此特定xml的xml解析
[英]xml parsing for this specific xml
問題描述
<instance id="activate.v.bnc.00024693" docsrc="BNC">
<answer instance="activate.v.bnc.00024693" senseid="38201"/>
<context>
Do you know what it is , and where I can get one ? We suspect you had seen the Terrex Autospade , which is made by Wolf Tools . It is quite a hefty spade , with bicycle - type handlebars and a sprung lever at the rear , which you step on to <head>activate</head> it . Used correctly , you should n't have to bend your back during general digging , although it wo n't lift out the soil and put in a barrow if you need to move it ! If gardening tends to give you backache , remember to take plenty of rest periods during the day , and never try to lift more than you can easily cope with .
</context>
</instance>
我想提取里面的所有文本。 這就是我目前所擁有的。 stuff.text僅在<head></head>之前打印文本（即，您知道...繼續操作），但是我不知道如何在</head>之后提取后半部分（即it）。使用...輕松應對。）
import xml.etree.ElementTree as et
tree = et.parse(os.getcwd()+"/../data/train.xml")
instance = tree.getroot()
for stuff in instance:
if(stuff.tag == "answer"):
print "the correct answer is %s" % stuff.get('senseid')
if(stuff.tag == "context"):
print dir(stuff)
print stuff.text
2 個解決方案
解決方案1
0 已采納 2015-10-19 14:57:15
如果使用BeautifulSoup是一個選項，那將是微不足道的：
import bs4
xtxt = ''' <instance id="activate.v.bnc.00024693" docsrc="BNC">
<answer instance="activate.v.bnc.00024693" senseid="38201"/>
<context>
Do you know what it is , and where I can get one ? We suspect you had seen the Terrex Autospade , which is made by Wolf Tools . It is quite a hefty spade , with bicycle - type handlebars and a sprung lever at the rear , which you step on to <head>activate</head> it . Used correctly , you should n't have to bend your back during general digging , although it wo n't lift out the soil and put in a barrow if you need to move it ! If gardening tends to give you backache , remember to take plenty of rest periods during the day , and never try to lift more than you can easily cope with .
</context>
</instance>'''
soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(xtxt)
print soup.find('context').text
得到：
Do you know what it is , and where I can get one ? We suspect you had
seen the Terrex Autospade , which is made by Wolf Tools . It is quite
a hefty spade , with bicycle - type handlebars and a sprung lever at the
rear , which you step on to activate it . Used correctly , you shouldn't
have to bend your back during general digging , although it wo n't lift
out the soil and put in a barrow if you need to move it ! If gardening
tends to give you backache , remember to take plenty of rest periods
during the day , and never try to lift more than you can easily cope
with .
如果您更喜歡使用ElementTree，則應使用itertext處理所有文本：
import xml.etree.ElementTree as et
tree = et.parse(os.getcwd()+"/../data/train.xml")
instance = tree.getroot()
for stuff in instance:
if(stuff.tag == "answer"):
print "the correct answer is %s" % stuff.get('senseid')
if(stuff.tag == "context"):
print dir(stuff)
print ''.join(stuff.itertext())
如果您確定xml文件正確，那么ElementTree就足夠了，因為它是標准Python庫的一部分，所以您將沒有外部依賴。 但是，如果XML格式不正確，BeautifulSoup可以很好地解決小錯誤。
解決方案2
0 2015-10-19 15:33:40
可以使用元素序列化。 有兩種選擇：
- 保持內部
<head></head> - 僅返回沒有任何標簽的文本。
如果使用標簽進行序列化，則可以手動刪除外部<context></context>標簽：
# convert element to string and remove <context></context> tag
print(et.tostring(stuff).strip().lstrip('<context>').rstrip('</context>')))
# read only text without any tags
print(et.tostring(stuff, method='text'))
在 python 標簽中解析 xml
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