在Centos Linux上，如何使用pip安裝Python軟件包“ readline”？

Question

使用常規命令sudo pip install readline我遇到錯誤

Command "/usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-Ax57Qh/readline/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-KRvGg7-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-Ax57Qh/readline

完整的控制台輸出為

sudo pip install readline
[sudo] password for qazwsx:
Collecting readline
  Using cached readline-6.2.4.1.tar.gz
Installing collected packages: readline
  Running setup.py install for readline
    Complete output from command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-Ax57Qh/readline/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-KRvGg7-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    readline-6.2/
    readline-6.2/doc/
    readline-6.2/doc/Makefile.in
    readline-6.2/doc/texinfo.tex
    readline-6.2/doc/version.texi
    readline-6.2/doc/fdl.texi
    readline-6.2/doc/rlman.texi
    readline-6.2/doc/rltech.texi
    readline-6.2/doc/rluser.texi
    readline-6.2/doc/rluserman.texi
    readline-6.2/doc/history.texi
    readline-6.2/doc/hstech.texi
    readline-6.2/doc/hsuser.texi
    readline-6.2/doc/readline.3
    readline-6.2/doc/history.3
    readline-6.2/doc/texi2dvi
    readline-6.2/doc/texi2html
    readline-6.2/doc/readline.ps
    readline-6.2/doc/history.ps
    readline-6.2/doc/rluserman.ps
    readline-6.2/doc/readline.dvi
    readline-6.2/doc/history.dvi
    readline-6.2/doc/rluserman.dvi
    readline-6.2/doc/readline.info
    readline-6.2/doc/history.info
    readline-6.2/doc/rluserman.info
    readline-6.2/doc/readline.html
    readline-6.2/doc/history.html
    readline-6.2/doc/rluserman.html
    readline-6.2/doc/readline.0
    readline-6.2/doc/history.0
    readline-6.2/doc/readline_3.ps
    readline-6.2/doc/history_3.ps
    readline-6.2/doc/history.pdf
    readline-6.2/doc/readline.pdf
    readline-6.2/doc/rluserman.pdf
    readline-6.2/examples/
    readline-6.2/examples/autoconf/
    readline-6.2/examples/autoconf/BASH_CHECK_LIB_TERMCAP
    readline-6.2/examples/autoconf/RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION
    readline-6.2/examples/autoconf/wi_LIB_READLINE
    readline-6.2/examples/rlfe/
    readline-6.2/examples/rlfe/ChangeLog
    readline-6.2/examples/rlfe/Makefile.in
    readline-6.2/examples/rlfe/README
    readline-6.2/examples/rlfe/config.h.in
    readline-6.2/examples/rlfe/configure
    readline-6.2/examples/rlfe/configure.in
    readline-6.2/examples/rlfe/extern.h
    readline-6.2/examples/rlfe/os.h
    readline-6.2/examples/rlfe/pty.c
    readline-6.2/examples/rlfe/rlfe.c
    readline-6.2/examples/rlfe/screen.h
    readline-6.2/examples/Makefile.in
    readline-6.2/examples/excallback.c
    readline-6.2/examples/fileman.c
    readline-6.2/examples/manexamp.c
    readline-6.2/examples/readlinebuf.h
    readline-6.2/examples/rl-fgets.c
    readline-6.2/examples/rlcat.c
    readline-6.2/examples/rlevent.c
    readline-6.2/examples/rltest.c
    readline-6.2/examples/rl.c
    readline-6.2/examples/rlptytest.c
    readline-6.2/examples/rlversion.c
    readline-6.2/examples/histexamp.c
    readline-6.2/examples/Inputrc
    readline-6.2/examples/rlwrap-0.30.tar.gz
    readline-6.2/support/
    readline-6.2/support/config.guess
    readline-6.2/support/config.rpath
    readline-6.2/support/config.sub
    readline-6.2/support/install.sh
    readline-6.2/support/mkdirs
    readline-6.2/support/mkdist
    readline-6.2/support/mkinstalldirs
    readline-6.2/support/shobj-conf
    readline-6.2/support/shlib-install
    readline-6.2/support/wcwidth.c
    readline-6.2/shlib/
    readline-6.2/shlib/Makefile.in
    readline-6.2/COPYING
    readline-6.2/README
    readline-6.2/MANIFEST
    readline-6.2/INSTALL
    readline-6.2/CHANGELOG
    readline-6.2/CHANGES
    readline-6.2/NEWS
    readline-6.2/USAGE
    readline-6.2/aclocal.m4
    readline-6.2/config.h.in
    readline-6.2/configure
    readline-6.2/configure.in
    readline-6.2/Makefile.in
    readline-6.2/ansi_stdlib.h
    readline-6.2/chardefs.h
    readline-6.2/history.h
    readline-6.2/histlib.h
    readline-6.2/keymaps.h
    readline-6.2/posixdir.h
    readline-6.2/posixjmp.h
    readline-6.2/readline.h
    readline-6.2/posixselect.h
    readline-6.2/posixstat.h
    readline-6.2/rlconf.h
    readline-6.2/rldefs.h
    readline-6.2/rlmbutil.h
    readline-6.2/rlprivate.h
    readline-6.2/rlshell.h
    readline-6.2/rlstdc.h
    readline-6.2/rltty.h
    readline-6.2/rltypedefs.h
    readline-6.2/rlwinsize.h
    readline-6.2/tcap.h
    readline-6.2/tilde.h
    readline-6.2/xmalloc.h
    readline-6.2/bind.c
    readline-6.2/callback.c
    readline-6.2/compat.c
    readline-6.2/complete.c
    readline-6.2/display.c
    readline-6.2/emacs_keymap.c
    readline-6.2/funmap.c
    readline-6.2/input.c
    readline-6.2/isearch.c
    readline-6.2/keymaps.c
    readline-6.2/kill.c
    readline-6.2/macro.c
    readline-6.2/mbutil.c
    readline-6.2/misc.c
    readline-6.2/nls.c
    readline-6.2/parens.c
    readline-6.2/readline.c
    readline-6.2/rltty.c
    readline-6.2/savestring.c
    readline-6.2/search.c
    readline-6.2/shell.c
    readline-6.2/signals.c
    readline-6.2/terminal.c
    readline-6.2/text.c
    readline-6.2/tilde.c
    readline-6.2/undo.c
    readline-6.2/util.c
    readline-6.2/vi_keymap.c
    readline-6.2/vi_mode.c
    readline-6.2/xfree.c
    readline-6.2/xmalloc.c
    readline-6.2/history.c
    readline-6.2/histexpand.c
    readline-6.2/histfile.c
    readline-6.2/histsearch.c
    readline-6.2/patchlevel
    patching file vi_mode.c
    patching file callback.c
    patching file support/shobj-conf
    patching file patchlevel
    patching file input.c
    patching file patchlevel
    patching file vi_mode.c
    patching file patchlevel
    checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
    checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu

