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Selenium入門指南，我做錯了什么？

[英]Selenium Getting Started Guide, What did I do Wrong?

 原文  2016-01-08 01:33:55  2   2    java/ selenium/ nosuchelementexception

問題描述

我試圖盡可能嚴格地遵循Selenium的“ 入門指南 ”，但是，當我嘗試運行代碼時，在控制台中收到很多警告和錯誤。
我還從此處將所有jar導入了selenium-java-2.48.2中。
非常感謝任何願意瀏覽此內容並嘗試幫助我的人！
這是我從指南中復制並粘貼的課程。

范例.java 

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver;

public class Example {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Create a new instance of the html unit driver
        // Notice that the remainder of the code relies on the interface,
        // not the implementation.
        WebDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver();

        // And now use this to visit Google
        driver.get("http://www.google.com");

        // Find the text input element by its name
        WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name("q"));

        // Enter something to search for
        element.sendKeys("Cheese!");

        // Now submit the form. WebDriver will find the form for us from the
        // element
        element.submit();

        // Check the title of the page
        System.out.println("Page title is: " + driver.getTitle());

        driver.quit();
    }
}

GoogleSuggest.java 

import java.util.List;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class GoogleSuggest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // The Firefox driver supports javascript 
        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

        // Go to the Google Suggest home page
        driver.get("http://www.google.com/webhp?complete=1&hl=en");

        // Enter the query string "Cheese"
        WebElement query = driver.findElement(By.name("q"));
        query.sendKeys("Cheese");

        // Sleep until the div we want is visible or 5 seconds is over
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis() + 5000;
        while (System.currentTimeMillis() < end) {
            WebElement resultsDiv = driver.findElement(By.className("gssb_e"));

            // If results have been returned, the results are displayed in a drop down.
            if (resultsDiv.isDisplayed()) {
              break;
            }
        }

        // And now list the suggestions
        List<WebElement> allSuggestions = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//td[@class='gssb_a gbqfsf']"));

        for (WebElement suggestion : allSuggestions) {
            System.out.println(suggestion.getText());
        }

        driver.quit();
    }
}

運行“ Example.java”時控制台中顯示的內容 

Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.host.html.HTMLElement addBehavior
WARNING: Unimplemented behavior: #default#userdata
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:1419] Error in expression; ':' found after identifier "progid".
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:1467] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:1478] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:1488] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:1499] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:1510] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:1601] Error in expression. (Invalid token ";". Was expecting one of: <S>, <NUMBER>, "inherit", <IDENT>, <STRING>, "-", <PLUS>, <HASH>, <EMS>, <EXS>, <LENGTH_PX>, <LENGTH_CM>, <LENGTH_MM>, <LENGTH_IN>, <LENGTH_PT>, <LENGTH_PC>, <ANGLE_DEG>, <ANGLE_RAD>, <ANGLE_GRAD>, <TIME_MS>, <TIME_S>, <FREQ_HZ>, <FREQ_KHZ>, <RESOLUTION_DPI>, <RESOLUTION_DPCM>, <PERCENTAGE>, <DIMENSION>, <URI>, <FUNCTION>.)
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:1613] Error in expression. (Invalid token ";". Was expecting one of: <S>, <NUMBER>, "inherit", <IDENT>, <STRING>, "-", <PLUS>, <HASH>, <EMS>, <EXS>, <LENGTH_PX>, <LENGTH_CM>, <LENGTH_MM>, <LENGTH_IN>, <LENGTH_PT>, <LENGTH_PC>, <ANGLE_DEG>, <ANGLE_RAD>, <ANGLE_GRAD>, <TIME_MS>, <TIME_S>, <FREQ_HZ>, <FREQ_KHZ>, <RESOLUTION_DPI>, <RESOLUTION_DPCM>, <PERCENTAGE>, <DIMENSION>, <URI>, <FUNCTION>.)
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:1626] Error in expression. (Invalid token ";". Was expecting one of: <S>, <NUMBER>, "inherit", <IDENT>, <STRING>, "-", <PLUS>, <HASH>, <EMS>, <EXS>, <LENGTH_PX>, <LENGTH_CM>, <LENGTH_MM>, <LENGTH_IN>, <LENGTH_PT>, <LENGTH_PC>, <ANGLE_DEG>, <ANGLE_RAD>, <ANGLE_GRAD>, <TIME_MS>, <TIME_S>, <FREQ_HZ>, <FREQ_KHZ>, <RESOLUTION_DPI>, <RESOLUTION_DPCM>, <PERCENTAGE>, <DIMENSION>, <URI>, <FUNCTION>.)
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:1639] Error in expression. (Invalid token ";". Was expecting one of: <S>, <NUMBER>, "inherit", <IDENT>, <STRING>, "-", <PLUS>, <HASH>, <EMS>, <EXS>, <LENGTH_PX>, <LENGTH_CM>, <LENGTH_MM>, <LENGTH_IN>, <LENGTH_PT>, <LENGTH_PC>, <ANGLE_DEG>, <ANGLE_RAD>, <ANGLE_GRAD>, <TIME_MS>, <TIME_S>, <FREQ_HZ>, <FREQ_KHZ>, <RESOLUTION_DPI>, <RESOLUTION_DPCM>, <PERCENTAGE>, <DIMENSION>, <URI>, <FUNCTION>.)
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:1653] Error in expression. (Invalid token "}". Was expecting one of: <S>, <NUMBER>, "inherit", <IDENT>, <STRING>, "-", <PLUS>, <HASH>, <EMS>, <EXS>, <LENGTH_PX>, <LENGTH_CM>, <LENGTH_MM>, <LENGTH_IN>, <LENGTH_PT>, <LENGTH_PC>, <ANGLE_DEG>, <ANGLE_RAD>, <ANGLE_GRAD>, <TIME_MS>, <TIME_S>, <FREQ_HZ>, <FREQ_KHZ>, <RESOLUTION_DPI>, <RESOLUTION_DPCM>, <PERCENTAGE>, <DIMENSION>, <URI>, <FUNCTION>.)
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:2203] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:2543] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:2616] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:3194] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:3701] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:3761] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:4196] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:4960] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:6103] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:6338] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:6781] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:6938] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:7010] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:7352] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [2:199] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [2:1691] Error in expression; ':' found after identifier "progid".
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [2:2949] Error in expression; ':' found after identifier "progid".
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [2:3481] Error in expression; ':' found after identifier "progid".
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [2:3969] Error in expression; ':' found after identifier "progid".
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [2:4480] Error in expression; ':' found after identifier "progid".
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [3:117] Error in declaration. '*' is not allowed as first char of a property.
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:685] Error in expression; ':' found after identifier "progid".
Jan 07, 2016 6:15:36 PM com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCssErrorHandler error
WARNING: CSS error: 'http://www.google.com/' [1:1235] Error in expression; ':' found after identifier "progid".
Page title is: Cheese! - Google Search

