Python在Tkinter中發送WebSocket消息

Question

我在python 2.7上的tkinter中發送websocket消息時遇到問題。 我現在有Tkinter的和WebSocket的客戶在一個線程中運行，因此它們都同時循環工作，因為看到這里 。 問題是，每當我嘗試鍵入消息並按發送按鈕時，都會收到NameError。 我正在使用的websocket客戶端在這里 。

這是我的代碼：

from Tkinter import *
from websocket import *
from threading import *

master = Tk()
master.wm_title("Websocket Test")
minwidth = master.winfo_screenwidth()/4*3
minheight = master.winfo_screenheight()/4*3
master.minsize(width=minwidth, height=minheight)
master.resizable(0,0)

def sendmsg():
   msg = entry.get()
   ws.send(msg)
   return

text = Text(master)
text.pack(side=TOP, expand=True,fill=BOTH)
entry = Entry(master)
entry.pack(side=BOTTOM, expand=True, fill=BOTH)
button = Button(master, text="SEND", command=sendmsg)
button.pack(side=BOTTOM, expand=True, fill=BOTH)

def on_message(ws, message):
   text.insert(END, "Received: "+message+"\n")
   print "Received: "+message
   return

def on_error(ws, error):
   text.insert(END, error+"\n")
   print error
   return

def on_close(ws):
   text.insert(END, "### closed ###\n")
   print "### closed ###"
   return

def on_open(ws):
   ws.send("hello")
   ws.send("testing")
   return

def connection():
   enableTrace(True)
   ws = WebSocketApp("ws://echo.websocket.org/", on_message = on_message, on_error = on_error, on_close = on_close)
   ws.on_open = on_open

   ws.run_forever()
   return

t = Thread(target=connection)
t.start()

master.mainloop()

這是我每次嘗試發送消息時都會收到的錯誤消息：

Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python27\lib\lib-tk\Tkinter.py", line 1486, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "C:\Users\User\Desktop\thing.py", line 14, in sendmsg
    ws.send(msg)
NameError: global name 'ws' is not defined

我認為這與線程有關，但是我不確定是什么引起了問題。 websocket on_open函數使用ws.send（）成功將消息發送到服務器，但sendmsg函數沒有。 感謝所有幫助，因為我是線程技術的新手。

Answer 1

那是因為你

def sendmsg():
    msg = entry.get()
    ws.send(msg)
    return

您需要首先實例化websocket：

def sendmsg():
    ws = WebSocketApp("ws://echo.websocket.org/", on_message = on_message, on_error = on_error, on_close = on_close)
    msg = entry.get()
    ws.send(msg)
    return

看起來您稍后會在connection()創建一個ws實例，然后執行ws = WebSocketApp("ws://echo.websocket.org/", on_message = on_message, on_error = on_error, on_close = on_close) 。 只需確保在使用ws之前已完成此操作，因為這是定義它的地方。