    Beginning configuration for readline-6.2 for x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu

    checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
    checking for gcc... gcc
    checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
    checking whether the C compiler works... yes
    checking whether we are cross compiling... no
    checking for suffix of executables...
    checking for suffix of object files... o
    checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
    checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
    checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
    checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E
    checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep
    checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E
    checking for ANSI C header files... yes
    checking for sys/types.h... yes
    checking for sys/stat.h... yes
    checking for stdlib.h... yes
    checking for string.h... yes
    checking for memory.h... yes
    checking for strings.h... yes
    checking for inttypes.h... yes
    checking for stdint.h... yes
    checking for unistd.h... yes
    checking minix/config.h usability... no
    checking minix/config.h presence... no
    checking for minix/config.h... no
    checking whether it is safe to define __EXTENSIONS__... yes
    checking whether gcc needs -traditional... no
    checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
    checking for ar... ar
    checking for ranlib... ranlib
    checking for an ANSI C-conforming const... yes
    checking for function prototypes... yes
    checking whether char is unsigned... no
    checking for working volatile... yes
    checking return type of signal handlers... void
    checking for size_t... yes
    checking for ssize_t... yes
    checking for ANSI C header files... (cached) yes
    checking whether stat file-mode macros are broken... no
    checking for dirent.h that defines DIR... yes
    checking for library containing opendir... none required
    checking for fcntl... yes
    checking for kill... yes
    checking for lstat... yes
    checking for memmove... yes
    checking for putenv... yes
    checking for select... yes
    checking for setenv... yes
    checking for setlocale... yes
    checking for strcasecmp... yes
    checking for strpbrk... yes
    checking for tcgetattr... yes
    checking for vsnprintf... yes
    checking for isascii... yes
    checking for isxdigit... yes
    checking for getpwent... yes
    checking for getpwnam... yes
    checking for getpwuid... yes
    checking for working strcoll... yes
    checking fcntl.h usability... yes
    checking fcntl.h presence... yes
    checking for fcntl.h... yes
    checking for unistd.h... (cached) yes
    checking for stdlib.h... (cached) yes
    checking varargs.h usability... no
    checking varargs.h presence... no
    checking for varargs.h... no
    checking stdarg.h usability... yes
    checking stdarg.h presence... yes
    checking for stdarg.h... yes
    checking for string.h... (cached) yes
    checking for strings.h... (cached) yes
    checking limits.h usability... yes
    checking limits.h presence... yes
    checking for limits.h... yes
    checking locale.h usability... yes
    checking locale.h presence... yes
    checking for locale.h... yes
    checking pwd.h usability... yes
    checking pwd.h presence... yes
    checking for pwd.h... yes
    checking for memory.h... (cached) yes
    checking termcap.h usability... no
    checking termcap.h presence... no
    checking for termcap.h... no
    checking termios.h usability... yes
    checking termios.h presence... yes
    checking for termios.h... yes
    checking termio.h usability... yes
    checking termio.h presence... yes
    checking for termio.h... yes
    checking sys/pte.h usability... no
    checking sys/pte.h presence... no
    checking for sys/pte.h... no
    checking sys/stream.h usability... no
    checking sys/stream.h presence... no
    checking for sys/stream.h... no
    checking sys/select.h usability... yes
    checking sys/select.h presence... yes
    checking for sys/select.h... yes
    checking sys/file.h usability... yes
    checking sys/file.h presence... yes
    checking for sys/file.h... yes
    checking for sys/ptem.h... no
    checking for special C compiler options needed for large files... no
    checking for _FILE_OFFSET_BITS value needed for large files... no
    checking for type of signal functions... posix
    checking if signal handlers must be reinstalled when invoked... no
    checking for presence of POSIX-style sigsetjmp/siglongjmp... present
    checking for lstat... yes
    checking whether or not strcoll and strcmp differ... no
    checking whether the ctype macros accept non-ascii characters... yes
    checking whether getpw functions are declared in pwd.h... yes
    checking whether termios.h defines TIOCGWINSZ... no
