django.db.utils.OperationalError：無法連接到服務器：沒有這樣的文件或目錄

Question

我在 settings.py 中的數據庫設置如下

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': 'dbname',
        'USER': 'postgres',
        'PASSWORD': 'postgres',
        'HOST': '',
        'PORT':'8081',
    }
}

但是當運行 python manage.py migrate 時，我收到錯誤 django.db.utils.OperationalError: could not connect to server: No such file or directory

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 130, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 119, in connect
    self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql_psycopg2/base.py", line 176, in get_new_connection
    connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 164, in connect
    conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, async=async)
psycopg2.OperationalError: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
    Is the server running locally and accepting
    connections on Unix domain socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.8081"?


The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 338, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 330, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 393, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 444, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 93, in handle
    executor = MigrationExecutor(connection, self.migration_progress_callback)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 19, in __init__
    self.loader = MigrationLoader(self.connection)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 47, in __init__
    self.build_graph()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 182, in build_graph
    self.applied_migrations = recorder.applied_migrations()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 59, in applied_migrations
    self.ensure_schema()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 49, in ensure_schema
    if self.Migration._meta.db_table in self.connection.introspection.table_names(self.connection.cursor()):
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 162, in cursor
    cursor = self.make_debug_cursor(self._cursor())
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 135, in _cursor
    self.ensure_connection()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 130, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 97, in __exit__
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 658, in reraise
    raise value.with_traceback(tb)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 130, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 119, in connect
    self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql_psycopg2/base.py", line 176, in get_new_connection
    connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 164, in connect
    conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, async=async)
django.db.utils.OperationalError: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
    Is the server running locally and accepting
    connections on Unix domain socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.8081"?

任何幫助都會有所幫助，提前感謝我正在開發 ubantu 操作系統。

Answer 1

看起來 PostgreSQL 根本沒有運行。 嘗試跑步

sudo service postgresql start

Answer 2

如果有的話，這些步驟對我有用 停用 virtualenv。

1. pyenv 停用

2. 安裝所需的庫。

   須藤 apt-get 安裝 libpq-dev python-dev

3. 安裝 PostgreSQL。

   sudo apt-get 安裝 postgresql postgresql-contrib

4. 啟動 psql shell。

   sudo -u postgres psql

5. 通過輸入以下命令設置 postgres 用戶密碼，系統將提示您在 psql shell 中輸入密碼。 完成后按 Control + D 退出。

   \\密碼postgres

6. 創建一個名為 django_user 的新數據庫用戶。

   `

   sudo -u postgres createuser django_user

7. 再次進入 psql shell。

   sudo -u postgres psql

8. 創建數據庫並將其命名為 django_db。

   創建數據庫 django_db;

9. 設置 django_user 的密碼。

   更改用戶 django_user 密碼 '';

10. 正確授予權限。

    將數據庫 django_db 上的所有權限授予 django_user；

11. 退出 psql shell 並激活 virtualenv。

    pyenv 激活

12. 安裝 psycopg2 包。

    pip 安裝 psycopg2

13. 編輯 Django 項目 settings.py 如下。

    DATABASES = { 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2', 'NAME': 'django_db', 'USER': 'django_user', 'PASSWORD': '', 'HOST': '本地主機'，'端口'：'5432'，} }

14. 初始化數據庫。

    python manage.py 遷移

15. 啟動 Django 項目，看看是否一切正常。

    python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

完成 =)