[英]Installing Azure powershell in an azure Virtual Machine
我需要編寫一個powershell工作流，用於創建Azure虛擬機並在該Azure虛擬機中執行一些azure cmdlet。 但是新創建的VM沒有安裝azure powershell模塊。 我的代碼就像這樣
New-AzureQuickVM -Windows -ServiceName $serviceName -Name $vmname -ImageName $VMImage -Password $password -AdminUserName $username -InstanceSize "ExtraSmall" -WaitForBoot
$WinRmUri = Get-AzureWinRMUri -ServiceName $serviceName -Name $vmname
$Cred = new-object -typename System.Management.Automation.PSCredential -argumentlist $username, $password
Invoke-Command -ConnectionUri $WinRmUri -Credential $Cred -ScriptBlock {
Add-AzureAccount ...... ## These cmdlets need Azure Powershell Module
Set-AzureSubscription........
New-AzureStorageAccount......
}
我不應該手動獲取該VM的rdp並打開它以安裝Azure Powershell模塊，而是使用powershell cmdlet動態創建VM，並使用PowerShell本身在該vm中安裝azure模塊。
這可以使用ARM（Azure資源管理器）模板輕松完成。 這是一個JSON模板，用於定義要部署的對象。 在您的情況下，您可能希望部署具有自定義腳本擴展的VM。 配置VM后，Azure資源管理器將獲取提供的文件並運行自定義PowerShell。 請參閱下面的示例，並將您的blob和powershell腳本替換為https://<YOUR-BLOB-HERE>.blob.core.windows.net/resources/CUSTOM-POWERSHELL-SCRIPT.ps1 。 要運行腳本，您可以使用Azure powershell，如下所述： https ： //azure.microsoft.com/en-us/documentation/articles/powershell-azure-resource-manager/
用於您的目的的關鍵cmdlet是New-AzureResourceGroup。 調用將類似於：
Switch-AzureMode -Name AzureResourceManager
New-AzureResourceGroup -Name TestRG1 -Location "West US" -TemplateFile <YOUR-JSON-ARM-TEMPLATE>.json
請參閱此處的ARM模板列表以供參考： https ： //github.com/Azure/azure-quickstart-templates 。 要修改的示例模板以運行自定義代碼/安裝Azure powershell。
{
"$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2015-01-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
"contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
"parameters": {
"newStorageAccountName": {
"type": "string",
"metadata": {
"description": "Unique DNS Name for the Storage Account where the Virtual Machine's disks will be placed."
}
},
"adminUsername": {
"type": "string",
"metadata": {
"description": "Username for the Virtual Machine."
}
},
"adminPassword": {
"type": "securestring",
"metadata": {
"description": "Password for the Virtual Machine."
}
},
"dnsNameForPublicIP": {
"type": "string",
"metadata": {
"description": "Unique DNS Name for the Public IP used to access the Virtual Machine."
}
},
"windowsOSVersion": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "2012-R2-Datacenter",
"allowedValues": [
"2008-R2-SP1",
"2012-Datacenter",
"2012-R2-Datacenter"
],
"metadata": {
"description": "The Windows version for the VM. This will pick a fully patched image of this given Windows version. Allowed values: 2008-R2-SP1, 2012-Datacenter, 2012-R2-Datacenter."