    checking whether sys/ioctl.h defines TIOCGWINSZ... yes
    checking for sig_atomic_t in signal.h... yes
    checking whether signal handlers are of type void... yes
    checking for TIOCSTAT in sys/ioctl.h... no
    checking for FIONREAD in sys/ioctl.h... yes
    checking for speed_t in sys/types.h... no
    checking for struct winsize in sys/ioctl.h and termios.h... sys/ioctl.h
    checking for struct dirent.d_ino... yes
    checking for struct dirent.d_fileno... yes
    checking for tgetent... no
    checking for tgetent in -ltermcap... no
    checking for tgetent in -ltinfo... no
    checking for tgetent in -lcurses... no
    checking for tgetent in -lncurses... no
    checking which library has the termcap functions... using gnutermcap
    checking wctype.h usability... yes
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    checking langinfo.h usability... yes
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    checking for mbrlen... yes
    checking for mbscasecmp... no
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    checking whether mbrtowc and mbstate_t are properly declared... yes
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    checking for nl_langinfo and CODESET... yes
    checking for wchar_t in wchar.h... yes
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    checking configuration for building shared libraries... supported
    configure: creating ./config.status
    config.status: creating Makefile
    config.status: creating doc/Makefile
    config.status: creating examples/Makefile
    config.status: creating shlib/Makefile
    config.status: creating config.h
    config.status: executing default commands
    rm -f readline.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O readline.c
    rm -f vi_mode.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O vi_mode.c
    rm -f funmap.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O funmap.c
    rm -f keymaps.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O keymaps.c
    rm -f parens.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O parens.c
    rm -f search.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O search.c
    rm -f rltty.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O rltty.c
    rm -f complete.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O complete.c
    rm -f bind.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O bind.c
    rm -f isearch.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O isearch.c
    rm -f display.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O display.c
    rm -f signals.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O signals.c
    rm -f util.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O util.c
    rm -f kill.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O kill.c
    rm -f undo.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O undo.c
    rm -f macro.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O macro.c
    rm -f input.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O input.c
    rm -f callback.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O callback.c
    rm -f terminal.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O terminal.c
    rm -f text.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O text.c
    rm -f nls.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O nls.c
    rm -f misc.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O misc.c
    rm -f compat.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O compat.c
    rm -f xfree.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O xfree.c
    rm -f xmalloc.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O xmalloc.c
    rm -f history.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O history.c
    rm -f histexpand.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O histexpand.c
    rm -f histfile.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O histfile.c
    rm -f histsearch.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O histsearch.c
    rm -f shell.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O shell.c
    rm -f mbutil.o
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O mbutil.c
    rm -f tilde.o
    gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -DREADLINE_LIBRARY -c ./tilde.c
    rm -f libreadline.a
    ar cr libreadline.a readline.o vi_mode.o funmap.o keymaps.o parens.o search.o rltty.o complete.o bind.o isearch.o display.o signals.o util.o kill.o undo.o macro.o input.o callback.o terminal.o text.o nls.o misc.o compat.o xfree.o xmalloc.o history.o histexpand.o histfile.o histsearch.o shell.o mbutil.o tilde.o
    test -n "ranlib" && ranlib libreadline.a
    rm -f libhistory.a
    ar cr libhistory.a history.o histexpand.o histfile.o histsearch.o shell.o mbutil.o xmalloc.o xfree.o
    test -n "ranlib" && ranlib libhistory.a
    test -d shlib || mkdir shlib
