了解$ PATH變量：已安裝的gem不在路徑中

Question

早上好！

我正在研究ruby gem。 到目前為止，寶石還沒有被推到任何服務器 - 所有本地開發目前。

我想在構建它時測試寶石（使用TTD）。 我已經運行bundle exe rake build和bundle exe rake install來構建和安裝我的本地環境中的gem。 我現在希望當我在終端的任何地方鍵入gem_name時，應該識別gem_name 。 不幸的是，它不是; 相反，我得到這個錯誤：

    `$ -bash gem_name: command not found`

我可以做到的唯一可能的事情可能是導致這是我的道路上的一些問題。

這是$ PATH的輸出：

    echo $PATH
    /Users/throw/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/bin:
    /Users/throw/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1@global/bin:
    /Users/throw/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.1/bin:
    /usr/local:/usr/local/bin:
   /usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:
   /usr/local/git/bin:/Users/throw/.rvm/bin:/Users/throw/.nvm/nvm.sh:
  /Users/throw/.node/bin:/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/9.5.0.0/latest/bin

這是命令gem env的輸出：

    gem env
    RubyGems Environment:
      - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 2.5.1
      - RUBY VERSION: 2.2.1 (2015-02-26 patchlevel 85) [x86_64-darwin14]
      - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/throw/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1
      - USER INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/throw/.gem/ruby/2.2.0
      - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /Users/throw/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.1/bin/ruby
      - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /Users/throw/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/bin
      - SPEC CACHE DIRECTORY: /Users/throw/.gem/specs
      - SYSTEM CONFIGURATION DIRECTORY: /Users/throw/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.1/etc
      - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
        - ruby
        - x86_64-darwin-14
      - GEM PATHS:
         - /Users/throw/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1
         - /Users/throw/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1@global
      - GEM CONFIGURATION:
         - :update_sources => true
         - :verbose => true
         - :backtrace => false
         - :bulk_threshold => 1000
      - REMOTE SOURCES:
         - https://rubygems.org/
      - SHELL PATH:
         - /Users/throw/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/bin
         - /Users/throw/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1@global/bin
         - /Users/throw/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.1/bin
         - /usr/local
         - /usr/local/bin
         - /usr/local/sbin
         - /usr/bin
         - /usr/local/bin
         - /usr/bin
         - /bin
         - /usr/sbin
         - /sbin
         - /usr/local/git/bin
         - /Users/throw/.rvm/bin
         - /Users/throw/.nvm/nvm.sh
         - /Users/throw/.node/bin
         - /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/9.5.0.0/latest/bin

到目前為止，我認為gem_name路徑包含在我的$PATH但我不知道......我錯過了什么？

以下是gem_name.gemspec的內容：

    # coding: utf-8
    lib = File.expand_path('../lib', __FILE__)
    $LOAD_PATH.unshift(lib) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(lib)
    require 'instructortools/version'

    Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
      spec.name          = "instructortools"
      spec.version       = Instructortools::VERSION
      spec.authors       = ["Throw"]
      spec.email         = ["throw@gmail.com"]

      spec.summary       = %q{The command line interface instructor tools}
      spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/throw/instructortools-gem"
      spec.license       = "MIT"

      # Prevent pushing this gem to RubyGems.org by setting 'allowed_push_host', or
      # delete this section to allow pushing this gem to any host.
      if spec.respond_to?(:metadata)
        spec.metadata['allowed_push_host'] = "TODO: Set to 'http://mygemserver.com'"
      else
        raise "RubyGems 2.0 or newer is required to protect against public gem pushes."
      end

      spec.files         = `git ls-files -z`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
      spec.bindir        = "exe"
      spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
      spec.require_paths = ["lib"]

      spec.add_development_dependency "bundler", "~> 1.11"
      spec.add_development_dependency "rake", "~> 10.0"
      spec.add_development_dependency "rspec", "~> 3.0"
      spec.add_development_dependency "pry"

      spec.add_runtime_dependency "thor"
    end

我有一個exe目錄，其中包含以下行：

    #!/usr/bin/env ruby

    require "instructortools"

    Instructortools::CLI.start(ARGV)

謝謝！

Answer 1

你應該在gemspec中提到你的可執行文件，如下所示：

spec.bindir "exe"
spec.executables ["your_script_name"]

因此，在安裝時，rubygems將其復制到$PATH上的/Users/throw/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/bin

編輯：您的gemspec從git ls-files獲取文件列表，因此所有文件都應該在gem構建之前提交以包含在gem中。