使用mysqlimport命令從命令行將csv文件導入mysql

Question

如何使用mysqlimport命令從命令行將csv文件導入mysql，這樣就不必進入mysql。

我正在嘗試在這里使用此答案

從命令行將csv文件導入mysql

root@678cf3cd1587:/home# mysqlimport --columns='head -n 1 discounts.csv' --ignore-lines=1 temp discounts.csv -u root -p
Enter password:
mysqlimport: Error: 1064, You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '-n 1 discounts.csv)' at line 1, when using table: discounts
root@678cf3cd1587:/home#

但是我無法正常工作，有人可以告訴我我做錯了嗎？

這是我的文件的樣子

root@678cf3cd1587:/var/lib/mysql-files# cat discounts.csv
id,title,expired_date,amount
1,"1Spring Break ",20140401,20
2,"2Spring Break ",20140401,20
3,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
4,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
5,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
6,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
7,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20

這就是我的mysql的樣子：

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| temp               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use temp
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

注意我正在docker容器中運行mysql，如果需要的話，我可以提供更多詳細信息。這個問題重復了，但我認為我是特定的。

EDIT1

我嘗試了不同的單引號'double-quote'和反引號`。盡管反引號給出了不同的錯誤，這有幫助嗎？

root@678cf3cd1587:/home# mysqlimport --columns='head -n 1 discounts.csv' --ignore-lines=1 temp discounts.csv -u root -p
Enter password:
mysqlimport: Error: 1064, You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '-n 1 discounts.csv)' at line 1, when using table: discounts
root@678cf3cd1587:/home# mysqlimport --columns="head -n 1 discounts.csv" --ignore-lines=1 temp discounts.csv -u root -p
Enter password:
mysqlimport: Error: 1064, You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '-n 1 discounts.csv)' at line 1, when using table: discounts
root@678cf3cd1587:/home# mysqlimport --columns=`head -n 1 discounts.csv` --ignore-lines=1 temp discounts.csv -u root -p
Enter password:
mysqlimport: Error: 1049 Unknown database 'date,amount'

EDIT2

如果我沒有創建表就這樣做，則會出現Error: 1146, Table 'temp.discounts' doesn't exist, when using table: discounts

root@678cf3cd1587:/var/lib/mysql-files# mysqlimport temp /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv -u root -p --columns=`head -n 1 /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv` --ignore-lines=1
Enter password:
mysqlimport: Error: 1146, Table 'temp.discounts' doesn't exist, when using table: discounts

如果我然后創建表，然后重試

mysql> CREATE TABLE discounts (
    ->   id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    ->   title VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    ->   expired_date DATE NOT NULL,
    ->   amount DECIMAL(10,2) NULL,
    ->   PRIMARY KEY (id)
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql>
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_temp |
+----------------+
| discounts      |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from discounts;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

我收到以下錯誤Error: 1265, Data truncated for column 'id' at row 1, when using table: discounts

root@678cf3cd1587:/var/lib/mysql-files# mysqlimport temp /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv -u root -p --columns=`head -n 1 /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv` --ignore-lines=1
Enter password:
mysqlimport: Error: 1265, Data truncated for column 'id' at row 1, when using table: discounts
root@678cf3cd1587:/var/lib/mysql-files#

我明確使用/var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv因為如果我理解正確，這是我可以使用secure_file_priv從中導入文件的唯一目錄

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE "secure_file_priv";
+------------------+-----------------------+
| Variable_name    | Value                 |
+------------------+-----------------------+
| secure_file_priv | /var/lib/mysql-files/ |
+------------------+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

EDIT3

我mysqlimport --columns="`head -n 1 /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv`" --ignore-lines=1 temp /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv -u root -p --fields-terminated-by=',' --fields-optionally-enclosed-by='"'工作mysqlimport --columns="`head -n 1 /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv`" --ignore-lines=1 temp /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv -u root -p --fields-terminated-by=',' --fields-optionally-enclosed-by='"'

root@678cf3cd1587:/home# mysqlimport --columns="`head -n 1 /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv`" --ignore-lines=1 temp /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv -u root -p --fields-terminated-by=','  --fields-optionally-enclosed-by='"'
Enter password:
temp.discounts: Records: 7  Deleted: 0  Skipped: 0  Warnings: 0
root@678cf3cd1587:/home#
root@678cf3cd1587:/home# cat /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv
id,title,expired_date,amount
1,"1Spring Break ",20140401,20
2,"2Spring Break ",20140401,20
3,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
4,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
5,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
6,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
7,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20

但是如上所述，我必須先在sql中創建表。

CREATE TABLE discounts (
  id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  title VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
  expired_date DATE NOT NULL,
  amount DECIMAL(10,2) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

我還必須使用此文件/var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv因為已設置secure_file_priv ，因此據我了解，我只能從該目錄加載文件。

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE "secure_file_priv";
+------------------+-----------------------+
| Variable_name    | Value                 |
+------------------+-----------------------+
| secure_file_priv | /var/lib/mysql-files/ |
+------------------+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

Answer 1

看來“到期日期”中的空格可能會讓您失望。 在命令行上，您需要引用--columns參數，同時保留反引號。

mysqlimport --columns="`head -n 1 discounts.csv`" \
--ignore-lines=1 temp discounts.csv -u root -p

表列名稱實際上是帶有空格的“過期日期”嗎？ 如果是這樣，則需要在帶有反引號的csv文件中說明該問題。

id,title,`expired date`,amount

另外，如果文件格式不同於默認值，請確保指定文件格式

以'\\ t'終止的字段，以'\\'結束，以'\\ n'終止的行，以'

就你而言

--fields-terminated-by=','  --fields-optionally-enclosed-by='"'