    ( cd shlib ; make  all )
    make[1]: Entering directory `/tmp/pip-build-Ax57Qh/readline/rl/readline-lib/shlib'
    rm -f readline.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o readline.o ../readline.c
    mv readline.o readline.so
    rm -f vi_mode.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o vi_mode.o ../vi_mode.c
    mv vi_mode.o vi_mode.so
    rm -f funmap.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o funmap.o ../funmap.c
    mv funmap.o funmap.so
    rm -f keymaps.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o keymaps.o ../keymaps.c
    mv keymaps.o keymaps.so
    rm -f parens.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o parens.o ../parens.c
    mv parens.o parens.so
    rm -f search.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o search.o ../search.c
    mv search.o search.so
    rm -f rltty.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o rltty.o ../rltty.c
    mv rltty.o rltty.so
    rm -f complete.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o complete.o ../complete.c
    mv complete.o complete.so
    rm -f bind.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o bind.o ../bind.c
    mv bind.o bind.so
    rm -f isearch.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o isearch.o ../isearch.c
    mv isearch.o isearch.so
    rm -f display.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o display.o ../display.c
    mv display.o display.so
    rm -f signals.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o signals.o ../signals.c
    mv signals.o signals.so
    rm -f util.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o util.o ../util.c
    mv util.o util.so
    rm -f kill.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o kill.o ../kill.c
    mv kill.o kill.so
    rm -f undo.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o undo.o ../undo.c
    mv undo.o undo.so
    rm -f macro.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o macro.o ../macro.c
    mv macro.o macro.so
    rm -f input.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o input.o ../input.c
    mv input.o input.so
    rm -f callback.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o callback.o ../callback.c
    mv callback.o callback.so
    rm -f terminal.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o terminal.o ../terminal.c
    mv terminal.o terminal.so
    rm -f text.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o text.o ../text.c
    mv text.o text.so
    rm -f nls.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o nls.o ../nls.c
    mv nls.o nls.so
    rm -f misc.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o misc.o ../misc.c
    mv misc.o misc.so
    rm -f xmalloc.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o xmalloc.o ../xmalloc.c
    mv xmalloc.o xmalloc.so
    rm -f xfree.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o xfree.o ../xfree.c
    mv xfree.o xfree.so
    rm -f history.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o history.o ../history.c
    mv history.o history.so
    rm -f histexpand.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o histexpand.o ../histexpand.c
    mv histexpand.o histexpand.so
    rm -f histfile.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o histfile.o ../histfile.c
    mv histfile.o histfile.so
    rm -f histsearch.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o histsearch.o ../histsearch.c
    mv histsearch.o histsearch.so
    rm -f shell.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o shell.o ../shell.c
    mv shell.o shell.so
    rm -f mbutil.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o mbutil.o ../mbutil.c
    mv mbutil.o mbutil.so
    rm -f tilde.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -DREADLINE_LIBRARY -c -o tilde.o ../tilde.c
    mv tilde.o tilde.so
    rm -f compat.so
    gcc -c -DHAVE_CONFIG_H   -DNEED_EXTERN_PC -fPIC -I. -I.. -I.. -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"6.2"' -g -O -fPIC -o compat.o ../compat.c
    mv compat.o compat.so
    rm -f libreadline.so.6.2
    gcc -shared -Wl,-soname,libreadline.so.6.2 -L./lib/termcap -Wl,-rpath,/usr/local/lib -Wl,-soname,`basename libreadline.so.6.2 .2` -o libreadline.so.6.2 readline.so vi_mode.so funmap.so keymaps.so parens.so search.so rltty.so complete.so bind.so isearch.so display.so signals.so util.so kill.so undo.so macro.so input.so callback.so terminal.so text.so nls.so misc.so xmalloc.so xfree.so history.so histexpand.so histfile.so histsearch.so shell.so mbutil.so tilde.so compat.so
    rm -f libhistory.so.6.2
    gcc -shared -Wl,-soname,libhistory.so.6.2 -L./lib/termcap -Wl,-rpath,/usr/local/lib -Wl,-soname,`basename libhistory.so.6.2 .2` -o libhistory.so.6.2 history.so histexpand.so histfile.so histsearch.so shell.so mbutil.so xmalloc.so xfree.so
    make[1]: Leaving directory `/tmp/pip-build-Ax57Qh/readline/rl/readline-lib/shlib'

