重新安裝 rvm/rails 后無法啟動 rails 服務器

Question

我最近不得不卸載 rvm，然后重新安裝 rvm 並重新安裝 rails --

看起來 rails 沒有正確安裝，因為我無法啟動 rails s。 我正在使用 ruby​​ 2.3.0，並運行 sudo gem install rails 以獲取最新版本的 rails。

安裝並運行 bundle install 和 bundle update 后，出現此錯誤

/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tmpdir.rb:85:in `mkdir': ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. (Gem::Ext::BuildError)

    Permission denied - ./.gem.20160330-64997-1erpjjg

Gem files will remain installed in /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/nokogiri-1.6.7.2 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/extensions/universal-darwin-14/2.0.0/nokogiri-1.6.7.2/gem_make.out
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tmpdir.rb:85:in `block in mktmpdir'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tmpdir.rb:142:in `create'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tmpdir.rb:85:in `mktmpdir'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb:14:in `build'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:161:in `block (2 levels) in build_extension'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:160:in `chdir'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:160:in `block in build_extension'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:159:in `synchronize'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:159:in `build_extension'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:198:in `block in build_extensions'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:195:in `each'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:195:in `build_extensions'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1436:in `block in build_extensions'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/user_interaction.rb:45:in `use_ui'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1434:in `build_extensions'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/stub_specification.rb:60:in `build_extensions'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/basic_specification.rb:56:in `contains_requirable_file?'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:68:in `block in require'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:67:in `each'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:67:in `find'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:67:in `require'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/bin/rails:9:in `<top (required)>'
    from /usr/bin/rails:22:in `load'
    from /usr/bin/rails:22:in `<main>'

我嘗試使用此問題中的解決方案，但得到“找不到 apt-get 命令”——但如果這需要類似的解決方案，我深表歉意！

我正在使用 Mac OSX

編輯 ****

使用 gem update ---system 更新 gems 后，我收到一條新錯誤消息：

=> Booting WEBrick
=> Rails 4.1.4 application starting in development on http://0.0.0.0:3000
=> Run `rails server -h` for more startup options
=> Notice: server is listening on all interfaces (0.0.0.0). Consider using 127.0.0.1 (--binding option)
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server
Exiting
/Users/chloe/sites/bookshelf/config/environment.rb:7:in `<top (required)>': undefined local variable or method `config' for main:Object (NameError)
    from /Users/chloe/sites/bookshelf/config.ru:3:in `require'
    from /Users/chloe/sites/bookshelf/config.ru:3:in `block in <main>'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rack-1.5.5/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `instance_eval'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rack-1.5.5/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `initialize'
    from /Users/chloe/sites/bookshelf/config.ru:in `new'
    from /Users/chloe/sites/bookshelf/config.ru:in `<main>'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rack-1.5.5/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `eval'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rack-1.5.5/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `new_from_string'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rack-1.5.5/lib/rack/builder.rb:40:in `parse_file'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rack-1.5.5/lib/rack/server.rb:277:in `build_app_and_options_from_config'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rack-1.5.5/lib/rack/server.rb:199:in `app'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:50:in `app'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rack-1.5.5/lib/rack/server.rb:314:in `wrapped_app'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:130:in `log_to_stdout'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:67:in `start'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:81:in `block in server'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:76:in `tap'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:76:in `server'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:40:in `run_command!'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/commands.rb:17:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/chloe/sites/bookshelf/bin/rails:9:in `require'
    from /Users/chloe/sites/bookshelf/bin/rails:9:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-1.6.4/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `load'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-1.6.4/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `call'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-1.6.4/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-1.6.4/lib/spring/client.rb:28:in `run'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-1.6.4/bin/spring:49:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-1.6.4/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `load'
    from /Users/chloe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-1.6.4/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/chloe/sites/bookshelf/bin/spring:13:in `require'
    from /Users/chloe/sites/bookshelf/bin/spring:13:in `<top (required)>'
    from bin/rails:3:in `load'
    from bin/rails:3:in `<main>'
  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7645918/require-no-such-file-to-load-mkmf-loaderror

****解決方案****

這個問題的解決方案似乎解決了這個問題：

在您的 environment.rb 文件中，剪切以 config 開頭的任何行並粘貼到您的 production.rb/development.rb/test.rb 中。

Answer 1

這似乎解決了問題：

對於第一個問題——

跑

gem update --system

對於第二個問題——

在您的 environment.rb 文件中，剪切以 config 開頭的任何行並粘貼到您的 production.rb/development.rb/test.rb 中。