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如何將PHP數組傳遞給BASH腳本?

[英]How to pass a PHP array to a BASH script?

我有一個PHP腳本和一個bash腳本。 他們在同一個目錄中。 我正在從命令行運行php腳本,它將數組傳遞給bash腳本。 我正在嘗試執行以下操作:

  1. 將PHP數組傳遞給BASH腳本
  2. 從STDIN獲取用戶輸入
  3. 將用戶輸入傳遞回PHP腳本以進行進一步處理

這是我的PHP腳本:

<?php
$a=array("red","green","blue","yellow");

$string = '(' . implode(' ', $a) . ')';  // (red green blue yellow)

$user_response = shell_exec('./response.sh $string');

// do something with $user_response

?>

BASH腳本應該從STDIN讀取數組並提示用戶選擇一個選項:

#!/bin/bash
options=$($1);   # (red green blue yellow) but this isn't working
i=0;
echo "select an option";
for each in "${options[@]}"
do
echo "[$i] $each"
i=$((i+1))
done

echo;

read input;
echo "You picked option ${options[$input]}";
# here's where I want to pass or export the input back to the 
# php script for further processing

當我運行php腳本時,它不顯示數組選項。

我說最簡單的不是嘗試模擬內部bash數組,而是使用'normal'邏輯/后處理。 例如; 如果你只是將implode(' ', $a)傳遞給bash腳本(你也應該通過escapeshellarg()傳遞它escapeshellarg()

$a=array("red","green","blue","yellow");
$args = implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $a)); 
$user_response = shell_exec('./response.sh '. $args);

然后你可以使用bash遍歷參數

for each in $*; do
  echo $each
done

您的解決方案的問題是Shell腳本的輸出實際上是PHP $response變量:

SHELL腳本:

#!/bin/bash
echo "Before prompt"
read -p 'Enter a value: ' input
echo "You entered $input"

PHP腳本:

<?php
$shell = shell_exec("./t.sh");

echo "SHELL RESPONSE\n$shell\n";

php t.php結果:

$ php t.php
Enter a value: foo
SHELL RESPONSE
Before prompt
You entered foo

您捕獲了Shell腳本的整個STDOUT

如果您希望簡單地將值傳遞給shell腳本,則選項$option_string = implode(' ', $array_of_values); 將為腳本單獨設置選項。 如果你想要一些更先進的東西(設置標志,分配東西等)試試這個( https://ideone.com/oetqaY ):

function build_shell_args(Array $options = array(), $equals="=") {

    static $ok_chars = '/^[-0-9a-z_:\/\.]+$/i';

    $args = array();

    foreach ($options as $key => $val) if (!is_null($val) && $val !== FALSE) {

        $arg     = '';
        $key_len = 0;

        if(is_string($key) && ($key_len = strlen($key)) > 0) {

            if(!preg_match($ok_chars, $key))
                $key = escapeshellarg($key);

            $arg .= '-'.(($key_len > 1) ? '-' : '').$key;
        }

        if($val !== TRUE) {

            if((string) $val !== (string) (int) $val) {
                $val = print_r($val, TRUE);

                if(!preg_match($ok_chars, $val))
                    $val = escapeshellarg($val);

            }

            if($key_len != 0)
                $arg .= $equals;

            $arg .= $val;

        }

        if(!empty($arg))
            $args[] = $arg;

    }

    return implode(' ', $args);
}

這將是您傳遞給命令行的最全面的解決方案。

如果您正在尋找一種方法來提示用戶(一般情況下),我會考慮留在PHP中。 最基本的方法是:

print_r("$question : ");
$fp = fopen('php://stdin', 'r');
$response = fgets($fp, 1024); 

或者,為了支持驗證問題,多行,並且僅在CLI上調用:

function prompt($message = NULL, $validator = NULL, $terminator = NULL, $include_terminating_line = FALSE) {

    if(PHP_SAPI != 'cli') {
        throw new \Exception('Can not Prompt.  Not Interactive.');
    }

    $return = '';

    // Defaults to 0 or more of any character.
    $validator = !is_null($validator) ? $validator : '/^.*$/';
    // Defaults to a lonely new-line character.
    $terminator = !is_null($terminator) ? $terminator : "/^\\n$/";

    if(@preg_match($validator, NULL) === FALSE) {
        throw new Exception("Prompt Validator Regex INVALID. - '$validator'");
    }

    if(@preg_match($terminator, NULL) === FALSE) {
        throw new Exception("Prompt Terminator Regex INVALID. - '$terminator'");
    }

    $fp = fopen('php://stdin', 'r');

    $message = print_r($message,true);

    while (TRUE) {
        print_r("$message : ");

        while (TRUE) {
            $line = fgets($fp, 1024); // read the special file to get the user input from keyboard

            $terminate = preg_match($terminator, $line);
            $valid = preg_match($validator, $line);

            if (!empty($valid) && (empty($terminate) || $include_terminating_line)) {
                $return .= $line;
            }

            if (!empty($terminate)) {
                break 2;
            }

            if(empty($valid)) {
                print_r("\nInput Invalid!\n");
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    return $return;
}

因為括號在子shell中運行它們中的內容,這不是我想要的......

我會改變這個......

$string = '(' . implode(' ', $a) . ')';

對此......

$string = '"' . implode (' ', $a) . '"';

另外,在這里使用雙引號......

$user_response = shell_exec ("./response.sh $string");

或者爆發......

$user_response = shell_exec ('./response.sh ' . $string);

因此,我也會將BASH更改為簡單地接受單個參數,字符串,並將該參數拆分為數組以獲取我們的選項。

像這樣......

#!/bin/bash

IFS=' ';
read -ra options <<< "$1";
i=0;

echo "select an option";

for each in "${options[@]}"; do
    echo "[$i] $each";
    i=$((i+1));
done;

unset i;
echo;

read input;
echo "You picked option " ${options[$input]};

您可以將shell腳本設置為:

#!/bin/bash
options=("$@")

i=0
echo "select an option"
for str in "${options[@]}"; do
   echo "[$i] $str"
   ((i++))
done    
echo    
read -p 'Enter an option: ' input
echo "You picked option ${options[$input]}"

然后讓你的PHP代碼如下:

<?php
$a=array("red","green","blue","yellow");    
$string = implode(' ', $a);    
$user_response = shell_exec("./response.sh $string");

echo "$user_response\n";
?>

但是請記住,從PHP運行時輸出將是這樣的:

php -f test.php
Enter an option: 2
select an option
[0] red
[1] green
[2] blue
[3] yellow

You picked option blue

即用戶輸入將在腳本輸出顯示之前到來。

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