復制分配構造函數中的語法錯誤

Question

我一直在為無符號整數設計自己的Vector實施，以了解有關如何定義自己的構造函數的更多信息。 我也沒有使用任何標准庫只是為了學習更多有關如何從頭開始制作矢量的信息。

經過Som研究后，我現在寫了一些構造函數，我認為應該是正確的，但是我遇到了一些更奇怪的錯誤，我似乎無法弄清它們為什么會出現。 可能是我誤解了構造函數的外觀？

您能給我的所有幫助都將得到極大的幫助！

這是我認為在定義錯誤時會導致錯誤的構造函數：

UIntVector& UIntVector::operator=(UIntVector&& other){
if (this != &other) {
    unsigned int * begin = allocate(sizeof(unsigned int)*other.vsize);
    unsigned int * end = (other.vAddress + (sizeof(unsigned int)*other.vsize));
    copyV(other.vAddress, end, begin);
    deleteV(other.vAddress, end);

    vAddress = begin;
    vsize = other.vsize;

    other.vAddress = nullptr;
    other.vsize = 0;
}
return *this;
}

這些是我在Visual Studio中遇到的錯誤（上面的構造函數在第48行） ：

uintvector.cpp(48): error C2059: syntax error: 'if'

uintvector.cpp(48): error C2143: syntax error: missing ';' before '{'

uintvector.cpp(48): error C2447: '{': missing function header (old-style formal list?)

uintvector.cpp(60): error C2059: syntax error: 'return'

uintvector.cpp(61): error C2059: syntax error: '}'

uintvector.cpp(61): error C2143: syntax error: missing ';' before '}'

uintvector.cpp(69): error C2143: syntax error: missing ';' before '{'

uintvector.cpp(69): error C2447: '{': missing function header (old-style formal list?)

UintVector.hpp的完整代碼

#include <iostream>

class UIntVector {
private:
    size_t vsize;
    unsigned int * vAddress;

    // Will allocate memory for the vector
    unsigned int * allocate(size_t size);
    // Will copy the range of the 
    void copyV(unsigned int * begin, unsigned int * end, unsigned int * dest);
    // Will delete reserved memory.
    void deleteV(unsigned int * begin, unsigned int * end);

    void reset(void);
    std::size_t size() const;
    unsigned int * getAddress();

public:

    // If UIntVector is called without parameter it should have 0 elements.
    UIntVector();

    // A constructor that just takes a single argument and then we create a vector with 7 containers.
    UIntVector(std::size_t length);

    // A copy constuctor.
    // Probably have to be explicit due to otherwise converting, don't know though
    UIntVector(const UIntVector& original);

    // Should be a deconstructor.
    ~UIntVector();

    // Should be a move constructor
    UIntVector(UIntVector&& other);

    // initializer_list
    UIntVector(std::initializer_list<int> list);

    // a copy-assignment, and a move-assignment, operator taking another UIntVector (potentially of a different size), and;
    UIntVector& operator=(UIntVector& other);

    /*
    – overloads of operator[] that makes it possible to access/modify elements at a desired index.
        ? The first element of the container shall be at index 0.
        ? An exception of type std::out_of_range shall be thrown if a user tries
            to access an index out-of-bounds
    */
    unsigned int& operator[](size_t index) const;
};

UIntVector.cpp的完整代碼：

#include <iostream>
#include "UIntVector.hpp" 

// If UIntVector is called without parameter it should have 0 elements.
UIntVector::UIntVector() {
    vAddress = allocate(0);
    vsize = 0;
    // should create just an empty vector
}

// A constructor that just takes a single argument and then we create a vector with 7 containers.
UIntVector :: UIntVector(std::size_t length) {
    // should take length and create a vector with 7 containers.
    vAddress = allocate(length);
    vsize = length;
}

// A copy constuctor.
// Probably have to be explicit due to otherwise converting, don't know though
UIntVector::UIntVector(const UIntVector& original) {
    std::size_t originalsize = original.size();
    vAddress = allocate(originalsize);
    vsize = originalsize;
    unsigned int a = originalsize*(sizeof(unsigned int));
    unsigned int * end = original.vAddress + a;
    copyV(original.vAddress, end, vAddress);
}
// Should be a deconstructor
UIntVector::~UIntVector() {
    deleteV(vAddress, vAddress + (sizeof(unsigned int)*vsize));
}

// Should be a move constructor
UIntVector::UIntVector(UIntVector&& other) {
    vAddress = other.getAddress();
    vsize = other.size();
    other.vsize = 0;
    other.vAddress = nullptr;
}

// Should be a constructor with initializer_list
UIntVector::UIntVector(std::initializer_list<int> list) {
    // std::initializer_list
}


// a copy-assignment, and a move-assignment, operator taking another UIntVector (potentially of a different size), and;
UIntVector& UIntVector::operator=(UIntVector& other){
    if (this != &other) {
        unsigned int * begin = allocate(sizeof(unsigned int)*other.vsize);
        unsigned int * end = (other.vAddress + (sizeof(unsigned int)*other.vsize));
        copyV(other.vAddress, end, begin);
        deleteV(other.vAddress, end);

        vAddress = begin;
        vsize = other.vsize;

        other.vAddress = nullptr;
        other.vsize = 0;
    }
    return *this;
}


/*
– overloads of operator[] that makes it possible to access/modify elements at a desired index.
? The first element of the container shall be at index 0.
? An exception of type std::out_of_range shall be thrown if a user tries
to access an index out-of-bounds
*/
unsigned int& UIntVector::operator[](size_t index) const {
    try {
        unsigned int * indexadress = vAddress + (sizeof(unsigned int)*index);
        return *indexadress;
    }
    catch (std::out_of_range& e) {
        std::cout << "Out of range: " << e.what() << "\n";
    }
    catch (std::exception& e) {
        std::cout << "Some other exception: " << e.what() << "\n";
    }
}


// Will allocate memory for the vector
unsigned int * UIntVector :: allocate(size_t size) {
    vsize = size;
    return (unsigned int *)malloc(sizeof(unsigned int) * size);
}

// Will copy the range of the 
void UIntVector :: copyV(unsigned int * begin, unsigned int * end, unsigned int * dest) {
    while (begin != end){
        *dest = *begin;
        begin += sizeof(unsigned int);
        dest += sizeof(unsigned int);
    }
}

void UIntVector :: deleteV(unsigned int * begin, unsigned int * end) {
    while (begin != end){
        free(begin);
        begin += sizeof(unsigned int);
    }
}

void UIntVector::reset(void) {

    unsigned int * address = getAddress();
    unsigned int a = {};
    for (int i = 0; i < size(); i++) {
        *address = a;
        address += sizeof(unsigned int);
    }

}

std::size_t UIntVector :: size(void) const {
    return vsize;
}

unsigned int * UIntVector::getAddress(void){
    return vAddress;
}

Answer 1

原來這是Visual Studio版本的問題，我下載了Visual Studio 2013，而不是最新的Mircosoft Visual Studio Community 2015。

我猜這是由於新標准，該程序是為c ++ 11編寫的，因此出現了錯誤。 非常感謝你們所有人提供的測試幫助。