)
WinRMTransportError: 500 WinRMTransport. Bad HTTP response returned from server.  Code 500
fatal: [192.168.1.117] => failed to exec cmd PowerShell -NoProfile -NonInteractive -EncodedCommand KABOAGUAdwAtAEkAdABlAG0AIAAtAFQAeQBwAGUAIABEAGkAcgBlAGMAdABvAHIAeQAgAC0AUABhAHQAaAAgACQAZQBuAHYAOgB0AGUAbQBwACAALQBOAGEAbQBlACAAIgBhAG4AcwBpAGIAbABlAC0AdABtAHAALQAxADQAMwA0ADUANAA4ADAAOQAyAC4ANgAtADEANgAzADkANAAwADEAMwA4ADUAMAAwADIAMQAzACIAKQAuAEYAdQBsAGwATgBhAG0AZQAgAHwAIABXAHIAaQB0AGUALQBIAG8AcwB0ACAALQBTAGUAcABhAHIAYQB0AG8AcgAgACcAJwA7AA==

FATAL: all hosts have already failed -- aborting

第三次運行可以，沒有錯誤，但是我對這種解決方案不滿意。 我正在嘗試修復它，所以如果有人知道解決方案，請幫助我:)

謝謝

Answer 6

承認是很愚蠢的，但是如此簡單的解決方案（如更改安裝順序）有助於解決第二次運行錯誤。

我認為JAVA_HOME系統變量存在問題（我先安裝了jdk 7並為其設置了變量），tomcat 7的巧克力安裝需要安裝Java 8（奇怪）並將系統變量設置為jdk8。

我的劇本現在安裝了tomcat，jdk7，將系統變量設置為jdk7（我正在嘗試使用powershell進行此操作），然后安裝其他東西。 我仍然遇到第一個錯誤（安裝Chocolatey時）

---
- hosts: windows
  vars:
    java:
      JAVA_HOME: "C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.7.0_76"
  tasks:
#   INSTALL FIREFOX
    - name: install_firefox
      win_chocolatey:
        name: firefox -y
        state: present
#   TOMCAT INSTALL
    - name: install_tomcat
      win_chocolatey:
        name: tomcat -y
        version: 7.0.59
        state: present
#   INSTALL AND SET JAVA_HOME
    - name: install_and_set_java_home
      win_chocolatey:
        name: jdk7 -y
        version: 7.0.76
        environment: java
        state: present
#   STOP TOMCAT SERVICE
    - name: tomcat_service_auto_stop
      win_service:
        name: Apache Tomcat 7.0 Tomcat7
        start_mode: auto
        state: stopped
...
...
...
#   DOWNLOAD SERVER.XML FOR TOMCAT
    - name: download_server_xml
      win_get_url: 
        url: http://192.168.1.107:8000/server.xml
        dest: C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\tomcat\apache-tomcat-7.0.59\conf\server.xml
#   DOWNLOAD SQL DRIVER
    - name: download_sql_driver
      win_get_url: 
        url: http://192.168.1.107:8000/sqljdbc4.jar
        dest: C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\tomcat\apache-tomcat-7.0.59\lib\sqljdbc4.jar
#   OPEN PORT 80 FOR TOMCAT
    - name: Open_Port_80_for_Tomcat
      script: ../scripts/portsWin2008.ps1
#   START TOMCAT SERVICE
    - name: tomcat_service_start
      win_service:
        name: Apache Tomcat 7.0 Tomcat7
        state: started

Answer 7

我已經修改了劇本，但現在只運行了一次，但是出現了關於choco安裝的錯誤（與之前相同）。 如果對某人有幫助，這里是忽略劇本失敗的解決方案：

---
- hosts: windows
  tasks:
#   INSTALL CHOCO
    - name: install_chocolatey
      win_chocolatey:
        name: chocolatey -y
        state: present
      ignore_errors: yes
#   INSTALL FIREFOX
    - name: install_firefox
      win_chocolatey:
        name: firefox -y
        state: present
.
.
.

我希望它會有所幫助;）