}
}
},
"variables": {
"location": "West US",
"imagePublisher": "MicrosoftWindowsServer",
"imageOffer": "WindowsServer",
"OSDiskName": "osdiskforwindowssimple",
"nicName": "myVMNic",
"addressPrefix": "10.0.0.0/16",
"subnetName": "Subnet",
"subnetPrefix": "10.0.0.0/24",
"storageAccountType": "Standard_LRS",
"publicIPAddressName": "myPublicIP",
"publicIPAddressType": "Dynamic",
"vmStorageAccountContainerName": "vhds",
"vmName": "MyWindowsVM",
"vmSize": "Standard_A2",
"virtualNetworkName": "MyVNET",
"vnetID": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks',variables('virtualNetworkName'))]",
"subnetRef": "[concat(variables('vnetID'),'/subnets/',variables('subnetName'))]"
},
"resources": [
{
"type": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
"name": "[parameters('newStorageAccountName')]",
"apiVersion": "2015-05-01-preview",
"location": "[variables('location')]",
"properties": {
"accountType": "[variables('storageAccountType')]"
}
},
{
"apiVersion": "2015-05-01-preview",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses",
"name": "[variables('publicIPAddressName')]",
"location": "[variables('location')]",
"properties": {
"publicIPAllocationMethod": "[variables('publicIPAddressType')]",
"dnsSettings": {
"domainNameLabel": "[parameters('dnsNameForPublicIP')]"
}
}
},
{
"apiVersion": "2015-05-01-preview",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
"name": "[variables('virtualNetworkName')]",
"location": "[variables('location')]",
"properties": {
"addressSpace": {
"addressPrefixes": [
"[variables('addressPrefix')]"
]
},
"subnets": [
{
"name": "[variables('subnetName')]",
"properties": {
"addressPrefix": "[variables('subnetPrefix')]"
}
}
]
}
},
{
"apiVersion": "2015-05-01-preview",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces",
"name": "[variables('nicName')]",
"location": "[variables('location')]",
"dependsOn": [
"[concat('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses/', variables('publicIPAddressName'))]",
"[concat('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/', variables('virtualNetworkName'))]"
],
"properties": {
"ipConfigurations": [
{
"name": "ipconfig1",
"properties": {
"privateIPAllocationMethod": "Dynamic",
"publicIPAddress": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses',variables('publicIPAddressName'))]"
},
"subnet": {
"id": "[variables('subnetRef')]"
}
}
}
]
},
},
{
"apiVersion": "2015-05-01-preview",
"type": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
"name": "[variables('vmName')]",
"location": "[variables('location')]",
"dependsOn": [
"[concat('Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/', parameters('newStorageAccountName'))]",
"[concat('Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces/', variables('nicName'))]"
],
"properties": {
"hardwareProfile": {
"vmSize": "[variables('vmSize')]"
},
"osProfile": {
"computername": "[variables('vmName')]",
"adminUsername": "[parameters('adminUsername')]",
"adminPassword": "[parameters('adminPassword')]"
},
"storageProfile": {
"imageReference": {
"publisher": "[variables('imagePublisher')]",
"offer": "[variables('imageOffer')]",
"sku" : "[parameters('windowsOSVersion')]",
"version":"latest"
},
"osDisk" : {
"name": "osdisk",
"vhd": {
"uri": "[concat('http://',parameters('newStorageAccountName'),'.blob.core.windows.net/',variables('vmStorageAccountContainerName'),'/',variables('OSDiskName'),'.vhd')]"
},
"caching": "ReadWrite",
"createOption": "FromImage"
}
},
"networkProfile": {
"networkInterfaces": [
{
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces',variables('nicName'))]"
}
]
}
},
"resources": [
{
"name": "CustomScript",
"type": "extensions",
"location": "[variables('location')]",
"apiVersion": "2015-05-01-preview",
"dependsOn": [
"[concat('Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/', variables('vmName')]"
],
"properties": {
"publisher": "Microsoft.Compute",
"type": "CustomScriptExtension",
"typeHandlerVersion": "[variables('customScriptExtensionVersion')]",
"settings": {
"fileUris": [
"https://<YOUR-BLOB-HERE>.blob.core.windows.net/resources/CUSTOM-POWERSHELL-SCRIPT.ps1",
"http://go.microsoft.com/?linkid=9811175&clcid=0x409"
],
"commandToExecute": "[concat('powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted -Command .\\CUSTOM-POWERSHELL-SCRIPT.ps1 -Argument1 argument1')]"
}
}
}
]
}
]
}
如果您的VM具有PowerShell 5.0，則可以使用PowerShell庫來安裝模塊。 您不需要在其他答案中提及任何步驟。 您需要做的就是像平常一樣編寫PowerShell腳本。 只需使用一個cmdlet即可從PowerShell庫添加模塊。
您可以使用Install-Module從庫中安裝模塊，也可以使用Install-Script從PowerShell公共庫中安裝示例腳本。
您甚至可以將自己的模塊放在庫中並從那里安裝。
參考： PowerShell庫入門
您可以使用Azure自動化服務將Runershell代碼實現到Runbook中。
http://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/documentation/services/automation/
雖然不是一個直截了當的方法，但我實現了滿足我需求的這個想法。
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