    ============ Building the readline library ============


    ============ Building the readline extension module ============

    running install
    running build
    running build_ext
    building 'readline' extension
    creating build
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/Modules
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/Modules/2.x
    gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -DHAVE_RL_CALLBACK -DHAVE_RL_CATCH_SIGNAL -DHAVE_RL_COMPLETION_APPEND_CHARACTER -DHAVE_RL_COMPLETION_DISPLAY_MATCHES_HOOK -DHAVE_RL_COMPLETION_MATCHES -DHAVE_RL_COMPLETION_SUPPRESS_APPEND -DHAVE_RL_PRE_INPUT_HOOK -I. -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c Modules/2.x/readline.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/Modules/2.x/readline.o -Wno-strict-prototypes
    Modules/2.x/readline.c:8:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
     #include "Python.h"
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

    ----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-Ax57Qh/readline/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-KRvGg7-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-Ax57Qh/readline

更新 ：向$CPATH添加路徑無濟於事

-bash-4.2$ locate Python.h
/usr/include/python2.7/Python.h
-bash-4.2$ echo $CPATH

-bash-4.2$ export CPATH=/usr/include/python2.7/
-bash-4.2$ echo $CPATH
/usr/include/python2.7/

而且我仍然在運行sudo pip install readline遇到相同的錯誤：

Command "/usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-NP1WUS/readline/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-9Uamrv-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-NP1WUS/readline

然后，該文件在tmp /中不再存在：

-bash-4.2$ ls -la /tmp/pip-build-*
ls: cannot access /tmp/pip-build-*: No such file or directory

Answer 1

不確定，但：

嘗試安裝sudo yum install python-devel

編輯：您可以檢查目錄/usr/include/python2.7是否實際存在嗎？ 看起來gcc找不到Python的庫。

Answer 2

這實際上是Linux / gcc問題，而不是python / pip問題。 而且，如果您查看輸出，則問題越緊湊，文本牆的盡頭就越重要，那就越好。

當pip完成配置步驟並開始編譯時，安裝失敗。 編譯器無法找到Python.h文件，該文件是包含很多插件源代碼將使用的定義的頭文件。

失敗的長gcc命令已添加此標志-I/usr/include/python2.7

您可以從那里開始查看該路徑是否存在，如果存在，則包含python標頭。 在我的系統上，出於各種原因，我安裝了一堆python版本，但一般而言，我的環境已配置為使環境變量$CPATH具有/usr/python/active/include ，其中active是指向正確版本的鏈接。 因此，如果我使用的是python2.7，則指向/usr/local/python/2.7/include ：

來自GCC關於環境變量的文檔：

路徑

C_INCLUDE_PATH

CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH

OBJC_INCLUDE_PATH

每個變量的值都是一個目錄列表，該目錄用特殊字符分隔，類似於PATH，在其中查找頭文件。 特殊字符PATH_SEPARATOR取決於目標，並在GCC構建時確定。 對於基於Microsoft Windows的目標，它是一個分號，對於幾乎所有其他目標，它是一個冒號。

CPATH指定要搜索的目錄列表，就像使用-I指定一樣，但是在命令行上使用-I選項指定的任何路徑之后。 無論使用哪種語言進行預處理，都將使用此環境變量。

您可以通過首先找到相關文件所在的目錄來解決此問題。 如果.../bin之前的路徑包含/pythonXX/文件夾，且標頭應位於/path/to/pythonXX/include請嘗試查找該python可執行文件which python它將指向/some/path/.../bin/python這樣的文件/path/to/pythonXX/include如果不是，那么它們應該在/some/path/.../include/python/include

根據安裝的python版本是否不同，您是在個人工作站上還是在較大的集群上工作，或者系統管理員（或系統設置時的管理員）的偏好/做法而定。 無論哪種方式，如果找不到，請嘗試locate Python.h

找到文件后，您可以將其添加到CPATH變量中，然后重試。

export CPATH=/the/path/to/this/file:$CPATH

然后再試一次。 下次嘗試時將發生此問題，因此您可能希望將該行（不導出）添加到.bashrc文件中