即使顯示一堆警告，該類也可以做應做的事情。

運行GoogleSuggest.java時控制台中顯示的內容 

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element: {"method":"class name","selector":"gssb_e"}
Command duration or timeout: 9 milliseconds
For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html
Build info: version: '2.48.0', revision: 'b7b081a', time: '2015-10-07 15:45:39'
System info: host: 'Zeus', ip: '192.168.7.103', os.name: 'Windows 8.1', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.3', java.version: '1.8.0_20'
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver
Capabilities [{applicationCacheEnabled=true, rotatable=false, handlesAlerts=true, databaseEnabled=true, version=40.0.3, platform=WINDOWS, nativeEvents=false, acceptSslCerts=true, webStorageEnabled=true, locationContextEnabled=true, browserName=firefox, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true}]
Session ID: f90cec4e-f47c-4306-9491-3248e836dd7c
*** Element info: {Using=class name, value=gssb_e}
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:206)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:158)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:647)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:353)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementByClassName(RemoteWebDriver.java:467)
    at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByClassName.findElement(By.java:391)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:345)
    at GoogleSuggest.main(GoogleSuggest.java:23)
Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element: {"method":"class name","selector":"gssb_e"}
For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html
Build info: version: '2.48.0', revision: 'b7b081a', time: '2015-10-07 15:45:39'
System info: host: 'Zeus', ip: '192.168.7.103', os.name: 'Windows 8.1', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.3', java.version: '1.8.0_20'
Driver info: driver.version: unknown
    at <anonymous class>.FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElementInternal_(file:///C:/Users/Bill/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous6644175254170304178webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver-component.js:10659)
    at <anonymous class>.FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElement(file:///C:/Users/Bill/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous6644175254170304178webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver-component.js:10668)
    at <anonymous class>.DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_/h(file:///C:/Users/Bill/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous6644175254170304178webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12534)
    at <anonymous class>.DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_(file:///C:/Users/Bill/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous6644175254170304178webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12539)
    at <anonymous class>.DelayedCommand.prototype.execute/<(file:///C:/Users/Bill/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous6644175254170304178webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12481)

除控制台中的所有內容外，該類還打開FireFox，等待Google加載，鍵入Cheese，搜索，然后停止，然后出現所有錯誤。

2 個解決方案

解決方案1
 2  2016-01-08 07:22:06

運行Example.java時觀察到的警告可以忽略，並且代碼運行正常。 如果您想刪除警告，可以通過添加以下代碼行來刪除。 

public class Example {
    static Logger log = Logger.getLogger("com.gargoylesoftware");

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        log.setLevel(Level.OFF)
        // Create a new instance of the html unit driver
        // Notice that the remainder of the code relies on the interface,
        // not the implementation.
        WebDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver();
        ...................................
        ...................................
        ...................................
    }
}

我在GoogleSuggest.java發現了幾個問題。

  1. 在所需Sleep until the div we want is visible or 5 seconds is over為Sleep until the div we want is visible or 5 seconds is over編寫的代碼是錯誤的。 根據您的代碼，Selenium將查找元素，直到System.currentTimeMillis()小於end 。 但是，每當硒搜索div時，都會拋出一個異常，指出未找到該元素。 這應該在try catch中處理。

  2. 該resultsDiv使用類名標識gssb_e在你的代碼。 當我檢查時，我得到了類名sbsb_a 。 請檢查一下。

  3. 該list是通過代碼中的xpath //td[@class='gssb_a gbqfsf']的。 當我檢查時沒有相關的td標簽。 嘗試以下xpath //div[@class='sbqs_c'] 。

所需代碼更改的摘要： 

while (System.currentTimeMillis() < end) {
    try {
        WebElement resultsDiv = driver.findElement(By.className("sbsb_a"));

        // If results have been returned, the results are displayed in a
        // drop down.
        if (resultsDiv.isDisplayed()) {
            break;
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        // do nothing 
    }
}

// And now list the suggestions
List<WebElement> allSuggestions = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//div[@class='sbqs_c']"));

解決方案2
 1  2017-06-05 09:40:39

它只是警告，您可以忽略它們。

使用其他WEB驅動程序代替默認設置。 例如，它可能是CHROME（您可以在不同的瀏覽器之間進行選擇，例如CHROME，FIREFOX_31，FIREFOX_31，INTERNET_EXPLORER_8，INTERNET_EXPLORER_11）。

HtmlUnitDriver unitDriver =新的HtmlUnitDriver（BrowserVersion.CHROME）; 我想它應該解決您的問題。

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